Slow Down for Whales: How Global Shipping Learned to Share the Ocean
How To Protect The Ocean
Blue whales can’t dodge ships. When scientists tracked blue whales alongside cargo ships off Southern California, the whales responded in just over half the encounters, and every response was the same: a slow, shallow dive. Not once did a whale move sideways out of the ship’s path. Models suggest ships kill around 18 blue whales a year off the U.S. West Coast, nearly eight times what the population can lose and still recover. The good news is in the data. Most blue whale strike deaths happen in a small slice of ocean, and that’s where ports, air quality agencies, marine sanctuaries, and...
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When Whale Food Moves: Climate Change, Crab Traps, and Pop-Up Gear
How To Protect The Ocean
In 2014, a patch of unusually warm water nicknamed "the blob" settled off the west coast of North America. The cold, food-rich water that normally stretches far offshore shrank into a narrow strip along the coast, and hungry humpback whales followed their food straight into the waters where Dungeness crabbers had set thousands of traps, each tied to a vertical rope. Entanglements jumped from about 10 a year to 53 in 2015 and 55 in 2016. In this episode, Andrew traces the line from warmer water to a specific whale in a specific rope. You'll learn why lunge-feeding whales depend on dense patches...
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The Whale Heart That Beats Twice a Minute
How To Protect The Ocean
Fill your hands with cold water, hold your breath, and press your face in. Your heart slows within seconds. That reflex lives in every whale in the ocean too, and in a blue whale it is pushed so far that the largest heart on Earth can drop to two beats a minute on a deep dive. In this episode, Andrew walks through the first heart rate recording from a wild blue whale, led by Jeremy Goldbogen's team at Stanford, and a study by Terrie Williams of UC Santa Cruz that tracked narwhals fleeing after release from nets in East Greenland. The narwhals swam as hard as they could while their hearts fell...
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The Biggest Mouthful: How Blue Whales Eat and Why Krill Matters
How To Protect The Ocean
A blue whale can swallow a volume of water bigger than its own body in a single gulp. That move, called lunge feeding, is one of the most extreme feats in the animal kingdom, and it only pays off when krill is packed into thick, dense swarms. In a thin patch, a blue whale gets back about six times the energy it spent. In a dense swarm, it gets back more than 200 times. In this first episode of the Age of Giants series, Andrew breaks down how rorqual whales feed, then follows the krill. In 2025, the Antarctic krill fishery hit its 620,000 tonne precautionary limit for the first time and closed...
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Whales Are Sprinters: What a Blue Whale's Heart Does When It Lunge Feeds
How To Protect The Ocean
What happens to the heart of the largest animal on Earth when it charges into a swarm of krill? Dr. Ashley Blawas, a postdoctoral scholar in Jeremy Goldbogen's lab at Stanford's Hopkins Marine Station, joins Andrew to unpack new research published in PNAS that measured the heart rates of lunge-feeding blue whales and humpback whales using suction-cup ECG tags. Ashley explains the three phases of lunge feeding (accelerate, engulf, filter) and why these giants behave a lot like human sprinters. Their heart rates stay high after each lunge, then gradually recover while they glide and filter,...
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The Pollution That Breeds: How the Great Lakes Stopped Invaders
How To Protect The Ocean
In 1988, someone found a striped mussel the size of a fingernail in Lake St. Clair. Within a few years, zebra mussels coated pipes, boats, and the bottom of the Great Lakes, and they became the poster child for "it's too late." Andrew closes Marine Pollution week with the pollutant that breaks every rule: a living one that reproduces instead of diluting. He follows two invaders. Zebra mussels rode in on ship ballast water, clogged power plant intakes, and stripped plankton from the base of the food web. Lionfish, likely released from home aquariums, spread from Florida across the Caribbean and...
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How Beach Cleanup Data Helped Canada Ban Plastic
How To Protect The Ocean
You rinse the yogurt tub, check the number on the bottom, and drop it in the blue bin. In Canada, only about 9% of plastic waste actually gets recycled, and the global rate is the same. Andrew breaks down why plastic is so hard to recycle, why microplastics are so hard to study, and what the controversy over plastic-in-the-brain headlines does and doesn't tell us. Then the story moves to a beach in Stanley Park in 1994, where Vancouver Aquarium staff and volunteers started picking up trash and writing down what they found. That cleanup grew into a national program, and its data fed into the...
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What Happens to Fish When Our Pills Reach the Water?
How To Protect The Ocean
In 2001, government scientists started adding a tiny amount of the synthetic estrogen found in birth control pills to a remote lake in northwestern Ontario, at levels already measured in city wastewater. Within seven weeks, male fish were making egg-yolk protein. After two summers, some had eggs growing in their testes, and the fathead minnow population collapsed to about 1% of normal. Andrew explains how the same chemistry leaves our bodies every day, passes through treatment plants built for sewage and bacteria, and flows into rivers, lakes, and the coast. Hormones are only part of it. In...
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How Did Humpback Whales End Up in New York Harbour?
How To Protect The Ocean
This summer, people are boarding whale watching boats and seeing humpbacks feeding in sight of the Manhattan skyline. Fifty years ago, that same water was an open sewer, and every toilet on Manhattan's West Side flushed straight into the Hudson River, untreated. Andrew tells the story of how the whales got here, and why it took most of a century. He starts with the cause: sewers built to empty into the rivers, roughly 590 million gallons of raw sewage a day by the early 1900s, and floating screens at Coney Island to keep it away from swimmers. Then the turn. The city began testing the harbor...
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Plastic Is Still the Ocean's #1 Villain, with Dr. Judith Weis
How To Protect The Ocean
Plastic keeps getting made, it never goes away, and almost none of it gets recycled. Dr. Judith Weis, Professor Emerita at Rutgers University Newark and Andrew's very first guest on this podcast more than 2,000 episodes ago, returns for her fourth appearance to talk about the second edition of her book, Marine Pollution: What Everyone Needs to Know. Judith walks through every major category of marine pollution: nutrients, metals, oil, pesticides, marine debris, pharmaceuticals, ocean acidification, and one category that surprises most people, biological pollution. She explains why...
info_outlineThis episode of the How to Protect the Ocean podcast delves into the water crisis plaguing the Hawaiian islands. The discussion explores the impact of climate change, military activities, and tourism on the dwindling water resources. Locals express their concerns about the crisis, highlighting worries about farming, water quality, and quantity. Listeners are encouraged to understand the severity of the situation and consider their own role in preserving water resources in Hawaii.
Link to article: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/hawaii-water-crisis-climate-change/
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Hawaii's Water Crisis: A Multi-Faceted Challenge
Hawaii, renowned for its breathtaking landscapes and pristine waters, is currently grappling with a severe water crisis. This crisis is not the result of a single factor but rather a combination of various issues, including climate change, military contamination, and the impacts of tourism.
Climate Change:
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Hawaii's water crisis is worsened by the effects of climate change. Altered weather patterns have led to prolonged droughts, diminishing the crucial rainfall needed to replenish freshwater sources on the islands.
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The islands heavily depend on rainfall to recharge freshwater sources, which then percolate through the mountains into aquifers. However, with changing climate patterns, the frequency and intensity of rainfall have decreased, affecting the availability of potable water for residents.
Military Contamination:
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The presence of the U.S. military in Hawaii has also played a role in the water crisis. Military activities, such as the storage of jet fuel and chemicals like PFAS, have resulted in the contamination of water sources on the islands.
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Incidents of jet fuel leaks and chemical contamination have led to health issues for residents, including birth defects and mental health concerns. The military's inadequate containment systems have failed to prevent these harmful substances from entering the water supply.
Tourism Impact:
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The thriving tourism industry in Hawaii has further strained the already limited water resources. Hotels, resorts, and tourist attractions consume significant amounts of freshwater for various purposes, including wave pools and landscaping.
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The development associated with tourism, such as construction and infrastructure projects, has caused water contamination through sediment runoff and rerouting of water sources. This has impacted the quality and quantity of freshwater available to local communities.
Conclusion:
The convergence of climate change, military contamination, and tourism activities has created a complex water crisis in Hawaii. Addressing this crisis requires a multi-faceted approach that includes sustainable water management practices, stricter regulations on contamination, and a reevaluation of the tourism industry's water usage. Preserving Hawaii's precious freshwater resources is essential not only for environmental conservation but also for the well-being and livelihoods of the island's residents.
The water crisis in Hawaii not only poses environmental challenges but also significantly impacts the health and well-being of the local Hawaiian population. The episode highlights how contamination from sources like leaking jet fuel and chemicals used as fire deterrents has led to serious health issues among residents. People have reported birth defects, mental health problems, and physical health issues due to the compromised water quality. The situation is exacerbated by the fact that many Hawaiians have lived on the islands for generations and have never had to deal with such health risks before.
The emotional toll on the local population is evident, with individuals expressing their deep connection to the land and their reluctance to leave despite the health risks. Displacement due to health concerns or loss of land further adds to the distress faced by the Hawaiian community. The episode underscores the injustice of indigenous people being forced to leave their ancestral homes due to environmental degradation caused by external factors like tourism and military activities.
The water crisis in Hawaii serves as a stark reminder of the broader impacts of environmental issues on human health and well-being. It highlights the need for stronger regulations, better management practices, and increased accountability to protect the health of local communities. The episode emphasizes the importance of considering the human aspect of environmental crises and the necessity of prioritizing the well-being of indigenous populations in conservation efforts.
To address the water crisis in Hawaii and ensure sustainable water usage, implementing better management practices, enacting tougher laws, and protecting Native Hawaiians are essential steps. The episode highlights the detrimental impacts of climate change, tourism, and military activities on Hawaii's water resources. The lack of rainfall due to climate change has led to a decrease in available fresh water, exacerbating the crisis. Additionally, the tourism industry's excessive water usage for activities like wave pools and the military's contamination of water sources with jet fuel have further strained the water supply.
To combat these challenges, it is crucial to establish better management practices. This includes regulating water usage by all stakeholders, especially industries like tourism, to ensure that water resources are used sustainably. Tougher laws need to be implemented to enforce water conservation measures and prevent contamination of water sources. Additionally, protecting Native Hawaiians, who have a deep cultural and historical connection to the land, is vital in preserving their access to clean and safe water.
By prioritizing the protection of water resources through improved management practices, stricter regulations, and safeguarding the rights of Native Hawaiians, Hawaii can work towards a more sustainable future. These actions are essential to address the current water crisis and ensure that the island's precious water supply is preserved for future generations.