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Young Professionals in Sustainability - with Minjie Lu, S&P Global [Chinese]

Environment China

Release Date: 08/10/2023

(Repost for missing audio) Comparing offshore wind in China and Norway - with Erlend Ek show art (Repost for missing audio) Comparing offshore wind in China and Norway - with Erlend Ek

Environment China

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Environment China

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In the latest episode of Environment China's podcast, we speak to Ruixin Li as part of our Young Professionals in Sustainability series. Ruixin currently works as the lead climate specialist at ICF International Consulting (Beijing). He has eight years of experience working on climate change issues and more than four years of experience implementing international cooperation projects. His focuses include carbon market, green finance, and sustainable aviation. Previously, Ruixin worked for Greenovation Hub and China Youth Climate Action Network. He has also assisted several international NGOs...

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In the latest episode of 's podcast, we speak to  as part of our Young Professionals in Sustainability series. Zhinan is a senior associate with Rocky Mountain Institute's India Program, based in Oakland, California, United States. She collaborates with national and state-level partners in India to accelerate the country’s transition to zero-emission trucking. At RMI, she also helped shape the concrete and cement initiative as one of the founding members, where she designed net-zero strategies for the global concrete and cement industry through thought leadership and...

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In the latest episode of Environment China's podcast, we speak to Wen Yi as part of our Young Professionals in Sustainability series. Wen Yi is a doctoral graduate in Transportation Engineering from the University of Tennessee in the United States and a master's degree in statistics. He previously received a master's degree in Environmental Science and Management from the University of California, Santa Barbara. Wen Yi has been deeply involved in the environmental field since his undergraduate degree. During his PhD, Wenyi’s main research area was micro-mobility, especially the study of the...

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This is an emergency podcast about the Sunnylands Statement on Enhancing Cooperation to Address the Climate Crisis, which was released just a day ago. Top US and China climate negotiators Xie Zhenhua and John Kerry have held several days of talks at the Sunnylands estate near Palm Springs in California, and released this joint US-China statement in the lead-up to COP28 in Dubai. Just a few months ago, Kerry had visited BJ to negotiate similar topics, and President Xi had used the occasion to emphasize that China would set its own path on climate, and not give in to pressure. So this joint...

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More Episodes
In this latest installment in our Young Professionals in Sustainability series, we talk with Minjie LU, Energy Advisory Consultant at S&P Global Commodity Insights consulting group. He has six years of experience in the energy industry. His technical expertise includes oil and gas field development, project economics, and investment valuation. Prior to joining S&P, Minjie was a reservoir engineer at Totalenergies' Geoscience Centre in Scotland. He holds an MSc in petroleum engineering from Imperial College London and an ME in structural engineering and a BSc in engineering science from University College Dublin.
 
In this episode we'll explore: 
  1. His academic and work background
  2. Career change: research-oriented work to consulting
  3. S&P Global Commodity Insightsw's energy upstream research business
  4. A Day in the Life of an Energy Advisory Consultant
  5. Interesting energy consulting projects
  6. Recent major industry events and changes in the energy market
 
 

2022年我们萌生了一个想法:为什么不把北京能源网络的职场青年人聚起来,做一系列“可持续宝藏青年都在做什么”的圆桌,一起来聊一聊环境和能源圈独特又好玩的工作经历,探一探大家所在行业的新鲜事呢?在经历了2022年每月一期的活动后,我们觉得还是非常有必要把这些宝贵的经验以文字或者播客的形式记录下来,所以环境能源可持续圈打工人”系列播客诞生了!

在环境中国最新一期的播客中,我们邀请到了陆旻杰——旻杰是标普全球的大宗商品能源咨询师,他在能源上游、油气田勘探开发、项目评估等领域有超过6年的经验。在加入标普前,他在道达尔能源苏格兰科研中心任职。旻杰在英国帝国理工学院获得石油工程的硕士学位,在爱尔兰都柏林大学获得土木与环境工程的硕士和学士学位。请下滑查看播客文字版记录。

1. 旻杰最初是怎么对环境能源领域的学习和工作感兴趣的?可以和我们具体分享一下你在英国和爱尔兰的学业和工作背景吗?

我一直比较喜欢理科类的学科,所以本科就选择了在爱尔兰都柏林大学就读土木与环境工程专业。那段时间爱尔兰正在大力发展海上和陆上风电,所以在学习中我也接触到了很多能源相关的话题。同时,那段时间也是美国“页岩油气”发展的高峰,凭借“页岩油气革命”,美国从全球“第一大能源进口国”变成了“能源出口国”。“非常规油气”的开发也成为了一个全球热议的话题,其中,「水力压裂」对环境的影响也是我们专业学习的一个重要部分,我也开始研究更多关于能源开采的内容。

之后我在英国帝国理工大学就读了石油工程研究生课程。其实在更多深入学习了这个专业之后,我曾经对于石油天然气的刻板印象也发生了改变,当然,或许现在仍然有很多人对于石油天然气这些传统的化石能源持有着很大的反对意见,但我认为在人类能源需求不断攀升的情景下,如何合理的使用石油天然气作为一个“过渡能源”,来帮助人们从高污染高排放的煤炭能源消耗过渡到新能源,是一个相当重要的话题。

毕业后, 我加入了法国道达尔能源在苏格兰的研发中心,主要负责油气工程建模的研究工作,这也让我对国际大型油气公司的运营模式和企业战略有了更多的了解

2. 旻杰刚刚提到「水力压裂技术」对环境的影响,知乎上有一个帖子名字叫做“你所不知道的水力压裂技术(知识量巨大、烧脑、慎入!)”,你可以用最简单的语言和我们科普一下这个技术,以及它对环境的影响吗?

简单来说,“水力压裂法”指的是在页岩层注入高压的液体,使页岩层产生裂缝,好让我们获得油气的一种技术。在压裂之后,一般会在裂缝中继续注入支撑剂和化学物质,能使地下的裂缝保持张开,这样石油和天然气就可以从这些裂缝中释放出来。“非常规油气”的开采是近几年的事情,所以很多人认为“水力压裂法”是一项新技术,但其实早在70年前在常规油气开发中就有应用了。

环境影响方面的话,目前来看,水力压裂可能造成的环境影响主要问三大类:一是压裂活动需要消耗大量的淡水,那样会对周边群众日常生产活动所需的淡水资源消耗产生竞争或者是占用。二是如果压裂液或者支撑剂泄漏,可能会对地下和地表水资源造成污染,但其实压裂的页岩油气层往往在地下两千米甚至更深以下,除了地上的设备造成的泄漏之外,其实水力压裂可能对地表水资源造成环境影响的可能性很小。第三就是可能会引发小型的地震,但目前来看记载的相关地震影响都很小,尚未有过因为水力压裂引发人员或者财产损失的地震的相关报道。

3. 从苏格兰回国之后,你是怎么加入到标普全球的北京团队的呢?

我是在2019年的下半年加入埃信华迈(IHS Markit)亚太区能源咨询团队的。当时团队的主要负责人还是在美国和新加坡,所以面试基本在线上进行。面试筛选还是挺严格的,公司对我们行业洞察和咨询分析能力都有着非常高的要求,而我也很幸运通过层层筛选加入了团队。2022年,标普全球(S&P Global)和埃信华迈(IHS Markit)合并,我们也从此加入了标普全球的大家庭,另外标普全球大宗商品普氏能源资讯(Platts)所提供的市场信息、基准价格服务等可能大家也都比较耳熟能详了。

4. 旻杰可以和我们分享一下公司在能源上游的业务吗?

我们公司的能源上游业务主要分为三大板块:

第一是研究团队,他们主要负责定期发布一些行业的研究洞察,能源公司战略研究报告及能源收并购相关的研究;

第二是数据团队,主要负责收集全世界各地的上游勘探开发数据,包括油气田、油气井及生产平台的相关数据等等;

第三个就是我所在的能源咨询板块,我们的工作主要是为客户提供一些定制化的能源咨询服务,依靠我们公司能源上游其他两个板块所提供的公司内部数据的支撑,加上额外的数据搜集及研究分析给客户提供油气田勘探开发、项目评估、能源项目收并购技术尽调及目前比较新的“碳捕集、利用和封存技术CCUS”相关的研究工作。

5. 你在标普的职称是“大宗商品能源咨询师”,你可以具体地和我们科普一下你的工作内容吗?

我是在2019年下半年加入公司的,我记得我参与的第一个项目是“深海油气田勘探开发方式及成本”的研究,这也是我们团队一般承接的典型项目类型。我们在项目开展之前就会与客户确定好研究的大纲、内容、方法和项目时间线,从而根据计划逐步开展项目。

在项目开展过程中,我平时主要的工作内容就是搜集研究所需的数据。之前我也提到过,我们数据的主要来源还是我们公司内部的数据库。在信息数据搜集的过程中,我们会随时与公司的研究和数据团队联系,同时也会从外部专家的交流中获取更多的洞察和信息,然后融入到我们的报告中。对于部分需要更深入研究的内容,我们则会进行额外的调研和数据搜集,从而确保研究内容的完整及深度。

在过去四年中,我参与的咨询项目周期从3个月到半年不等,我们也会定期的与客户召开周会及月会来汇报我们的工作进展,也同时获取客户的反馈,对我们的研究内容进行调整和完善。

6. 要不要和我们分享一个最近你觉得比较有趣的项目?

我想和大家分享的是我最近参与的一个项目——随着疫情的放开,我们与客户的交流和分享也得以更多的以线下的方式开展,在最新的这个项目中,我以驻场办公的方式在东南亚某国的客户公司工作了两个多月。

在这期间和客户开展了很多非常高效的互动和交流,一方面我们可以实时的与客户交流项目进展,另一方面客户也可以随时与我们反馈他们的需求,我们可以及时的帮助客户解决很多棘手的问题。我觉得后疫情时代,可能这类的项目会越来越多,我个人感觉很多时候面对面的交流确实会高效许多。

7. 对比之前在道达尔的研究型工作经历,你觉得现在在标普做咨询,工作内容上的主要变化是什么?

我在道达尔研发中心的主要工作是油气工程建模相关的研究,可以说是相当的专业和“定制化”。往往几个月中,我的研究对象就是一个单一的油气藏。主要的工作内容就是编写程序,根据很多的流体公式编制自动化的油气藏模型流体模拟实验。而且因为主要还是以研发为主,一般项目也没有严格的时间线和deadline。

7.1. 要不和我们迅速简单地科普一下“油气藏”吧?

简单来说,“油气藏”就是油气聚集的一个封闭空间,你可以把它想象成一个装着油或者天然气“房子”。油气藏往往会有一个渗透率很低的岩石盖层,你可以把它想象为“屋顶”,他们的作用是阻止油气的流失,把他们妥善的保存起来。

那我现在接着回答之前的问题。相比来说,在标普能源咨询团队的工作就会更偏向能源行业的宏观层面一些,我们会随时追踪全球的能源发展趋势、油气勘探开发新项目和能源转型发展。需要实时的掌握能源行业的动态,挖掘潜在的咨询项目需求,而且与此同时也需要完成手头的咨询项目。正如之前提到的,咨询项目往往都有着严格的时间线规定和研究大纲,因此项目管理也是一门必不可少的技能。

相比之前在道达尔从事比较单一的油气藏建模研究而言,我在标普全球能源咨询团队所涉及的研究内容也更为丰富一些,近些年来我们的研究内容包含了深水油气田勘探开发研究、前沿油气勘探开发技术调研、数字油气田、能源投资决策尽调、能源市场收并购调研及“碳捕集、利用和封存技术CCUS”的调研,等等。

8. 听你分享感觉在咨询行业的工作会更加丰富有趣些,但是consulting总归是consulting,你觉得做咨询比较苦恼的地方在哪里?

因为咨询项目往往需要紧跟客户当下的需求,或许也是因为一般的现成的研究报告已经无法满足客户的要求和定制化解决方案,所以咨询项目有时候需要研究和分析的数据往往难以简单的获得,很多时候需要通过其他相关联的的数据或者信息进行推算或者加入很多合理假设,所以有时候会信息或者数据的获取比较棘手。

另外,咨询项目往往和客户需要开展的某项业务平行的进行,例如客户可能正在着手开展某项投资项目的可行性研究,而请到我们做技术相关的尽调研究。所以客户的需要往往也会随着时间发生改变,有时候可能会提出一些他们看似简单但确需要我们投入很多人力和时间要求,如何最好的满足客户的额外需求但是同时保证项目内原定工作量的完成也是往往需要面对的棘手问题。

但是其实在完成一个个咨询项目的过程中也会有很多rewarding的瞬间,例如我们在咨询项目中给客户提出的建议被他们采纳并付诸现实,并且帮助客户取得了很好的收益汇报。我们往往也会在咨询项目中帮助客户建立一些解决问题的流程和方法,也经常会被客户采纳并融入到他们日常的业务流程之中。

所以怎么说呢,咨询其实是一个令人爱恨交加的行业或者工作吧。

9. 最后和我们分享一下你们行业近期的大事件吧?

去年俄乌冲突的爆发,我们看到了世界能源转型的进程的加速,许多国家开启了加强支持可再生能源的政策,包括欧盟委员会提出“REPowerEU”计划,美国提出的“通胀削减法案(Inflation Reduction Act)“等等都推动了全球新能源产业链发展的进程。

但是与此同时,大家可能忽略了另外一个能源行业大事件:2022年全球煤炭消费和燃煤发电均创历史新高。据国际能源署(IEA)和标普全球大宗商品的研究调查,俄乌战争极大地改变了2022年煤炭市场的价格水平以及供需格局,2022年全球煤炭的总体需求将增长超过1%,达到历史新高。

欧洲是受能源危机影响最严重的地区之一。由于天气条件,水力和核电产量下降,也给欧洲的电力系统带来了额外的压力。作为应对,部分欧洲国家增加了煤炭发电,一些已关闭或处于备用状态的煤炭厂重新进入市场。与此同时,中国、印度、印度尼西亚等煤炭生产、消费大国也创下历史新高。举个例子,自2007年以来,印度的煤炭消费量翻了一番,年增长率达到了惊人的6%,并将继续成为全球煤炭需求的增长引擎。再举个例子,印尼作为全球第三大煤炭生产国,2022年的煤炭的产量也创下了历史新高。

10. 播客开头你也提到自己之前对化石能源的刻板印象。虽然现在全球能源转型加速,但也因为种种原因我们对化石能源的依赖居高不下。我身边很多在传统能源领域工作的朋友们总是自嘲自己在“夕阳行业”,尽管他们完全不需要担心失去工作的问题,这一点你是怎么想的呢?

正如我在播客一开始提到的那样,全球的发展是必然趋势,在因此带来的能源需求不断攀升的情景下,如何合理的使用石油天然气作为一个“过渡能源”,来帮助人们从高污染高排放的煤炭能源消耗过渡到新能源,是一个相当重要的话题。

能源转型需要循序渐进,新能源的投入不但要满足能源需求的增长,也需要填补逐步被淘汰的传统化石能源需求的空缺。因此,个人认为,在新能源尚未形成安全可靠的替代态势之前,传统化石能源仍将占据重要位置。合理地利用石油和天然气资源作为“过渡燃料”,加上科学、适当的开展一些碳捕集、利用和封存项目,是完成全球碳中和事业必不可少的一部分。