440. The Fiberoptic Breakthrough: Hopkins, Hirschowitz, and the Flexible Scope
Release Date: 01/21/2026
447. Surgical Management of Rectal Cancer - Part 2 NOTES
Surgery 101
PDF Notes for Surgery 101 episode on Surgical Management of Rectal Cancer - Part 2
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447. Surgical Management of Rectal Cancer - Part 2
Surgery 101
After listening to this podcast, learners will be able to: 1. Describe the anatomy and blood supply of the distal colon and rectum. 2. List what is resected and what is reconnected during a low anterior resection. 3. Describe the major differences between a low anterior resection and an abdominoperineal resection, and the indications for each. 4. Outline risk factors for anastomotic leak after a low anterior resection.
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446. Surgical Management of Colorectal Cancer – Part 1
Surgery 101
After listening to this podcast, learners will be able to: 1. Describe the anatomy and blood supply of the proximal colon. 2. Outline the principles of resection for colon cancer. 3. List what is resected and what is reconnected during a right hemicolectomy. 4. Describe what is required for a successful anastomosis in colorectal surgery.
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446. Surgical Management of Colorectal Cancer – Part 1 NOTES
Surgery 101
PDF Notes for Surgery 101 episode on Surgical Management of Colorectal Cancer – Part 1
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445. Recognizing Stomas
Surgery 101
After listening to this podcast, learners will be able to: 1. Describe different types of stomas, including ileostomy, colostomy, urostomy, and mucus fistula. 2. Explain the indications for a permanent versus temporary ostomy. 3. Evaluate the type of stoma a patient has based on clinical history, location, appearance, and output.
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445. Recognizing Stomas NOTES
Surgery 101
PDF Notes for Surgery 101 episode on Recognizing Stomas
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444. Laryngeal Cancer
Surgery 101
Today, we’re going to discuss the topic of laryngeal cancer, a difficult head and neck cancer which has significantly improved prognosis if caught early. Laryngeal cancer is a type of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, or HNSCC for short. It typically arises from the epithelial lining of the larynx. After listening to this podcast, learners will be able to understand what laryngeal cancer is, risk factors of laryngeal cancer, common presentations of laryngeal cancer, basics of its diagnosis and treatment, and finally mimics of laryngeal cancer.
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444. Laryngeal Cancer NOTES
Surgery 101
PDF Notes for Surgery 101 episode on Laryngeal Cancer.
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443. Neck Dissection
Surgery 101
After listening to this podcast, you should be able to: Describe the basic anatomy of lymph nodes in the neck List 4 different types of neck dissections, and what they entail Be able to identify common complications of neck dissection Outline the initial management of the common complications of neck dissection
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443. Neck Dissection NOTES
Surgery 101
PDF Notes for Surgery 101 episode on Neck Dissection.
info_outlineBy the mid-20th century, endoscopy and laparoscopy were ready for major advancement. Although instruments had evolved into semi-flexible designs, visualization was still limited by glass optics and heat-producing light sources. A breakthrough toward fully flexible, high-resolution imaging emerged through the combined demands of surgery and advances in optical physics, driven by the pioneering work of Harold Hopkins and Basil Hirschowitz.