Littoral Zone #14 - How Lakes Work with Brian Chan and Phil Rowley
Wet Fly Swing Fly Fishing Podcast
Release Date: 01/20/2025
880 | Freshwater Flats Fishing for Giant Northern Pike with Nick Elcheson from Scott Lake Lodge
Wet Fly Swing Fly Fishing Podcast
#880 Show Notes: Presented By: , , Sponsors: There’s a point in fly fishing where casting stops being the hard part, and decision-making takes over. In this episode, Dave Stewart is joined by Nick Elcheson from Scott Lake Lodge to break down sight fishing Northern Pike in shallow water, where patience, positioning, and timing matter more than power. Nick explains why fly fishing for pike is essentially freshwater flats fishing, how seasonal water temperature controls fish location, and why waiting for the right fish often leads to better outcomes than covering water. You’ll...
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879 | Alaska Trout Nymphing with Orion Good of Fishhound Expeditions
Wet Fly Swing Fly Fishing Podcast
#879 Show Notes: Presented by: In this episode, I’m joined by Orion Good, a Fishhound Expeditions guide who’s quietly dialing in what actually works when the salmon don’t show and the bead bite disappears. We dig into nymphing in Alaska trout nymphing, why the Duracell fly keeps producing when nothing else does, and how Orion locates fish in constantly changing systems. If you’ve ever wondered how to stay effective in Alaska when conditions shift, this one’s packed with real-world guide insight. Show Notes:
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878 | Brook Trout Fishing in Newfoundland with Les Wentzell of Mountain Waters Resort
Wet Fly Swing Fly Fishing Podcast
#878b Show Notes: Presented by: When people think about Newfoundland fly fishing, Atlantic salmon usually steal the spotlight. But tucked into the same rivers and lakes are some of the hardest-fighting brook trout you’ll ever see, including sea-run fish pushing three to five pounds. In this episode, I sat down with Les Wentzell to walk through brook trout fishing. We dug into timing, locations, flies, wind tactics, and why a simple dead-drift can outfish flashy presentations. If you’re heading to Newfoundland for salmon, this episode opens the door to a second...
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878 | How Fly Rods Are Really Designed: Inside St. Croix with Zack Dalton
Wet Fly Swing Fly Fishing Podcast
878 Show Notes: Presented by: , , , Today, we’re digging into how fly rods are really designed. Not the marketing side, but what really goes into the design, the testing, and why some rods last for decades while others fall apart. Zac Dalton from St. Croix Rods is on the podcast today, and he walks us through how fly rods are designed from the ground up. We talk about rod action and why faster is not always better, what durability really means for anglers who fish hard, and how different actions change the way a rod fishes and casts. We also get into...
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877 | Fly Fishing the Surf with Frank Vargas - Corbina, Surf Perch, Leopard Sharks
Wet Fly Swing Fly Fishing Podcast
#877 Show Notes: Presented By: , , , Sponsors: Fly fishing in Southern California looks nothing like a mountain river—and that’s exactly why it works. In this episode, Frank Vargas breaks down how surf fly fishing actually functions, from reading tides and beach structure to understanding how species like perch, corbina, and leopard sharks use shallow water to feed and travel. Frank shares how incoming and negative tides reveal feeding lanes, why anglers often walk past productive water, and how sight fishing in the surf can feel more like targeting carp than blind casting waves....
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876 | How to Build an Adventure Vehicle with Matt Dunkerly of AVC Rig
Wet Fly Swing Fly Fishing Podcast
#876 Show Notes: Presented by: Most adventure rigs look great online. Fewer are built for real miles, real weather, and those long fishing days that end well after dark. In this episode, I sit down with Matt Dunkerly to talk about building camper vans that actually work for anglers. Matt runs Adventure Vehicle Concepts, and his approach is refreshingly practical. This isn’t about Instagram builds or overcomplicating things. It’s about access, simplicity, and designing a rig that helps you fish more without getting in your own way. If you’ve been thinking about a van for fly...
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Streamer Season in the Ozarks with Chad Johnson (CJ's Reel Southern Podcast #10)
Wet Fly Swing Fly Fishing Podcast
Show Notes: Presented by: Streamer season is officially here in the Ozarks, and this one is all about slowing things down and fishing with intention. January kicks off the most aggressive window of the year, especially for big browns and smallmouth, and today Chad Johnson is digging deep into how they approach it. He walks us through why post-spawn is such a key window for them, how aggression bites drive streamer eats, and why presentation matters more than fly choice. If you fish the Ozarks (or any tailwater with changing flows) this is one you’ll want to bookmark. Show Notes:
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875 | Phil Monahan on Simplifying Fly Fishing for Beginners
Wet Fly Swing Fly Fishing Podcast
Show Notes: Https://wetfyswing.com/875 Sponsors: and Sponsors:https://wetflyswing.com/sponsors Fly fishing doesn’t fall apart because it’s too hard. It falls apart because there’s too much going on at once. Too many rods, too many flies, too many opinions, and not enough clarity about what actually matters on day one. In this episode, I sat down with Phil Monahan to strip fly fishing back to its essentials. Phil’s spent decades teaching, writing, guiding, and answering the same beginner questions over and over. His takeaway is simple. Most new anglers don’t fail because...
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874 | How Grundéns Turned Commercial Fishing Survival Gear into Fly Fishing Essentials
Wet Fly Swing Fly Fishing Podcast
Show Notes: Https://wetfyswing.com/874 Sponsors: , , and Sponsors:https://wetflyswing.com/sponsors Most fly fishing gear is built for comfort. Some of it is built for performance. But very little of it is built with the assumption that conditions can turn from “kinda crappy” to “this could go bad” in a hurry. That’s where Grundéns comes in. In this episode, I sat down with Justin Waters, who’s right in the middle of translating nearly 100 years of commercial fishing toughness into gear that guides, steelheaders, and fly anglers lean on when the weather goes...
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873 | Fly Fishing Entomology Made Simple with Sawyer Finley
Wet Fly Swing Fly Fishing Podcast
873 Show Notes: Presented by: This episode breaks entomology down into something you can actually use. Sawyer Finley, guide at Grand Teton Fly Fishing, explains how insects live, move, and emerge—and how trout respond to that reality, not just to textbook hatches. The focus is on observation, timing, and availability, not memorization. Show Notes:
info_outline#708 Show Notes: https://wetflyswing.com/708
Presented By: TroutRoutes, On DeMark Lodge, Stonefly Nets, Grand Teton Fly Fishing
If you want to have more success fly fishing lakes, you need a good understanding of how lakes work—knowing how lakes work helps you get to the right spot at the right time, no matter the season.
You’ve probably heard the saying that 90% of the fish live in 10% of the water, and it’s true for lakes just like rivers and streams!
In this two-part series on how lakes work, Phil Rowley and Brian Chan break down everything you need to know about fishing lakes effectively.
About our Guest
Brian has spent over 30 years as a fisheries biologist for the provincial government, specializing in managing trout lakes in the interior regions of British Columbia. Over the years, he worked on hundreds of lakes, managing them, stocking them, setting regulations, and carrying out habitat protection and enhancement work.
Brian is also an ambassador for several fly fishing and boating companies, including Scientific Anglers, Sage Fly Rods, Islander Reels, Marlin Boats, Semperfli Fly Tying Materials, and Daiichi Hooks.
He is a passionate fly fisher and fly designer, and together with Phil, they’ve put their expertise to good use through their online fly shop.
Check out Brian and Phil's Stillwater Fly Fishing Store.
Episode Chapters with Brian Chan on How Lakes Work
Lakes aren’t all the same, and knowing how they work is key to becoming a better stillwater angler. Here’s what you’ll learn in this episode:
Lake Productivity and pH
Three Lake Classifications
Different Zones in a Lake
Lake Productivity and pH
pH is a scale that measures how acidic or alkaline a lake is, with 1 being super acidic and 14 being super alkaline. The pH level affects the water chemistry, impacting how well the lake supports aquatic life, from insects to fish.
What’s the Ideal pH for Trout Lakes?
The best pH for trout lakes is between 8 and 9.2. This is the sweet spot for plant growth and lots of invertebrates, which are food for trout. If the pH exceeds 9.2, the water becomes too salty for trout, and it would not be easy for them to survive.
For example, lakes like Pyramid Lake have a pH above 9, which is perfect for Lahontan cutthroat trout but challenging for rainbow trout. The pH scale is logarithmic, meaning small changes in pH can make a big difference in fish survival.
Brian explains that pH levels in lakes aren’t always the same and can change over time due to several factors:
Spring snowmelt helps keep lakes balanced by flushing in nutrients, but the lake can get too salty without it.
Human activities like logging can change water flow and impact the lake’s chemistry.
Climate change is also a significant factor, as some areas aren’t getting the same snowmelt they used to, causing pH to rise.
Marl and Chara Shoal
How Lakes Work: Three Lake Classifications
Lakes can be divided into three categories: oligotrophic, mesotrophic, and eutrophic. These classifications help us understand which lakes are better for fishing and support healthy fish populations.
Knowing the type of lake helps anglers figure out why one lake might be an excellent spot for big trout, and another might not be as productive.
Oligotrophic Lakes
Oligotrophic lakes are big, deep, and well-oxygenated, with lots of water flowing in and out. The flushing rate in these lakes is high, meaning the water changes quickly, so there isn’t much shallow water for plants to grow.
Because of this, these lakes have limited food sources for trout. Fish here mostly survive by eating other fish, not just insects.
Mesotrophic Lakes
Mesotrophic lakes are a step up from oligotrophic lakes in terms of productivity. They’re still large but a bit shallower, and they often have small rivers or creeks flowing in and out. The lake has a bit more shoal areas or littoral zones, so some plant life grows in those shallow water areas.
Eutrophic Lakes
Eutrophic lakes are the gold standard when it comes to trout fishing. They’re shallow, nutrient-rich, and full of life. These lakes are often less than 50-60 feet deep and have lots of shallow areas for plants to grow.
These lakes' flushing rate is slow, so they stay nutrient-rich for longer. Chironomid fishing is also incredible here due to the muddy bottoms.
Different Zones in a Lake
Lakes have different zones, and understanding them helps anglers know where to fish at various times of the year.
Littoral Zone
The littoral zone, or shoal area, is the shallow water at the lake's edge. This is where sunlight can penetrate to the bottom to create photosynthesis. It’s usually 7 to 8 meters deep.
The littoral zone is where all the vegetation grows and where trout and other fish species feed, particularly in the spring to early summer and again in the fall, right until freeze-up.
This is the zone where we spend the bulk of our fishing time—whether it's 5 feet of water or 22, 23 feet of water—this is the prime area.
Limnetic Zone
The limnetic zone is the open water area in the middle of the lake, just beyond the littoral zone. Here, sunlight still penetrates, but it doesn’t reach the bottom. This means there’s no vegetation growing like in the shallows, but it’s still a prime habitat for zooplankton, which trout love to eat.
Although this zone has less food diversity, the zooplankton and deep-water hatches make it an essential spot for fish. In the warmer months, fish move out of the shallow water and into the limnetic zone, where the oxygen levels are better and the water is cooler. This is when fishing techniques like using blob patterns can be incredibly effective.
Thermocline
The thermocline is a transition layer between the warm upper water and cooler deeper water. It’s usually a narrow band, about a meter in depth, where there's a sudden drop in temperature.
The thermocline keeps the colder water from mixing with the warmer water, which is why the deeper parts of the lake stay cool and oxygenated. Fish often move from the shallow waters to sit just above the thermocline, where they find cooler water and better oxygen levels, especially during hot summer months.
Profundal Zone
Beneath the thermocline in deeper lakes, there’s another zone called the hypolimnion, the cold, deep water layer. It's the bottom part of the lake that remains cool and doesn’t mix with the warmer upper waters
Remember, all lakes are different, but understanding lake structure makes your fishing day more successful and enjoyable!
Show Notes: https://wetflyswing.com/708