AnesthesiaExam Podcast

David Rosenblum, MD, creator of AnesthesiaExam.com and ABAstagedExam.com discusses anesthesiology board prep and issues relevant to anesthesiologists.

Will JOURNAVX™ (Suzetrigine) appear on the Anesthesia Boards 04/17/2025

Will JOURNAVX™ (Suzetrigine) appear on the Anesthesia Boards Summary At some point this medication may show its face on the Anesthesia boards. Whether or not Suzetrigine will appear on the Anesthesiology boards, all of us need to know about this new class of analgesic. Brought to you by NRAP Academy, home of the Here, Dr. David Rosenblum delivered a comprehensive lecture about a new pain medication called Journavx (Suzetrigine). He discussed its mechanism of action as a NAV 1.8 receptor inhibitor, its clinical applications, contraindications, and dosing guidelines. Dr. Rosenblum emphasized that this non-opioid medication represents a new class of pain management drugs with no addiction potential. He also shared information about upcoming educational events, including ultrasound courses and various pain management conferences. The lecture included detailed information about drug interactions, safety considerations, and clinical trial results comparing Journavx to placebo and hydrocodone-acetaminophen combinations. Key findings from clinical trials showed that Jornavix achieved pain relief in 119 minutes compared to 480 minutes for placebo in abdominoplasty trials, and 240 minutes versus 480 minutes in bunionectomy trials. The recommended dosing is 50mg tablets twice daily, with an initial loading dose of 100mg. While the drug showed promising results for moderate to severe acute pain management, it did not demonstrate superiority over hydrocodone in clinical trials. Important contraindications include CYP3A inhibitors, and special considerations are needed for patients with hepatic impairment or those taking hormonal contraceptives. The medication should be taken on an empty stomach, either one hour before or two hours after food, and patients should avoid grapefruit juice while on this medication. Chapters Introduction and Upcoming Events Dr. Rosenblum announced several upcoming events, including an ultrasound course in New York City on May 17th, 2025. He mentioned offering ultrasound and IV training for healthcare professionals, particularly nurses, ICUs, PAs, and hospital doctors. He also highlighted upcoming conferences including ASPN, Pain Week, Latin American Pain Society, New York, New Jersey Pain Congress, ASIPP, and EPA. Introduction to Journavx (Suzetrigine) Dr. Rosenblum introduced Suzetrigine (Journavx), a new 50mg tablet medication. He emphasized that this discussion was not sponsored by any pharmaceutical company but rather focused on educating about a new class of pain medication. He noted its potential importance as a future board examination topic. Mechanism of Action Dr. Rosenblum explained that Jornavx works by inhibiting the NAV 1.8 receptor. He detailed how the drug blocks sodium ions from entering pain-sensing neurons, disrupting action potential initiation and propagation. He emphasized that the drug is highly selective, binding over 31,000 times more selectively to NAV 1.8 than other NAV subtypes. Contraindications and Drug Interactions Dr. Rosenblum outlined various contraindications, particularly focusing on CYP3A inhibitors and inducers. He listed specific medications in each category and emphasized the importance of careful monitoring when prescribing Journavx alongside these medications. Clinical Trial Results and Dosing Guidelines Dr. Rosenblum presented clinical trial results showing Journavx's effectiveness in treating moderate to severe acute pain. He detailed the dosing guidelines: 50mg tablets twice daily, with an initial loading dose of 100mg. He emphasized the importance of taking the medication on an empty stomach and avoiding grapefruit juice. Q&A No Q&A session in this lecture /episode/index/show/anesthesiaexampodcast/id/36204390

Future of Pain, Board Prep & more! Hamed Sadeghipour, MD 03/31/2025

Future of Pain, Board Prep & more! Hamed Sadeghipour, MD Summary The video covers a conversation between Dr. David Rosenblum and Dr. Hamed Sadeghipour, discussing board preparation experiences and the current state of pain management practice. Dr. Rosenblum begins by announcing upcoming events, including a May 17th ultrasound course in New York City and his lectures at various conferences. He also mentions shadowing opportunities at his office. Dr. Sadeghipour shares his board preparation experience, discussing three main resources he used: Huntoon book (800 questions), Board Vitals (700 questions), and Pain Exam. He achieved notably high scores using these resources. Regarding his current practice, Dr. Sadeghipour describes working both in academic anesthesia (40-50% time) and private pain practice, managing four offices with four nurse practitioners The discussion then shifts to the changing landscape of pain management, with both doctors noting concerning trends: increasing focus on surgery center procedures over office-based ones due to reimbursement differences, the challenge of maintaining competency in advanced procedures, and competition from non-specialists entering the field. They also discuss the future of the specialty, suggesting it's moving toward becoming a hybrid of neurosurgery and orthopedic surgery with traditional pain management procedures. For pain medicine Board Prep go to For ultraound training go to Highlights Introduction and Upcoming Events Dr. Rosenblum introduces the podcast and announces several upcoming events, including an ultrasound course in New York City on May 17th, appearances at ASPN and Pain Week conferences, and opportunities for shadowing at his practice. Board Preparation Experience Discussion Dr. Sadeghipour details his board preparation strategy using three main resources: Huntoon book (800 questions), Board Vitals (700 questions), and Pain Exam(700 questions videos, lectures, ultrasound training, regenerative medicine training and more). He explains the strengths and limitations of each resource and mentions achieving exceptionally high scores. Current Practice Structure Dr. Sadeghipour describes his dual practice model: Evolution of Pain Management Practice Both doctors discuss the shifting landscape of pain management, noting increased focus on surgery center procedures, reimbursement challenges, and competition from non-specialists. They address concerns about fellowship training adequacy and the financial pressures affecting new practitioners. Future of Pain Management Specialty The discussion concludes with perspectives on the specialty's future, suggesting it's evolving toward a combination of minimally invasive spine surgery and traditional pain management, with concerns about maintaining specialty integrity and the need for stronger regulatory oversight. /episode/index/show/anesthesiaexampodcast/id/35933335

USG Cervical Nerve Root Block and more about PRP! 03/12/2025

Scrambler Therapy for Neuropathic Pain: An Interview with Dr. Thomas Strouse 02/21/2025

Scrambler Therapy for Neuropathic Pain: An Interview with Dr. Thomas Strouse Episode Summary: In this episode of NRAP's PainExam Podcast, host David Rosenblum, MD, interviews Dr. Thomas Strouse about his extensive experience with Scrambler Therapy and the evidence supporting its use in treating chronic pain. They delve into the intricacies of this innovative therapy, discussing treatment protocols, patient responses, and the overall effectiveness of Scrambler Therapy for various pain conditions. Key Topics Discussed: - Overview of Scrambler Therapy and its analgesic response. - The importance of adjusting treatment intensity based on patient feedback. - Sensations experienced by patients during therapy (from burning to tapping). - Safety considerations for patients with pacemakers during treatment. - Insights into the effectiveness of Scrambler Therapy for conditions such as discogenic back pain and peripheral neuropathy. - Discussion on treatment costs for patients and providers. - Experiences with patients who have experienced pain recurrence after treatment. - The role of booster sessions in maintaining pain relief. - Challenges faced by failed back surgery patients and the potential benefits of Scrambler Therapy. Resources Mentioned: - Contact information for Stefan Erickson at to integrate Scrambler therapy into your practice. Links to additional resources and research on Scrambler Therapy. Info] Additional Information: - For more information about upcoming webinars, including the next session on cervical ultrasound, visit Thank you for tuning in to NRAP's PainExam Podcast! We hope you find the insights shared in this episode valuable in your journey toward understanding and managing chronic pain. NY based anesthesiologist, David Rosenblum, MD, is one of the first interventional pain physicians in the country to integrate ultrasound guidance into his pain practice. Since 2007, he has been an international leader in the treatment of chronic pain. He has helped countless of patients suffering from back, neck, knee, shoulder, hip joint pain and has been at the forefront of regenerative pain medicine, minimally invasive pain therapies and medical education. Patients can schedule a consultation by going to www.AABPpain.com or calling: Brooklyn Office 718 436 7246 Creators Biography: David Rosenblum, MD, currently treats patients in Garden City and Brooklyn. He serves as the Director of Pain Management at Maimonides Medical Center and AABP Integrative Pain Care. As a member of the Department of Anesthesiology, he is involved in teaching, research, CME activities, and was key faculty in developing the anesthesiology residency's regional anesthesia block rotation, as well as institutional wide acute and chronic pain management protocols to ensure safe and effective pain management. He currently is a managing partner in a multi-physician private pain practice, AABP Integrative Pain Care, located in Brooklyn , NY. He is one of the earliest interventional pain physicians to integrate ultrasound guidance to improve the safety and accuracy of interventional pain procedures. Dr. Rosenblum has been named several times in NY Magazine's Best Pain Management Doctor List, Nassau County’s Best Pain Physician, has appeared on NY1 News, and has made several appearances on XM Radio's Doctor Talk. He currently is working closely with the American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians (ASIPP), Eastern Pain Association (EPA), the North American Neuromodulation Society (NANS), World Academy of Pain Medicine United, and various state societies, to support educational events and develop new courses. Since 2008, he has helped over 3000 physicians pass the Pain Management Boards, and has been at the forefront of utilizing ultrasound guidance to perform pain procedures. He now hosts the PainExam podcast, AnesthesiaExam Podcast, PMRExam Podcasts and uses this platform to promote the safe and effective use of ultrasound in the performance of various procedures such as Peripheral Nerve Stimulation, Caudal Epidurals, Selective Nerve Root Blocks, Cluneal Nerve Blocks, Ganglion impar Blocks, Stellate Ganglion Blocks, Brachial Plexus Blocks, Joint Injections and much more! Doctor Rosenblum is a co-founder of the International Pain Academy and created the NRAP (Neuromodulation Regional Anesthesia and Pain) Academy and travels to teach various courses focused on Pain Medicine, Regenerative Medicine, Ultrasound Guided Pain Procedures and Regional Anesthesia Techniques. Office based Pain Physicians, Physiatrists, Emergency Room Physicians, Anesthesiologists, Neurologists and Orthopedics who treat pain, utilize Neuromodulation and use PRP, Bone Marrow Aspirate or any other Biologics will benefit from this course. #longislandpaindoctor #interventionalpain #paindoctor #scrambler #scramblertherapy /episode/index/show/anesthesiaexampodcast/id/35219440

Phillip Kim, MD and the Federation for Pain Care Access 02/07/2025

Phillip Kim, MD and the Federation for Pain Care Access Host: David Rosenblum, MD Guest: Phillip Kim, MD Date: January 24, 2025 Time: 6:30 AM Episode Summary: In this episode of the PainExam Podcast, Dr. David Rosenblum engages with Dr. Phillip Kim to discuss the Federation Pain Care Access, a newly formed organization advocating for improved access to interventional pain treatments. The episode delves into the challenges posed by restrictive insurance coverage policies and the collaborative efforts needed to address these issues effectively. Key Discussion Points: -Introduction to Federation Pain Care Access: A new entity focused on advocating for emergent and standard care in interventional pain treatments, aiming to enhance access through advocacy and legislative solutions. - Impact of Restrictive Policies: Dr. Kim highlights how insurance carriers like Evicor, AIM, and Optum impose restrictive coverage policies that harm patients and practitioners, particularly amid the ongoing opioid epidemic. AIM, Optum and Evicore are not insurance carriers. these are separate entities which oversee utilization management and prior auth requests for insurance carriers (HMO, TPA's etc) e g. BCBS plans, UHS etc. Prior Authorization Challenges: Discussion on the AMA 2022 Prior Authorization Physician Survey, which indicates significant negative impacts on patient care due to prior authorization processes. - Case Studies: Dr. Kim shares specific cases where patients faced harm due to denied claims, including issues related to medical cannabis and necessary medical equipment. - Collaboration with Medical Societies: The Federation works alongside various pain societies and stakeholders to address common concerns and push for better coverage policies. - Future Goals Plans for meetings with CMS and Medicare Administrative Contractors (MACs) regarding specific treatments like SI joint radiofrequency ablation, aiming to improve coverage and access. Fundraising and Outreach: The Federation seeks to grow its membership and funding through outreach to allied health professionals and patient care groups while launching a media campaign to raise awareness of patient struggles Legal and Advocacy Efforts: Emphasis on the need for legal considerations in advocacy efforts and the importance of public support in achieving the Federation's goals. - The No Pain Act: Discussion on recent legislation aimed at expanding access to non-opioid treatments and alternatives for chronic pain management. Guest Bio: Phillip Kim, MD is a leading advocate for pain care access and a founding member of the Federation Pain Care Access. He brings extensive experience in managing chronic pain patients and navigating healthcare policies. Resources Federation Pain Care Access Website: # board Listeners are encouraged to support the Federation Pain Care Access by visiting their website to learn more about their initiatives and consider contributing to help advance their mission. Join Dr. Rosenblum and Dr. Kim in this vital conversation about the ongoing efforts to improve pain care access and the importance of collaboration in overcoming the challenges faced by patients and healthcare providers. Long island based anesthesiologist, David Rosenblum, MD, is one of the first interventional pain physicians in the country to integrate ultrasound guidance into his pain practice. Since 2007, he has been an international leader in the treatment of chronic pain. He has helped countless of patients suffering from back, neck, knee, shoulder, hip joint pain and has been at the forefront of regenerative pain medicine, minimally invasive pain therapies and medical education. Patients can schedule a consultation by going to www.AABPpain.com or calling: Brooklyn Office 718 436 7246 Garden City Office 516 482 7246 /episode/index/show/anesthesiaexampodcast/id/35053565

Spravato: Integrating Esketamine for Depression into your Practice. Sponsored by Big Leap Health 01/24/2025

Spravato: Integrating Esketamine for Depression into your Practice. Sponsored by Big Leap Health Unlock new, well-reimbursed services: Spravato, a needle-mover for pain practices. Discover how Spravato, an FDA-approved esketamine treatment for depression, can drive significant financial reimbursement for your practice while improving patient outcomes. Join me as I meet with Yakov Kagan, CEO and co-founder of , as he highlights the clinical efficacy of Spravato, its comparison to ketamine, and its financial impact. Learn key considerations for launching—whether independently or via an MSO—and actionable steps to get started, from staff training to billing essentials. Yakov will also share insights into future developments like monotherapy developments, helping your practice stay ahead in this rapidly evolving field. For more information and to integrate Spravato into your Pain Practice go to Host David Rosenblum, MD Long island based anesthesiologist, David Rosenblum, MD, is one of the first interventional pain physicians in the country to integrate ultrasound guidance into his pain practice. Since 2007, he has been an international leader in the treatment of chronic pain. He has helped countless of patients suffering from back, neck, knee, shoulder, hip joint pain and has been at the forefront of regenerative pain medicine, minimally invasive pain therapies and medical education. Patients can schedule a consultation by going to www.AABPpain.com or calling: Brooklyn Office 718 436 7246 Garden City Office 516 482 7246 NRAP Academy also offers: Board Review Regenerative Medicine Training The (online training program with discount to live workshops) Regional Anesthesia & Pain Ultrasound Course Private Training Available Email **Disclaimer:** The information presented in this podcast is for educational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Always consult a healthcare professional for medical concerns. /episode/index/show/anesthesiaexampodcast/id/34991950

Cancer, Pain and Ketamine plus a Free Ultrasound and Pain Webinar Series! 01/10/2025

Cancer, Pain and Ketamine plus a Free Ultrasound and Pain Webinar Series! Episode Title: Ketamine for Cancer and Pain Management - Journal Club Host: David Rosenblum, MD Upcoming Free Webinars: 1. Exploring Innovative Mental Health Treatments which are well reimbursed Discussing Spravato, Transmagnetic Stimulation, and Ketamine Infusion, sponsored by Big Leap Health. 2. Understanding Scrambler Therapy Learn about this revolutionary approach to pain management. 3. Cervical Ultrasound: Anatomy and Interventional Pain Targets Sponsored by Clarius, this session will explore advanced imaging techniques. Sign up for the webinars and check out our f Join us for this insightful episode as we explore the potential of ketamine in transforming pain management practices! Summary In today's episode, we delve into the emerging role of ketamine in managing cancer and chronic pain. Our discussion is anchored around a comprehensive review article titled "Ketamine Use for Cancer and Chronic Pain Management," published in Frontiers in Pharmacology on February 1, 2021. This review, authored by Clayton Culp, Hee Kee Kim, and Salahadin Abdi, explores ketamine's potential as an analgesic in chronic pain conditions, particularly cancer-related neuropathic pain. Key Points from the Review Article: - Mechanism of Action: Ketamine functions as an N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, providing analgesic effects at sub-anesthetic doses. Its ability to counteract central nervous system sensitization makes it effective in opioid-induced hyperalgesia. - Clinical Efficacy: Recent studies highlight ketamine's potential to reduce pain scores and opioid consumption, offering a promising alternative for patients with refractory pain. - Safety Profile: At lower doses used for analgesia, ketamine's safety and adverse event profile are significantly improved compared to its use as an anesthetic. - Pharmacogenomics and Interactions: The article discusses how genetic variations can affect ketamine metabolism and highlights potential drug interactions that clinicians should be aware of. Reference /episode/index/show/anesthesiaexampodcast/id/34800185

Evidence-Based Pain Medicine with Guilherme Ferreira Dos Santos, MD of Barcelona 01/02/2025

Evidence-Based Pain Medicine with Guilherme Ferreira Dos Santos, MD of Barcelona Episode Title: Evidence-Based Regenerative Pain Medicine with Guilherme Ferreira Dos Santos, MD CIPS Host: David Rosenblum Guest: Guilherme Ferreira Dos Santos, MD CIPS Episode Overview: In this insightful episode of the PainExam Podcast, Dr. David Rosenblum sits down with Dr. Guilherme Ferreira Dos Santos, a distinguished expert in pain medicine who is well known for his research, educational endeavors and expertise in Regenerative Pain Medicine and Ultrasound-Guided interventions. Together, they delve into the evolving landscape of regenerative pain medicine, focusing on evidence-based practices and the standardization of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) quality. Key Topics Discussed: - Evidence-Based Regenerative Pain Medicine: An exploration of current research and practices that inform effective pain management strategies. - PRP Quality and Standardization: Discussion on the importance of PRP quality in treatment outcomes and the need for standardized protocols. - Ultrasound-Guided Spine Interventions: Insights into the benefits and techniques of ultrasound guidance in performing spinal interventions, including a conversation on avoiding cervical epidurals. - Access to Pain Care: A comparative analysis of the differences in access to pain care across Portugal, Spain, the USA, and Canada, highlighting challenges and opportunities in each region. - Pain Expo Dubai: An overview of the upcoming Pain Expo in Dubai, where both Dr. Rosenblum and Dr. Ferreira Dos Santos will be presenting, sharing their expertise with a global audience. Guest Biography: Dr. Guilherme Ferreira Dos Santos is an Interventional Pain Medicine Specialist and Clinical Scientist with a career spanning Portugal, the United States, Canada, and Spain. He began his journey at the University of Lisbon, earning his Medical Degree in 2014, followed by a five-year residency program in Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, which he completed in 2020. His fascination with Interventional Pain Medicine led him to the Department of Pain Medicine at Mayo Clinic, where he served as an Invited Clinical Research Scholar in 2018 and 2021 under the mentorship of Dr. Mark Friedrich Hurdle. At Mayo Clinic, he contributed to refining ultrasound-guided techniques for chronic spinal pain. Dr. Ferreira dos Santos further advanced his expertise with a Clinical Fellowship in Chronic Pain Medicine at the University of Toronto in 2022, training under esteemed mentors such as Dr. Anuj Bhatia, Dr. Paul Tumber, and Dr. Philip Peng. In this role, he was instrumental in advancing education on ultrasound-guided techniques nationally and internationally, which deepened his clinical skills and passion for mentorship. Currently based in Barcelona, Dr. Ferreira Dos Santos serves as the Senior Specialist and Responsible Clinical Lead for the Education and Training Excellence Center in Pain Medicine at Hospital Clínic de Barcelona. He is also the Director of the Clinical Fellowship Program in Interventional Pain Medicine. Throughout his career, he has lectured at international conferences in over 25 countries and authored more than 35 peer-reviewed Q1 articles. His contributions have earned him several accolades, including the 2018 Grant for Young Clinical Researcher of the Year in Pain Medicine from the Grünenthal Foundation, the 2020 Gofeld Academic Scholarship Award, and the 2022 Nikolai Bogduk Young Investigator Grant. His journey across four countries has shaped his approach to clinical care, research, and mentorship, fueling his mission to improve pain management globally. Listen to the Episode: Tune in to gain valuable insights from Dr. Ferreira Dos Santos and learn more about the future of pain medicine. Available on all major podcast platforms. Links and Resources: - - Follow Dr. David Rosenblum on and - Follow Dr. Guilherme Ferreira Dos Santos on Join the Conversation: We encourage our listeners to reach out with their thoughts and questions! Use the hashtag #PainExamPodcast on social media to engage with us. S ubscribe and Review: If you enjoyed this episode, please subscribe and leave a review on your favorite podcast platform. Your feedback helps us improve and reach more listeners! Next Episode Preview: Stay tuned for our next episode, where we will continue to explore the latest advancements in pain management and treatment options. /episode/index/show/anesthesiaexampodcast/id/34630360

The Naturopathic Pain Physician: A Discussion with Dr. Sarah Trahan 12/17/2024

The Naturopathic Pain Physician: A Discussion with Dr. Sarah Trahan Painexam Podcast Episode Show Notes Episode Title: Exploring Naturopathy in Pain Medicine with Dr. Sarah Trahan Host: David Rosenblum, MD David Rosenblum is a dedicated pain management specialist with extensive experience in treating chronic pain conditions. He is passionate about integrating various approaches to improve patient outcomes and enhance quality of life. His expertise and commitment to patient-centered care make him a trusted voice in the field of pain medicine. His NY Practice is located in Brooklyn and Garden City and through his international educaitonal platform he has attracted physicians and pateints from all over the world to seek out consultation on the latest breakthroughs in interventional pain management. Guest: Dr. Sarah Trahan Dr. Sarah Trahan is a licensed naturopathic physician with a focus on holistic approaches to pain management and regenerative therapies. With a background in both conventional and alternative medicine, Dr. Trahan is committed to empowering patients through education and personalized treatment plans that address the root causes of pain. Episode Summary: In this episode, David Rosenblum, MD, interviews Dr. Sarah Trahan to explore the role of naturopathy in pain medicine and the potential of regenerative therapies. Dr. Trahan shares her insights on how naturopathic principles can complement traditional pain management approaches, offering a comprehensive view of patient care. Key Discussion Points: - ntroduction to Naturopathy: Dr. Trahan explains the philosophy of naturopathic medicine and its emphasis on treating the whole person rather than just symptoms. - The Role of Naturopathy in Pain Management: The conversation delves into how naturopathy can be integrated into pain management strategies, including dietary changes, lifestyle modifications, and natural supplements. - Regenerative Therapies: Dr. Trahan discusses the latest advancements in regenerative therapies, focusing on how these approaches can be applied in the context of pain management without delving into stem cell treatments. - Patient-Centered Care: Emphasizing the importance of a collaborative approach, Dr. Trahan shares strategies for working with patients to develop tailored treatment plans that align with their individual needs and preferences. - Success Stories Dr. Trahan recounts some of her most impactful approaches and success stories, illustrating the benefits of combining naturopathic and conventional approaches to pain relief. - NRAP Academy Online Courses and Workshops: Dr. Trahan highlights the educational opportunities available through the NRAP Academy, which offers online courses and workshops aimed at healthcare professionals interested in enhancing their understanding of naturopathic principles in pain management. Private ultrasound training is also available for those seeking hands-on experience. For more information, visit Resources Tune in to this insightful conversation to learn more about how naturopathy and regenerative therapies can play a vital role in managing pain and improving patient outcomes. Stay connected with Painexam for more episodes on pain management and treatment innovations. Don't forget to subscribe and leave a review! For questions or feedback, reach out to us at [email protected] --- This episode promises to provide valuable insights for healthcare professionals and patients alike, highlighting the importance of a holistic approach to pain management. /episode/index/show/anesthesiaexampodcast/id/34485990

Optimizing Genicular Nerve Blocks and Phenol for Knee Pain- Journal Club 11/14/2024

Optimizing Genicular Nerve Blocks and Phenol for Knee Pain- Journal Club Podcast Show Notes Episode Title: Optimizing Genicular Nerve Chemical Ablation: Insights from Dr. David Rosenblum Episode Summary: In this episode, we are joined by Dr. David Rosenblum, a New York-based interventional pain physician, who discusses optimizing genicular nerve chemical ablation. Dr. Rosenblum shares insights as well as his upcoming ultrasound course schedyke in New York City, focusing on regional anesthesia, interventional pain, and IV ultrasound placement. He emphasizes the significance of ultrasound in enhancing pain management procedures and the latest advancements in the field. Key Topics Discussed: Overview of Dr. Rosenblum's upcoming ultrasound courses in NYC, including regional anesthesia and IV ultrasound placement. More information can be found or at The role of ultrasound in interventional pain management, specifically in optimizing genicular nerve chemical ablation. Discussion on the recent study comparing genicular nerve phenol neurolysis and radiofrequency ablation. Importance of updating anatomical targets for pain management. Recommendations for expanding the number of targets in pain interventions. Insights on the safety and efficacy of chemical neurolysis versus radiofrequency procedures. Challenges and considerations in performing neurolytic blocks. Future directions in personalized treatment for chronic pain patients. For Anesthesia Board Prep go to Featured Article: Dr. Rosenblum references an article from The Korean Journal of Pain discussing the optimization of genicular nerve chemical ablation. Key takeaways include: The evolution of anatomical understanding related to genicular nerves. The recommendation to consider multiple targets for pain management instead of the traditional three. The need for careful patient examination to map pain effectively before intervention. Discussion on Knee Pain Management • ArticlebyAndresRochaRomero: • Discussion on knee pain targeting genicular nerve ablation. • Co-authored by Tony Ng and King K Stanley Lam. • Published in Korean Journal of Pain. • Highlights differences in pain management practices outside the U.S. Other Points on Genicular Nerve Chemical Ablation discussed Phenol ablation being used more internationally vs. radiofrequency ablations. Considerations for more extensive targeting of genicular nerves: • Importance of the median branch of the nerve to the vastus intermedius. • Expansion of targeting to include 6 nerves, not just 3. • Anatomical variations require different approaches. Recommendations and Observations • Importance of considering patient-specific anatomy and pain. • Repeat procedures and rehabilitation: • Concerns about bio intensity and fascia integrity. • Emphasizes muscle strengthening exercises to support knee. • CRPS Considerations: • Elderly patients may develop CRPS post-knee replacement. • Importance of lumbar sympathetic block in diagnosis and treatment. Host Bio: Dr. David Rosenblum, MD is an interventional pain physician based in New York City. With extensive experience in pain management techniques, Dr. Rosenblum is dedicated to advancing the field through education and innovative practices. He is particularly focused on the integration of ultrasound technology into pain management procedures. Course Information: Dr. Rosenblum's upcoming ultrasound courses are CME supported, monthly hands on workshops to give clinicians experience with ultrasound imaging to identify targets for nerve block joint injection, soft tissue injection and more.. • Monthly IV Ultrasound Course in Manhattan: • Ideal for nurses, PAs, anesthesiologists, ER docs. • Provides practice with phantoms, short lecture on IV ultrasound. • Offers CME credits. • Ultrasound Courses: • Held one Saturday a month, mostly in New York, but travels if needed. • Upcoming dates: December 21st, January 11th in Manhattan. • Presentation Invitation at Pain Expo in Dubai: April 26-27. • • Next LAPS conference in September in Chile. Call to Action: Subscribe to our podcast for more episodes on advancements in pain management. Follow us on social media for updates on upcoming courses and events. Share this episode with colleagues who may benefit from learning about ultrasound techniques in pain management. Upcoming Opportunities and Closing Remarks Dr. Rosenblum encourages attending his ultrasound courses and conferences. Mention of upcoming conferences in ASPN inMiami, Pain Expo in Dubai, and LAPS inChile. Recommendations to subscribe to newsletters for updates and free info. The podcast aims to support pain management professionals. /episode/index/show/anesthesiaexampodcast/id/33927067

Using PRP or PNS to Treat Back Pain related to Multiifdus Atrophy 10/25/2024

Using PRP or PNS to Treat Back Pain related to Multiifdus Atrophy Exploring the Efficacy of Autologous Platelet Leukocyte Rich Plasma Injections in Chronic Low Back Pain & Understanding Degenerative Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Host David Rosenblum, MD Episode Date: October 25, 2024 In this episode, Dr. David Rosenblum discusses two significant studies related to chronic low back pain and degenerative lumbar conditions. The first study focuses on the use of autologous platelet leukocyte rich plasma (PLRP) injections for treating atrophied lumbar multifidus muscles, while the second study investigates the correlation between muscle atrophy and the severity of degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis (DLSS). Featured Article 1: - Effect of Autologous Platelet Leukocyte Rich Plasma Injections on Atrophied Lumbar Multifidus Muscle in Low Back Pain Patients with Monosegmental Degenerative Disc Disease - **Authors:** Mohamed Hussein, Tamer Hussein Key Points Discussed 1. Background: Correlation between lumbar multifidus muscle dysfunction and chronic low back pain. 2. Study Overview: 115 patients treated with weekly PLRP injections for six weeks, followed for 24 months. 3. Outcome Measures: Significant improvements in NRS and ODI scores, with high patient satisfaction. 4. Conclusions: PLRP injections into the atrophied multifidus muscle are safe and effective for managing chronic low back pain. Featured Article 2: - Degenerative Lumbar Spinal Stenosis Authors:* Gen Xia, Xueru Li, Yanbing Shang, Bin Fu, Feng Jiang, Huan Liu, Yongdong Qiao Key Points Discussed 1. Background: DLSS is a common condition in older adults, often leading to muscle atrophy and disability. 2. Study Overview: A retrospective analysis involving 232 patients to investigate the correlation between muscle atrophy and spinal stenosis severity. 3. Results: - Significant differences in the ratio of fat-free multifidus muscle cross-sectional area between stenotic and non-stenotic segments. - A strong positive correlation was found between multifidus atrophy and the severity of spinal stenosis. - The atrophy was more pronounced on symptomatic sides of the spine compared to contralateral sides. 4. Conclusions: The findings suggest that more severe spinal stenosis is associated with greater muscle atrophy, emphasizing the importance of addressing muscle health in DLSS patients. Discussion: Dr. Rosenblum provides insights into how these studies inform clinical practices for treating chronic low back pain and managing degenerative conditions. He emphasizes the need for comprehensive treatment strategies that consider both muscle health and spinal integrity which may be achieved via peripheral nerve stimulation of the medial branch nerve and multifidus muscle or PRP injection in to the multifidus muscle. Closing Remarks: Listeners are encouraged to stay informed about innovative treatment options and the importance of muscle assessment in managing spinal disorders. **Follow Us:** - Subscribe to the Painexam Podcast for more episodes discussing the latest in pain management research and treatments. - Connect with us on social media [insert social media links]. NRAP Academy also offers: Board Review Regenerative Medicine Training The (online training program with discount to live workshops) Regional Anesthesia & Pain Ultrasound Course Private Training Available Email **Disclaimer:** The information presented in this podcast is for educational purposes only and should not be considered medical advice. Always consult a healthcare professional for medical concerns. References /episode/index/show/anesthesiaexampodcast/id/33611052

The use of Corticosteroids in Nerve Blocks- A Recent Review 07/31/2024

The use of Corticosteroids in Nerve Blocks- A Recent Review Podcast Show Note Summary: Episode Title: "New Guidelines for Corticosteroid Injections in Chronic Pain Management" This podcast is a discussion about the recent review article In this episode, we dive into the recently published guidelines on the use of corticosteroid injections for managing chronic pain, developed by the American Society of Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, along with several other prominent pain societies. These guidelines address the safety and efficacy of corticosteroid injections for sympathetic and peripheral nerve blocks, as well as trigger point injections. Key Discussion Points: Background and Need for Guidelines: Overview of potential adverse events from corticosteroid injections, such as increased blood glucose levels, decreased bone mineral density, and suppression of the hypothalamic–pituitary axis. Importance of using lower doses of corticosteroids, which studies have found to be just as effective as higher doses. Development of the Guidelines: The guidelines were approved by multiple pain societies and structured into three categories: sympathetic and peripheral nerve blocks, joint injections, and neuraxial injections. Extensive literature review and consensus-building through a modified Delphi process. Key Recommendations: The addition of corticosteroids to local anesthetics is recommended for certain nerve blocks, such as the greater occipital nerve block for cluster headaches and ilioinguinal/iliohypogastric nerve blocks for post-herniorrhaphy pain. Corticosteroid addition is not recommended for sympathetic nerve blocks, greater occipital nerve blocks for migraines, and pudendal nerve blocks for pudendal neuralgia. Imaging guidance (ultrasound or fluoroscopy) improves the safety and accuracy of certain procedures. Efficacy and Safety: Detailed analysis of various studies on the effectiveness of corticosteroid injections for different types of chronic pain. Discussion on the minimal benefit of corticosteroids in trigger point injections and the potential risks associated with their use. Clinical Implications: How these guidelines can assist clinicians in making informed decisions regarding corticosteroid use in chronic pain management. Emphasis on the need for personalized treatment plans based on individual patient characteristics and clinical data. Future Directions: Identification of gaps in the current research and the need for well-designed studies to further assess the benefits and risks of corticosteroid injections. Join us as we explore these comprehensive guidelines and their potential impact on improving chronic pain management practices. Upcoming Conferences Resources: Link to the full guidelines: Other Announcements from : PainExam App is ready for iphone Pain Management Board Prep migrated to AnesthesiaExam Board Prep migrated to PMRExam Board Prep migrated to For Anesthesia Board Prep References Disclaimer Disclaimer: This Podcast, website and any content from NRAP Academy (NRAPpain.org) otherwise known as Qbazaar.com, LLC is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute the practice of medicine, nursing or other professional health care services, including the giving of medical advice, and no doctor/patient relationship is formed. The use of information on this podcast or materials linked from this podcast is at the user’s own risk. Professionals should conduct their own fact finding, research, and due diligence to come to their own conclusions for treating patients. The content of this podcast is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Users should not disregard or delay in obtaining medical advice for any medical condition they may have and should seek the assistance of their health care professionals for any such conditions. /episode/index/show/anesthesiaexampodcast/id/32363292

The Trigeminal Nerve Block and Cancer (Ultrasound and Flouroscopic Approaches) 07/19/2024

The Trigeminal Nerve Block and Cancer (Ultrasound and Flouroscopic Approaches) PainExam Show Notes: Mandibular Division of the Trigeminal Nerve Block with Dr. David Rosenblum Introduction Host: Dr. David Rosenblum Topic: Mandibular Division of the Trigeminal Nerve Block for Cancer Pain Management Techniques: Ultrasound and Fluoroscopic Guidance Overview Purpose: Alleviate chronic facial pain, specifically in cancer patients suffering from trigeminal neuralgia or other related conditions. Focus: Detailed discussion on the anatomy, clinical presentation, and procedural techniques for effective nerve block. Anatomy of the Mandibular Nerve Origin: Mandibular nerve is a branch of the trigeminal nerve (cranial nerve V). Pathway: Exits the middle cranial fossa through the foramen ovale and descends between the lateral and medial pterygoid muscles. Sensory Innervation: Anterior two-thirds of the tongue Teeth and mucosa of the mandible Skin of the chin and lower lip Skin over the mandible (excluding the mandibular angle) Tragus and anterior part of the ear Posterior part of the temporalis muscle up to the scalp Ultrasound-Guided Technique Patient Positioning: Patient lies on their side with the affected side facing upward. Transducer Selection: Curvilinear transducer preferred for deeper structures. Transducer Placement: Place distal and parallel to the zygomatic arch to bridge the coronoid and condylar processes. Anatomical Landmarks: Identify the lateral pterygoid muscle and plate. Use power Doppler to locate the sphenoid palatine artery. Needle Trajectory: Introduce the needle using an out-of-plane approach to target the pterygopalatine fossa (anterior to the lateral pterygoid plate). For the mandibular nerve block, target the area posterior to the lateral pterygoid plate between the medial and lateral pterygoid muscles. Electrostimulation (Optional): Utilize a 22G, 10 cm insulated short beveled needle connected to a peripheral nerve simulator. Position confirmed by motor response from the temporalis and masseter muscles. Fluoroscopic-Guided Technique Patient Positioning: Similar to ultrasound guidance, patient lies on their side with the affected side facing upward. C-arm Positioning: Position the C-arm to visualize the foramen ovale. Needle Insertion: Insert the needle under fluoroscopic guidance towards the foramen ovale. Contrast Injection: Confirm needle placement with contrast injection. Anesthetic Administration: Administer local anesthetic and/or neurolytic agents. Clinical Symptoms and Diagnosis Symptoms: Unilateral sharp, stabbing, or burning pain in the mandibular nerve distribution. Pain triggered by activities such as eating, talking, washing the face, or cleaning the teeth. Diagnostic Imaging: MRI or CT scans to identify causes like vascular compression, mass lesions, or fractures. Complications and Considerations Potential Complications: Bleeding, hematoma, infection, and hypersensitivity reaction to the injectate. Serious complications from neurolytic agents like permanent sensory deficit and tissue necrosis. Alternative Treatments: PNS? Radiofrequency or cryoablation for recalcitrant cases. Conclusion Efficacy: Ultrasound and fluoroscopic guidance provide precise targeting of the affected nerves, minimizing collateral damage. Safety: Routine use of power Doppler imaging to avoid injury to surrounding vessels. Recommendation: Consider these techniques for patients unresponsive to oral medications or unsuitable for surgery. These show notes provide a comprehensive overview of the discussion, highlighting key points on the anatomy, technique, and clinical considerations for mandibular nerve blocks in cancer patients. Other Announcements from : PainExam App is ready for iphone Pain Management Board Prep migrated to AnesthesiaExam Board Prep migrated to PMRExam Board Prep migrated to For Anesthesia Board Prep References Nicholas A Telischak, Jeremy J Heit, Lucas W Campos, Omar A Choudhri, Huy M Do, Xiang Qian, Fluoroscopic C-Arm and CT-Guided Selective Radiofrequency Ablation for Trigeminal and Glossopharyngeal Facial Pain Syndromes, Pain Medicine, Volume 19, Issue 1, January 2018, Pages 130–141, Allam, Abdallah El-Sayed, et al. "Ultrasound‐Guided Intervention for Treatment of Trigeminal Neuralgia: An Updated Review of Anatomy and Techniques." Pain Research and Management 2018.1 (2018): 5480728. isclaimer Disclaimer: This Podcast, website and any content from NRAP Academy (NRAPpain.org) otherwise known as Qbazaar.com, LLC is for general informational purposes only and does not constitute the practice of medicine, nursing or other professional health care services, including the giving of medical advice, and no doctor/patient relationship is formed. The use of information on this podcast or materials linked from this podcast is at the user’s own risk. Professionals should conduct their own fact finding, research, and due diligence to come to their own conclusions for treating patients. The content of this podcast is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Users should not disregard or delay in obtaining medical advice for any medical condition they may have and should seek the assistance of their health care professionals for any such conditions. /episode/index/show/anesthesiaexampodcast/id/32212037

Regenerative Pain Medicine Journal Club: Interosseous vs Intraarticular vs ESW Inejctions 06/27/2024

Collaborative Research. Exosomes & more with Christopher Robinson, MD PhD 06/04/2024

Intra-Discal Leukocyte Rich PRP: Treating DDD as an Infectious Disease. 05/20/2024

Post Operative Pain after Shoulder Replacement: Peri-operative Ablation? 04/17/2024

IRO's (Independent Review Organizations)- Physicians Lobby for Oversight and Transparency 04/03/2024

IRO's (Independent Review Organizations)- Physicians Lobby for Oversight and Transparency Advocating for Transparency and Oversight in Pain Management Introduction: Welcome back to Painexam, where we delve into the latest advancements and challenges in pain management. Today's episode highlights a significant advocacy effort made by leading Interventional Pain Physicians and industry experts. Summary of Lobbying Effort: On March 20, 2024, a group of esteemed physicians and industry leaders, including Drs. Sean Li, Peter Staats, Mehul J. Desai, David Reece, Hemant Kalia, and David Rosenblum, alongside industry figures Mark Stultz, Christopher Conrad, and Cecelia Ruble, visited Capitol Hill to advocate for greater oversight and transparency in independent review organizations. Despite their busy schedules, they recognized the critical need to address the 0% turnover rate in appeals for denied treatments, which disproportionately affects patients seeking alternatives to surgery and opioid medication. Importance of Transparency: The issue extends beyond pain management, impacting patients across various medical fields. While opioid therapy may seem economically favorable initially, the long-term consequences, including delayed care and medication side effects, often outweigh the costs. The group emphasized the importance of an unbiased review for accessible, cutting-edge treatments to improve patient outcomes and reduce overall healthcare expenses. Purpose of the Lobbying Effort: Contrary to pushing any specific company agenda, the initiative aims to highlight the challenges patients and physicians encounter in securing optimal treatment outcomes. For Board Prep, Ultrasound Training and more, visit: Dr. David Rosenblum, a pioneer in interventional pain medicine, particularly in ultrasound- guided procedures and regenerative pain medicine, underscores the necessity of addressing these issues for the benefit of countless patients suffering from chronic pain. Conclusion and Actionable Steps: To schedule a consultation with Dr. Rosenblum, patients can visit or contact the Brooklyn Office at 718-436-7246 or the Garden City Office at 516-482-7246. Stay tuned for more updates on advancements and advocacy efforts in pain management. Outro: Thank you for joining us on this episode of Painexam. Be sure to subscribe for future discussions on navigating the complexities of pain management. /episode/index/show/anesthesiaexampodcast/id/30659283

Stellate Ganglion, Ketamine Infusions and Interventional Psychiatry 03/13/2024

Stellate Ganglion Block and Hot Flashes- Rudy Malayil, MD of WVSIPP 02/28/2024

PENG, PNS, Cryoablation for Acute and Chronic Hip Pain 02/08/2024

PENG, PNS, Cryoablation for Acute and Chronic Hip Pain In this episode, Garden City (long island) based Pain Physician, Dr. David Rosenblum explores Peripheral Nerve Stimulation, Biologics and Ablations for hip pain. He reviews a case report of a 67-year-old female with a history of a mechanical fall causing injury to her lumbar spine and pelvis resulting in hip and pelvic pain is presented. The patient had hypertrophic non-union of the right iliac wing fracture and displacement of the pubic symphysis and right sacroiliac joint. Medications were not effectively managing her pain, so she sought treatment at a pain management clinic. The patient underwent diagnostic obturator and femoral articular nerve branch injections, as well as a middle cluneal nerve steroid injection, all guided by fluoroscopy and ultrasound. She experienced improvement in her pain following these procedures. Subsequently, she had a peripheral nerve stimulator (PNS) trial and underwent implantation of leads targeting the right middle cluneal nerve and right obturator and femoral articular nerve branches. The patient reported significant relief in both the posterior and anterior distribution of her pain. Her activities of daily living improved, and she was able to sleep without pain after the PNS implantation. The successful use of combined fluoroscopy and ultrasound in targeting the specific nerves and replicating the patient's pain distribution before permanent PNS implantation is highlighted in this case. Additionally, the show notes mention an events calendar located at this link: . Upcoming Course schedule for NRAP Academy includes the following events: Ultrasound Guided Pain & Regional Anesthesia Course in New York City on February 10, 2024. This course will cover nerve blocks, joint injections, and more. Attendees will have the opportunity to scan live models after the didactic session. MSK Pain & Regional Anesthesia Course in Miami, Florida on February 18, 2024. This course will focus on ultrasound-guided nerve blocks and MSK (musculoskeletal) pain management. Ultrasound Guided Pain Course in Key West, Florida on February 23, 2024. This 4 CME (Continuing Medical Education) course will cover ultrasound-guided nerve blocks, MSK, PRP (platelet-rich plasma), BMAC (bone marrow aspirate concentrate) targets, and regional anesthesia. Regional Anesthesia and US Guided Pain Management Course in New York City on March 9, 2024. This course will provide training in ultrasound-guided interventional pain management and regional anesthesia. Ultrasound Guided IPM (Interventional Pain Management) Course in West Virginia on April 14, 2024. This course is part of the Appalachian Regional Spine and Pain Meeting and will be conducted by NRAP Academy. It will focus on interventional pain management using ultrasound guidance. Regenerative Pain Medicine Course in New York City on May 4, 2024. This course will cover PRP (platelet-rich plasma) and other regenerative pain medicine techniques. In addition to the live training, attendees will receive bonus material including access to the On Demand Ultrasound Guided MSK Interventional Pain Management Course, a course workbook and certificate, post-course guidance and discounts, and the opportunity to join the mailing list for calendar updates. Please note that these course details are subject to change, so it's recommended to visit the NRAP Academy website for the most up-to-date information. Reference Fu E, Elsharkawy H #35977 Peripheral nerve stimulation implant for chronic post-traumatic hip and pelvic pain Regional Anesthesia & Pain Medicine 2023;48:A193. /episode/index/show/anesthesiaexampodcast/id/29857758

Journal Club- Cerebrospinal Fluid and Glymphatic Circulation in Human Nerves 01/24/2024

Journal Club- Cerebrospinal Fluid and Glymphatic Circulation in Human Nerves Painexam Podcast Show Notes: Journal Club on "Ventricular Infusion and Nanoprobes Identify Cerebrospinal Fluid and Glymphatic Circulation in Human Nerves" Special Thanks to Robert Stall, MD Introduction: Welcome to another episode of the Painexam Podcast! In today's journal club edition, we delve into a fascinating study by Dr. Joel E. Pessa on cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) circulation in human nerves. Background: The study addresses the growing evidence of CSF circulation in human nerves and its implications in various conditions encountered by plastic surgeons. Conditions such as nerve transection, stretch injuries, and peripheral neuropathy may be related to dysregulation of the CSF system. Methods: Dr. Pessa and his team developed the ventricular infusion technique using buffered saline in 2017. The technique was applied to eight fresh cadavers before dissecting the median nerve. Fluorescent imaging and nanoprobe injections were combined with ventricular infusion in selected specimens. Results: The eight cadaver specimens (six female, two male) aged 46–97 underwent successful ventricular infusion. Ventricular cannulation was performed successfully using specific coordinates. Results suggest that CSF flows in neural sheaths, including pia meninges, epineurial channels, perineurium, and myelin sheaths (neurolemma). Conclusions: Ventricular infusion and nanoprobes effectively identify CSF flow in neural sheaths of human nerves. CSF flow in nerves is described as an open circulatory system occurring via channels, intracellular flow, and cell-to-cell transport associated with glial cells. Neural sheaths, including neurolemma, may play a role in glucose and solute transport to axons. The techniques showcased in this study can be utilized in anatomic dissection and live animal models and have been extended to the central nervous system to identify direct ventricle-to-pia meninges CSF pathways. Significance: This study opens new avenues for understanding the intricate mechanisms of CSF circulation in neural tissues. Plastic surgeons and researchers can benefit from these techniques in studying and addressing conditions related to CSF dysregulation in nerves. The findings have implications not only for nerve-related conditions but also for broader applications in the central nervous system. Closing: Thank you for joining us on this insightful journey through Dr. Joel E. Pessa's study. Stay tuned for more engaging discussions on pain management and neurology in future Painexam Podcast episodes! Reference Pessa JE. Ventricular Infusion and Nanoprobes Identify Cerebrospinal Fluid and Glymphatic Circulation in Human Nerves. Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open. 2022 Feb 17;10(2):e4126. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000004126. PMID: 35198353; PMCID: PMC8856590. /episode/index/show/anesthesiaexampodcast/id/29626623

The Iliohypogastric Nerve: An Anatomical Review 11/27/2023

Peptitdes for Wellness 10/12/2023

Nerve Block Reimbursement, Genicular plus Pain Management Board Prep Webinar Oct 4 09/28/2023

Interview with Dr. Myrdalis Diaz-Ramirez, MD Physician Coach, Mastermind, Pain Management and more! 09/11/2023

Superior Gluteal and Clueneal Nerve Stimulation 08/24/2023

The Cervical Plexus 08/12/2023

The Cervical Plexus Garden City and Brooklyn Pain Physician, world renown for his work on the PainExam Podcast, PainExam Pain Management and , discusses: a case of paresthesia in the upper neck realted to C3 and C4 stenosis and considers a selective nerve root block while wondering if a deep cervical plexus block would suffice. Rational : Desire to avoid epidural due to proximity to spinal cord Ultrasound approach of cervial plexus may anesthetize C3 and C4 roots and may be sufficient to do with ultrasound alone Unfortunately, no data found to support this particular situation, however, it may be safe and effective if performed properly. The CE experience for this Podcast is powered by CMEfy - click here to reflect and earn credits: https://earnc.me/lubWXJ Also discussed on this podcast: The Superficial Cervical Plexus and applications for headache, neck pain, and clavicular fractures. Caution: Phrenic Nerve Anatomy The cervical plexus is a complex network of nerves located in the neck region, originating from the anterior rami (branches) of the cervical spinal nerves, specifically those stemming from the upper cervical segments (C1 to C4). This intricate network serves to provide sensory and motor innervation to various structures within the neck and surrounding areas. The cervical plexus is positioned within a groove between the longus capitis and the middle scalene muscles in the neck. It is organized into different nerve loops and branches that radiate outwards to supply various regions. The cervical plexus can be divided into deep and superficial components, each with distinct functions and innervation patterns. Cervical Plexus: The plexus involves nerve loops and branches that provide both sensory and motor functions. The superficial sensory branches originating from adjacent anterior spinal nerves (C2 to C4) are responsible for providing sensation to specific areas of the skin, particularly in the head, neck, and shoulder regions. These sensory branches include the lesser occipital nerve (C2, C3), great auricular nerve (C2, C3), transverse cervical nerve (C2, C3), and supraclavicular nerves (C3, C4). These nerves typically run posteriorly and then penetrate the prevertebral fascia before reaching the skin and superficial structures. For Pain Management and Anesethesiology Board Review, go to For the Virtual Pain Fellowship Experience, Go to: Subscribe to Receive Free Content, Discounts and Course Updates! * indicates required Email Address * Ultrasound Workshops and Courses For up to date Calendar, ! Refereces Kim JS, Ko JS, Bang S, Kim H, Lee SY. Cervical plexus block. Korean J Anesthesiol. 2018 Aug;71(4):274-288. doi: 10.4097/kja.d.18.00143. Epub 2018 Jul 4. PMID: 29969890; PMCID: PMC6078883. /episode/index/show/anesthesiaexampodcast/id/27713907

ISPN: International Society of Pain and Neuroscience Conference Chair: Reda Tolba, MD 08/03/2023

Investing and Passive Income for Physicians 07/11/2023

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