Frameshift
Frameshift is a podcast that discusses how perspectives affect the world. We explore the development of various viewpoints through history and philosophy, and we dissect current events through the lenses of differing outlooks drawn from politics, the arts and the sciences.
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Ep. 23: Which Media? Whose Bias?
01/17/2017
Ep. 23: Which Media? Whose Bias?
Politicians and other powerful figures routinely lambaste “the media” for treating them in ways they feel are unfair or for perceived biases. Yet there is no such thing as “the media.” In its broadest terms, almost everything and everyone can be described as part of the media. Even the more restricted classification of “news organizations” span a broad spectrum, often competing against one another. Yet there are commonalities among journalists and media outlets that generate certain kinds of biases – just not the ones the politicians accuse them of. Today we ask who “the media” really are and what kinds of biases they really share.
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Ep. 23 Show Notes
01/16/2017
Ep. 23 Show Notes
Front cover of the New Orleans Bee newspaper from April 7th 1917, reporting the U.S. entry into the First World War. Scanned from the Jefferson Parish Library archives. Public domain image. In our next episode, out Tuesday, we ask ourselves what exactly people are referring to when they talk about “the media” and “bias.” Reading List: Intel chiefs presented Trump with claims of Russian efforts to compromise him, by Evan Perez, Jim Sciutto, Jake Tapper and Carl Bernstein - These Reports Allege Trump Has Deep Ties To Russia, by Ken Bensinger, Miriam Elder and Mark Schoofs - Trump's assault on CNN and BuzzFeed, explained, by Zeeshan Aleem - Americans' Trust in Mass Media Sinks to New Low, by Art Swift - Editorial: Unfettered press needed for the public good – Understanding Media: The Extensions of Man, by Marshall McLuhan – Social Media is Mass Media, by Sean Gelles – Social Media is not Mass Media, by Robert Young - Advertising as Education, by Cynthia B. Meyers – A History of the Donald Trump-Megyn Kelly Feud, by Paola Chavez, Veronica Straqualursi and Meghan Keneally – Palin trashes 'lamestream media,' By Andy Barr - Bernie Sanders’ next challenge? Fighting corporate media, by Caitlin Abber – Bernie Sanders takes aim at 'corporate media' in New Hampshire, by Dan Merica - The Fall and Rise of Partisan Journalism, by James L. Baughman – Fauquier Times-Democrat drops 'Democrat,' by the Associated Press – Media Hoaxes, by Fred Fedler - The "Yellow Fever" of Journalism, by Jennifer Vance – U.S. Diplomacy and Yellow Journalism, 1895–1898 – Adolph Simon Ochs – The lost meaning of ‘objectivity’ – Re-thinking Objectivity, by Brent Cunningham – Deciding What's News: A Study of CBS Evening News, NBC Nightly News, Newsweek, and Time, by Herbert J. Gans – Six questions that will tell you what media to trust, by Tom Rosenstiel – 9 questions to help you evaluate the credibility of news sources, by Vicki Krueger – Deconstruction Guide for Evaluating a News Source – Music Notes (in order of appearance): Steve Combs - Scott Holmes – Dave Depper – Benny Golbin – “News Breaks And Shortly After So Do I (The Pop Song)” and “Blues for Oliver” used under a . “Big Apple” used under a . “Swagger 1” used under a .
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Ep. 22: War. What Is It Good For? Pt. 3
01/03/2017
Ep. 22: War. What Is It Good For? Pt. 3
At the same time as the Western world was developing an ethics to describe the difference between a “good” war and a “bad” war, Asian cultures were coming up with their own philosophies on the subject. Today, we complete our exploration of morality and war by examining some of the strains of thought that evolved in China: how they compared with one another and how they differ from European traditions.
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Ep. 22 Show Notes
01/03/2017
Ep. 22 Show Notes
Original photo by . Public domain image. In our next episode, out Tuesday, we finish our exploration of the ethics of war with a look at some of the perspectives that took root in Asian philosophy. Reading List: 1 Samuel 15:1-9 (New International Version) – Eddie Izzard: Dressed to Kill – History of China - Silk Road, by Joshua J. Mark – Why Chinese Study the Warring States Period, by J.M. Norton – Mohism – Mohism, Just War, Sovereignty, and Identity, by Chris Fraser – Chinese Just War Ethics: Origin, Development, and Dissent, edited by Ping-Cheung Lo and Sumner B. Twiss – The Philosophy of the Mozi: The First Consequentialists, by Chris Fraser – Chinese Ethics, by David Wong – Warfare in Chinese History, edited by H. J. Van Derven – Confucianism, by Judith A. Berling – Legalism, by Richard R. Wertz – Seven Military Classics Of Ancient China, translated by Ralph D Sawyer – American Revolution Reinvents Guerrilla Warfare - The Nuremberg Trials, by Doug Linder – Lao Tzu: On War and Weapons, by Marilyn Turkovich – Tao - Just War Tradition and Buddhism, by Laksiri Jayasuriya – War and Buddhism, by Barbara O'Brien – Buddhism, Nonviolence, and Power, by Sallie B. King – Music Notes (in order of appearance): Psalters - Lucky Dragons - Jianhong He - Artofescapism - “We are all lepers here” used under . “dublab ‘Open Wide’ Proton Drive theme” and “Yu Wang Tan Ming” used under a . “Train to Ikekeburo” used under a .
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Ep. 21: War. What Is It Good For? Pt. 2
12/20/2016
Ep. 21: War. What Is It Good For? Pt. 2
At the same time as the Roman Empire was falling, a bishop in the Catholic church was devising an argument that could morally justify Christians going to war. St. Augustine’s “just war” theory, further developed by St. Thomas Aquinas, has been used for centuries to make the case for “civilized” conflict. It continues to influence modern tactics and international agreements. Today on Frameshift we continue our quest to discover whether war can be good by exploring some of the strengths and weaknesses of just war theory.
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Ep. 21 Show Notes
12/19/2016
Ep. 21 Show Notes
"Taking of Jerusalem by the Crusaders, 15th July 1099." Original 1847 oil on canvas by Émile Signol. . In our next episode, out Tuesday, we explore the development of Just War Theory in European philosophy. Reading List: The City of God, by Augustine of Hippo – The City of Man, by Glenn Sunshine – Augustine: Just War – Urban II (1088-1099): Speech at Council of Clermont, 1095, Five versions of the Speech – The Siege and Capture of Jerusalem: Collected Accounts – The Summa Theologica: Part II, Question 40, by Thomas Aquinas – The Principle of Double Effect (and our responsibility regarding the environment), by Theodore Gracyk - Geneva Conventions and Commentaries – The 95 Theses, by Martin Luther – The Social Contract, by Jean-Jacques Rousseau – Rousseau and Revolution, by Holger Ross Lauritsen and Mikkel Thorup – How did Jean-Jacque Rousseau's ideas influence the French Revolution? by Sinan Toprak - Declaration of the Rights of Man – Right of Revolution, by John Locke – Foundations of American Government – Just War Theory, by Alexander Moseley – Music Notes (in order of appearance): Portrayal – Lamprey - Ryan Little - Vienna Ditto – All songs used under a .
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Ep. 20: War. What Is It Good For? Pt. 1
12/06/2016
Ep. 20: War. What Is It Good For? Pt. 1
When the Iraq War began in 2003, a majority of Americans favored the invasion. Within just a few years, that perception had reversed itself. U.S. President Barack Obama won the 2008 election in part on a platform that advocated for pulling out of Iraq. At the same time, another, less controversial, war was underway in Afghanistan. Obama called that war a “good” war. So what made the Iraq War “bad,” and why didn’t most Americans think that from the start? Today on Frameshift we try to untangle the reasons people have used for going to war, in Iraq and beyond.
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Ep. 20 Show Notes
12/05/2016
Ep. 20 Show Notes
Original photo by the . Some . In our next episode, out Tuesday, we think about the 2003 Iraq invasion and ask what makes a war “good” or “bad.” Reading List: Obama's Speech on Iraq, March 2008 – Obama's Tough Sell on Afghanistan, by Jessica Rettig – Nationalism as a Cause of World War I – Timeline: Greco-Persian Wars – H.J.Res. 114 (107th): Authorization for Use of Military Force Against Iraq Resolution of 2002 – Chuck Schumer explaining his vote on the Iraq war resolution – Iraq - Did America invade Iraq for oil? by Josh Velson - America, Oil, and War in the Middle East, by Toby Craig Jones – US jury convicts Blackwater guards in 2007 killing of Iraqi civilians, by Dan Roberts – The Mongol Empire in World History, by Timothy May – Intertribal Warfare, by Douglas B. Bamforth – Evolutionary Perspectives on Violence, Homicide, and War, by James R. Liddle, Todd K. Shackelford, and Viviana A. Weekes-Shackelford – Byzantium: The Surprising Life Of A Medieval Empire, by Judith Herrin – Christians and Jews Under Islam, by Najib Saliba – A Christian world under Islam's rule, by Christopher Howse – The White Nationalist Origins Of The Term 'Alt-Right' — And The Debate Around It, by Adrian Florido - The Chinese Experience in 19th Century America – Bush: No Link Between Iraq, Sept. 11 Attacks – Carving a Legacy of Giving (to His Party, Too), by Amy Chozick – Bosnian Genocide – Dirty War – Transcript: President Bush Addresses Nation on Iraq War – What We Owe Iraq: War and the Ethics of Nation Building, by Noah Feldman – Music Notes (In order of appearance) Evil Bear Boris – Komiku - Unheard Music Concepts – Legally Blind - “The Cold Wars” and “Robert’s Rules of Order” used under a . “Fight Club” used under an . “Fight, Run, Breath Deeply” used under .
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Ep. 19: This is What Democracy Sounds Like
11/22/2016
Ep. 19: This is What Democracy Sounds Like
The election of businessman Donald J. Trump to the American presidency has frightened and angered many people who worry that his comments about women, immigrants and others could translate into dangerous policies. Some of those people have taken to the streets in the last two weeks, holding rallies around the nation. Today on Frameshift, we spend some time at a protest in New Haven, Conn., and talk to the demonstrators about their worries – and their plans going forward.
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Ep. 19 Show Notes
11/21/2016
Ep. 19 Show Notes
Photo by Brandon T. Bisceglia. On the next episode of Frameshift, out Tuesday, we speak with protesters about why they’re demonstrating against the presidential election victory of businessman and reality TV star Donald J. Trump. Reading List: Yes, Donald Trump did call climate change a Chinese hoax, by Louis Jacobson - Trump recorded having extremely lewd conversation about women in 2005, by David A. Fahrenthold – An Exhaustive List of the Allegations Women Have Made Against Donald Trump, by The Cut – Here’s What Mike Pence Said on LGBT Issues Over the Years, by Will Drabold – Donald Trump’s Mass Deportations Would Cost Billions and Take Years to Process, by Alice Speri – Donald Trump can absolutely ban Muslims from entering the US, without Congress, by Zack Beauchamp - Civil Rights Movement – Tactics and Techniques of the National Womans Party Suffrage Campaign – 10 Dramatic Protests for Labor Rights – Ferguson accepts U.S. government's police reform plan, by Sue Britt - The Tea Party Movement Is Alive and Well—And We Saw Trump Coming, by Jenny Beth Martin – How the faithful voted: A preliminary 2016 analysis, by By Gregory A. Smith and Jessica Martínez – 2016 Presidential General Election Results – National Popular Vote Interstate Compact – Music Notes (In order of appearance) ROZKOL - Jesse Spillane – Kellee Maize - Roberto Billi - Lorenzo's Music – MMFFF - Hyson - “The Long Steady March of Progress,” “Face Punch,” “Chocolate and Cocaine,” The Army’s March” and “Habitation” used under a . “Marchin” and “Scaccia la strega” used under an .
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Ep. 18: We Were Here First
11/08/2016
Ep. 18: We Were Here First
Sometimes when we tell stories we leave out important details, giving people false impressions about what happened. Even our stories about science are prone to this type of narrative bias. Everyone knows the dinosaurs dominated the Earth for millions of years. Few people, though, realize that prior to the dinosaurs, another group of animals achieved a similar supremacy. They belonged to a separate group called the synapsids. The synapsids grew to great sizes and filled all the top niches on the planet in their day. Their descendants are the mammals - including us. Today we take a trip back in time to visit our long-lost relatives during their prime.
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Ep. 18 Show Notes
11/07/2016
Ep. 18 Show Notes
Dimetrodon is often mistaken as a dinosaur. In reality, it was more closely related to mammals and was a top predator millions of years before the dinosaurs made their debut. Original image by . Some rights reserved. In our next episode, out Tuesday, we reexamine the story of who really ruled the Earth first. Clue: it was our ancestors, not dinosaurs. Reading List: The Pattern of Life’s History, by Stephen Jay Gould – GSA Geologic Time Scale – Earth's history in the last 600 million years (Continental Drift), by TheBentastic - The Carboniferous Period – Coming of the Amniotes, by Arvind Pillai – Interrelationships of basal synapsids: cranial and postcranial morphological partitions suggest different topologies, by Roger B. J. Benson – The Fossil Non-mammalian Synapsid Collection at The Field Museum – Introduction to the Pelycosaurs - Third Contribution to the History of the Vertebrata of the Permian Formation of Texas, by Edward Drinker Cope – Dimetrodon – The Permian Period - Moschops - Diictodon - Lycaenops - Titanophoneus – Suminia: Life in the Trees 260 Million Years Ago, by Brian Switek – Massive Volcanic Eruptions Triggered Earth’s “Great Dying,” by Sarah Zielinski – Lystrosaurus: The Most Humble Badass of the Triassic, by Annalee Newitz – Cynodonts – The radiation of cynodonts and the ground plan of mammalian morphological diversity, by Marcello Ruta, Jennifer Botha-Brink, Stephen A. Mitchell, and Michael J. Benton – Music Notes (In order of appearance) Seclorance - Nihilore – H-LR – Mystery Mammal - “Evolution,” “End of the Line” and “He Said, She Said” used under a . “Shapes Within the Jade” used under an .
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Ep. 17: Red Team/Blue Team
10/25/2016
Ep. 17: Red Team/Blue Team
When we look back at presidential elections from a generation ago, we can see massive sweeps in presidential elections on a regular basis. Over the last 30 years or so, however, politics seems to have become more polarized, with opposing sides more entrenched and more evenly divided. Journalist and podcast host Joe Weathered thinks this is in part because voters are increasingly treating political parties like sports teams. People support the team regardless of the individuals representing the team at any given moment, regardless of specific policy proposals, and despite any scandals or controversies that may arise. Today on Frameshift: a conversation about the treatment of politics as a team sport and what might be done to change direction.
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Ep. 17 Show Notes
10/24/2016
Ep. 17 Show Notes
Original photo by . Some . In our next episode, out Tuesday, we chat with journalist and podcast host Joe Weathered about how people are increasingly treating politics like team sports. Reading List Trump’s path to an electoral college victory isn’t narrow. It’s nonexistent. by Stuart Rothenberg – 2008 Electoral College Map - Study: Partisans treat politics like sports, valuing a team over issues, by Bonnie Kristian – History of the Houston Oilers - Chris Wallace Was Right about How to Moderate a Debate After All, by Paul Crookston - Did Trump just launch Trump TV? by Kelsey Sutton - 9479 Radio – Music Notes (In order of appearance) DJ BrownBum – Monkey Warhol – Severed Fifth - Jesse Futerman – BoxCat Games - “Good Kids/Bad Kids,” “Mystery Team 2090,” “Lunar Orbit” and “Politicold” used under a . “Tricks” used under an .
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Ep. 16: Lashing Out at Phantoms
10/11/2016
Ep. 16: Lashing Out at Phantoms
Donald Trump, the 2016 Republican candidate for president, has traded in conspiracy theories for years. Now they’ve come with him to the main stage. But why are conspiracy theories so popular? How can we tell if they’re false? And what effects could their ascendance have on civil society? In a darkness of false flags and disinformation campaigns, we try to shed some light.
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Ep. 16 Show Notes
10/10/2016
Ep. 16 Show Notes
A billboard in South Gate, California, in 2010 alluding to the conspiracy theory claiming that U.S. President Barack Obama was not born in the country and was therefore ineligible to hold office. WND.com is a conservative Christian news aggregator that sometimes promotes conspiracy theories. Original public domain photo by Victor Victoria. In the next episode of Frameshift, out Tuesday, we wonder at the rise of conspiracy theories in American culture and their impact on modern political discourse. Reading List Did Hillary Clinton start the Obama birther movement? by Jon Greenberg – Was Hillary Clinton the Original ‘Birther’? by Robert Farley – President Obama's Long Form Birth Certificate – Barack Obama birth certificate statement – live coverage, by Richard Adams – Conspiracy Theory Poll Results, by Jim Williams – Understanding the Iran-Contra Affairs – Watergate: The Scandal That Brought Down Richard Nixon – Explaining Volkswagen’s Emissions Scandal, by By Guilbert Gates, Jack Ewing, Karl Russell and Derek Watkins – On the Viability of Conspiratorial Beliefs, by David Robert Grimes – 9/11 conspiracy theories debunked, by twin towers, by Chris McGreal – Conspiracy Theory – The 5 telltale techniques of climate change denial, by John Cook - Bringing Closure to the 9/11 Pentagon Debate, by John D. Wyndham – Infowars (Alex Jones) – Why Do People Believe in Conspiracy Theories? by Michael Shermer – Study: Media Can Foster, Reduce Conspiracy Beliefs, by Brandon T. Bisceglia – Sandy Hook Exposed? by David Mikkelson – The Influence of Control on Belief in Conspiracy Theories: Conceptual and Applied Extensions, by Jan-Willem van Prooijen and Michele Acker – Here are 10 more conspiracy theories embraced by Donald Trump, by Jose A. DelReal – Donald Trump says the election will be ‘rigged.’ Half of his supporters seem inclined to agree, by Greg Sargent – Music Notes (In order of appearance) The Freeharmonic Orchestra – Salmo - Nisei23 – J Hacha de Zola – “Unconquered Sun,” “La chute de la tête du roi” and “Better Run” used under a . “Full of Holes” used under an .
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Ep. 15: The Coming Germpocalypse
09/27/2016
Ep. 15: The Coming Germpocalypse
Sometimes even when everybody agrees a catastrophe is coming in the future, no one can be bothered to do anything about it until it’s too late. That’s the story of the antibiotics era: different groups, all aware that they were making bacterial resistance worse, have been slow to adopt changes to their habits. Today we examine why we let the bacteria get so strong, and whether we might still be able to avert the looming germpocalypse.
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Ep. 15 Show Notes
09/26/2016
Ep. 15 Show Notes
A color-enhanced scanning electron micrograph showing Salmonella Typhimurium (red) invading cultured human cells. Image courtesy of Rocky Mountain Laboratories, NIAID, NIH. Public domain image. In our next episode, out Tuesday, we survey the rise of antibiotic resistant bacteria and why the crisis isn’t being addressed as quickly as it should. Reading List: The Antibiotic Resistance Crisis, by C. Lee Ventola – The Epidemic of Antibiotic-Resistant Infections: A Call to Action for the Medical Community from the Infectious Diseases Society of America - Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics – The Innocents Abroad, by Mark Twain – Maimed Men – Life before antibiotics (and maybe life after an antibiotic apocalypse), by Toby Sealey - Per Capita Consumption of Poultry and Livestock, 1965 to Estimated 2016, in Pounds – Average Retail Food and Energy Prices, U.S. and Midwest Region – Perdue to Eliminate Antibiotics in Some Chicken Products, by Jacob Bunge – What Does “Antibiotic-Free” Really Mean? Insight from a Contract Chicken Farmer, by Sarah Damian – CDC: 1 in 3 antibiotic prescriptions unnecessary – Prevalence of Inappropriate Antibiotic Prescriptions Among US Ambulatory Care Visits, 2010-2011, by Katherine E. Fleming-Dutra, Adam L. Hersh, Daniel J. Shapiro, Monina Bartoces, Eva A. Enns, Thomas M. File Jr, Jonathan A. Finkelstein, Jeffrey S. Gerber, David Y. Hyun, Jeffrey A. Linder, Ruth Lynfield, David J. Margolis, Larissa S. May, Daniel Merenstein, Joshua P. Metlay, Jason G. Newland, Jay F. Piccirillo, Rebecca M. Roberts, Guillermo V. Sanchez, Katie J. Suda, Ann Thomas, Teri Moser Woo, Rachel M. Zetts, and Lauri A. Hicks – A Brief History of the Antibiotic Era: Lessons Learned and Challenges for the Future, by Rustam I. Aminov – An enzyme from bacteria able to destroy penicillin. 1940, by E.P. Abraham and E. Chain – Antibiotic resistance: The last resort, by Maryn McKenna – Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Healthcare Settings – Why are there so few antibiotics in the research and development pipeline? by Elizabeth Sukkar – What is FMT? – Viruses join fight against harmful bacteria, by Anne Trafton – Music Notes (In order of appearance) Mystery Mammal – Kai Engel - Cyrus - Sul Rebel - All songs used under an license.
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Ep. 14: Man's Destiny Lies Within Himself
09/13/2016
Ep. 14: Man's Destiny Lies Within Himself
If things seem absurd or meaningless to you, you’re in good company. A group of philosophers known as the existentialists has for centuries been coming up with ways to turn that anxiety into opportunity. Today we examine some of the strategies developed by four prominent existentialists, all of whom took different approaches to bring meaning back to our world and our lives.
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Ep. 14 Show Notes
09/12/2016
Ep. 14 Show Notes
Abraham Sacrificing Isaac. Original oil on canvas by Laurent de La Hyre. Public domain image. In our next episode, out Tuesday, we take advice from some existentialist philosophers on how to function in an apparently meaningless world. Reading List: Genesis 22 (New International Version) – Søren Kierkegaard, by William McDonald – Fear and Trembling, by Søren Kierkegaard – Impossible Ethics: A Response to the Sacrifice of Isaac, by Aaron Hollander – Should We Admire Abraham's Willingness to Sacrifice His Son? by Carol Delaney – The Conflict of the Faculties, by Immanuel Kant – The Gay Science, by Friedrich Nietzsche – The Antichrist, by Friedrich Nietzsche – On the Genealogy of Morals, by Friedrich Nietzsche – The Stranger, by Albert Camus – The Myth Of Sisyphus And Other Essays, by Albert Camus – Albert Camus and The Myth of Sisyphus, by Svenja Schrahé – Nausea, by Jean-Paul Sartre - Existentialism is a Humanism, by Jean-Paul Sartre – Music Notes (In order of appearance) Nihilore – SK – Zoliborz – Juanitos - “The Absurd” used under an license. “Woke Up Feeling Blessed used under an license. “The Secret of Life” used under . “Sambarama” used under an license.
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Ep. 13: Nothing Matters
08/30/2016
Ep. 13: Nothing Matters
Where do things like morality and value come from? We tend to think of the meanings we imbue the world with as something akin to physical laws, but all the evidence suggests that we made them up as we went along. At the grand scale, nothing we do makes much of a difference outside our myopic interests. Even within human history, little that we do will last. Today on Frameshift we ask why bother, and we don’t come up with any good answers.
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Ep. 13 Show Notes
08/29/2016
Ep. 13 Show Notes
Vanitas - Still Life with Books and Manuscripts and a Skull. Original 1663 oil on canvas painting by Evert Collier. Public domain image. On the next episode of Frameshift, out Tuesday, we discover the fundamental meaninglessness of everything. Host Brandon T. Bisceglia gets personal. Not for the faint of heart. Reading List: Humanity Is Getting Verrrrrrry Close to Extinction, by Nathan Curry - What do scientists mean when the say 99% of all species went extinct? – Ecosystem Change - The Euthyphro Dilemma – Infant killing and cannibalism in free-living chimpanzees, by Jane Goodall - Leo Hendrik Baekeland – Heat Death: The Ultimate Fate of Our Universe, by Tom Hartsfield - What is the meaning of existential angst? by Jeremy Arnold - National Suicide Prevention Lifeline - Music Notes (In order of appearance) Barbarix - Scott Holmes - Lee Rosevere – We Is Shore Dedicated – All songs used under a .
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Ep. 12: Herd Immunity
08/16/2016
Ep. 12: Herd Immunity
How does a preventable disease, once eradicated from a modern nation, worm its way back into the populace? Answer: undermine the people’s confidence in the cure. Today on Frameshift, we examine the scare in the United Kingdom about the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine – a controversy that lasted over a decade and brought measles back into circulation. We spread the blame for the debacle across three perpetrators: Andrew Wakefield, who started the controversy with a fraudulent research paper; media organizations, who largely misrepresented the facts; and the editors of the Lancet, who published the study and put more effort into saving face than correcting the record.
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Ep. 12 Show Notes
08/15/2016
Ep. 12 Show Notes
Vaccine controversies began almost as soon as vaccines. The original smallpox vaccination involved giving people small doses of the related but harmless cowpox virus. This 1802 engraving caricatured some opponents’ beliefs that the vaccines could cause people to develop cow-like features. by James Gillroy. Public domain image. In our next episode, out Tuesday, we examine one of the biggest vaccine controversies in recent years. Reading List: Measles Cases and Outbreaks – “Herd Immunity”: A Rough Guide, by Paul Fine, Ken Eames, and David L. Heymann – History of Anti-Vaccination Movements – Retracted: Ileal-lymphoid-nodular hyperplasia, non-specific colitis, and pervasive developmental disorder in children, by Andrew J. Wakefield – Why autism cases seem to be on the rise, by Jenn Christensen - New research links autism and bowel disease - Brian Deer: the Lancet scandal – Ruling on doctor in MMR scare – Towards a better map: Science, the public and the media, by Ian Hargreaves, Justin Lewis, and Tammy Speers – Misleading media reporting? The MMR story, by Justin Lewis and Tammy Speers – Dr Andrew Jeremy Wakefield: Determination on Serious Professional Misconduct (SPM) and sanction – A statement by the editors of The Lancet, by Richard Horton – The lessons of MMR, by Richard Horton – The Lancet’s two days to bury bad news, by Brain Deer – Institutional and editorial misconduct in the MMR scare, by Fiona Godlee – No academic matter: Study links retractions to patient harm – Anti-Vaccine Film, Pulled From Tribeca Film Festival, Draws Crowd at Showing, by Melena Ryzik – Pertussis (Whooping Cough): Surveillance and Reporting – Music Notes (In order of appearance) Simon Mathewson – Bert Williams - Kosta T – David Mumford - “Doline Dub,” “SickNik(” and “Night Without Sleep (Instrumental)” used under a . “You Will Never Need a Doctor No More” used under .
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Ep 11: You Can't Imagine
08/02/2016
Ep 11: You Can't Imagine
The human imagination is seemingly boundless. But there are things we can’t imagine, things we have trouble picturing or lack the necessary biological hardware to process. Today we skirt along the edges of imagination’s limits by looking at the conceptual, historical and experiential veils that refuse to be lifted.
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Ep. 11 Show Notes
08/01/2016
Ep. 11 Show Notes
by the United State Fish and Wildlife Service – Pacific Region. In our next episode, out Tuesday, we brush up against the limits of human imagination. Reading List: What Is Nothing? Physicists Debate, by Clara Moskowitz – Jacques Derrida (1930—2004), by Jack Reynolds – Zenoʼs “Achilles and the Tortoise” Paradox and The Infinite Geometric Series, by Donald Byrd – “Universe,” from The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy, by Douglas Adams – “Total Perspective Vortex,” from The Hitchhiker’s Guide to the Galaxy, by Douglas Adams – Scale of the Universe – How Imagination Works, by By Shaunacy Ferro - The Biology of the Imagination, by Simon Baron-Cohen – Giambattista Vico and the psychological imagination, by Luca Tateo – The Electromagnetic Spectrum - Real-world superpowers: Eye surgery lets some see well into the ultraviolet, by Kevin Fogarty – The Magnetic Sense of Animals – What Is It Like to Be a Bat? by Thomas Nagel - What Mary Didn't Know - Music Notes (In order of appearance) Seclorance - Monroeville Music Center – Ambienteer - Jason Shaw – “Cellscape” used under a . “Swedish Fish” and “Ecclesia” used under a . “Nice and Easy” used under a .
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Ep. 10: Evolving Attitudes - Religious Tolerance Pt. 2
07/19/2016
Ep. 10: Evolving Attitudes - Religious Tolerance Pt. 2
New England today has one of the least religiously-inclined populations in the United States. But Connecticut and Massachusetts started out with establishment churches enshrined in law. How did these colonial theocracies rise, thrive and eventually dissolve? In a two-part series, we explore the church-state dynamic in early Connecticut. Part two explores the inner tensions of the church establishment, from conservative attempts to maintain order in the early 1700s, through the schisms created by the First Great Awakening, and finally to the formal separation of church and state in 1818.
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Ep. 10 Show Notes
07/18/2016
Ep. 10 Show Notes
“George Whitefield Preaching.” Original painting by John Collet. Image used under public domain. In our next episode, released Tuesday, we finish a two-part investigation into how New England’s religious attitudes have changed. Using Connecticut as a case study, we look at the rise and fall of colonial theocracy. Reading List The creeds and platforms of Congregationalism by Williston Walker – Gurdon Saltonstall – 1708 - Saybrook Platform – History of New London, Connecticut: From the First Survey of the Coast in 1612, to 1852, by Frances Manwaring Caulkins – Gender, Piety, and Secularization in Connecticut Religion, 1720-1775, by Barbara E. Lacey - Some Aspects of the Religious Life of New England, by George Leon Walker – Davenport, James, by Bill Youngs – James Davenport and the Great Awakening in New London, by Harry S. Stout and Peter Onuf – Against the Protestant Gnostics, by Philip J. Lee – Letters to Isaac Backus About Persecution in Massachusetts - An Appeal to the Public for Religious Liberty Against the Oppressions of the Present Day, by Isaac Backus – From Puritan to Yankee: Character and the Social Order in Connecticut, 1690-1765, by Richard L. Bushman – Historical notes on the constitutions of Connecticut, 1639-1818, by James Hammond Trumbull – The Connecticut State Constitution: A Reference Guide, by Wesley W. Horton – Toleration ticket. The honorable Oliver Wolcott for governor. And the honorable Jonathan Ingersoll, for lieut. Governor – The Constitution of Connecticut (1818) – Music Notes (In order of appearance) Spinningmerkaba - The Trumpeteers - Kellee Maize - Wild Shores - Organanometron,” “Dancing With Lightning” and “Cabalista” used under a . “Little Wooden Church” used under .
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Ep. 9: Evolving Attitudes - Religious Tolerance Pt. 1
07/05/2016
Ep. 9: Evolving Attitudes - Religious Tolerance Pt. 1
New England today has one of the least religiously-inclined populations in the United States. But Connecticut and Massachusetts started out 400 years ago with establishment churches enshrined in law. How did these colonial theocracies rise, thrive and eventually dissolve? In a two-part series, we explore the church-state dynamic in early Connecticut. Part one encompasses from the founding of the colony in the early 1600s to the first victories for religious pluralism in the early 1700s.
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Ep. 9 Show Notes
07/04/2016
Ep. 9 Show Notes
Original image from woodcut illustrations in Joseph Glanvill’s “Saducismus Triumphatus or, Full and Plain Evidence Concerning Witches and Apparitions,” published posthumously in 1681 in London. The book purported to provide proof of witches’ magical powers, and attacked skeptics of these abilities. It would become influential during the Salem Witch Trials a decade later. Public domain image. In our next episode, released Tuesday, we begin a two-part investigation into how New England’s religious attitudes have changed. Using Connecticut as a case study, we look at the rise and fall of colonial theocracy. Reading List The 1692 Salem Witch Trials – How religious is your state? – Connecticut Witch Trials and Posthumous Pardons, by Sandra Norman-Eady and Jennifer Bernier – The Oldest Schools in America, by Sarah Fundin – Godly Learning: Puritan Attitudes Towards Reason, Learning and Education, 1560-1640, by John Morgan – The Beginnings of New England: Or, The Puritan Theocracy in Its Relations to Civil and Religious Liberty, by John Fiske – Fundamental Orders of Connecticut – Complete History of Connecticut, Civil and Ecclesiastical, Volume 1, by Benjamin Trumbull – "Elizabeth Clawson ...Thou Deseruest to Dye," Ronald Marcus – Case of Mercy Disbrough – The New England States: Their Constitutional, Judicial, Educational, Commercial, Professional and Industrial History, Volume 1, by William Thomas Davis – Charges of Catherine Branch against Elizabeth Clawson (Elizabeth Clauson), Mercy Disbrough (Mercy Disbrow) and Goody Miller – Saducismus triumphatus: or, Full and plain evidence concerning witches and apparitions, by Joseph Glanvill – From Theoracy to Pluralism, by Peter Hanson - The Society for the Propagation of the Gospel in Foreign Parts – Annals of an old parish; historical sketches of Trinity church, Southport, Connecticut, 1725 to 1848, by Edmund Guilbert – The History of Fairfield, Fairfield County, Connecticut, from the Settlement of the Town in 1639 to 1818: 1700-1800, by Elizabeth Hubbell Godfrey Schenck – Just say “amen,” by Judith Ann Schiff – Music Notes (In order of appearance) Heinous Bienfäng and His Cheap Moves - Visager - The Columbines - Telepathic Teddy Bear – All songs used under a .
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