I Love Neuro
We are a couple of neurologic physical therapists on the quest to keep the passion, commitment, and possibilities alive for those who love neuro rehab and wellness like us, without burnout and overwhelm. This show is great for neuro therapists and trainers looking to stay up to date and make a greater impact. Join us in this important movement to elevate healthcare!
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268: When You’re Compelled To Serve With Leann Vitale, MS, OTR/L
06/02/2025
268: When You’re Compelled To Serve With Leann Vitale, MS, OTR/L
So many clinicians are passionate about ensuring their clients get everything they need to gain the level of independence and quality of life they deserve after diagnosis. The disappointing part is they don’t always have access to the expert care they need. That’s where Leann Vitale, MS, OTR/L found herself several years ago realizing she had a dream to start her own practice in order to fill the gap. Taking that leap is scary and risky. Fortunately she met the perfect contact and mentor to get her going! In this episode of the I Love Neuro podcast, Leann shares her transformative journey from hospital-based therapy to founding Orange County Occupational and Physical Therapy (OC OT and PT), a specialized neurological rehabilitation practice. Driven by a passion for helping patients with Parkinson's disease and stroke recovery, Leanne took a bold leap of faith, quitting her hospital job and collaborating with Claire at Rogue to create an innovative care model that bridges the gap between individual therapy and ongoing wellness. Leann's approach is unique in its commitment to comprehensive, patient-centered care. She shares the challenges and thoughtful decisions she made about her 60-minute model of care, accepting insurance and other decisions that felt right to her. Her story is a testament to the power of passion, adaptability, and a genuine commitment to improving neurological rehabilitation, offering inspiration to healthcare professionals looking to make a meaningful difference in patients' lives.
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267: Advanced Strategies And Insights For Treating Individuals With Ataxia With Dr. Jeannie Stephenson, PT, PhD, MS, NCS And Dr. Staci Shearin, PT, PhD, NCS, GCS
05/26/2025
267: Advanced Strategies And Insights For Treating Individuals With Ataxia With Dr. Jeannie Stephenson, PT, PhD, MS, NCS And Dr. Staci Shearin, PT, PhD, NCS, GCS
Treating individuals with ataxia is challenging for many reasons. Having some key insights from the literature is just what you need! That’s why on this week’s episode Erin Gallardo, PT, DPT, NCS interviewed Dr. Jeannie Stephenson, PT, PhD, MS, MCS and Dr. Staci Shearin, PT, PhD, NCS, GCS to discuss their research and clinical experiences in treating ataxia. The speakers recently presented a webinar inside NeuroSpark for members and the takeaways were so good we had to bring them on the podcast to share more! In the episode you’ll learn their insights on various types of ataxia, effective therapeutic approaches, and the importance of intensive task-specific training. They’ll debunk common misconceptions such as the most effective approach to training and whether or not weighting is a good idea. The answers may surprise you. They also provide practical advice for clinicians on using assistive devices, outcome measures, and external cues to enhance patient treatment and support. This episode is an informative resource for anyone interested in improving mobility and the quality of life for individuals with ataxia. Want to dive deeper into treating ataxia and get continuing education credits? Good news! We’ve recently updated the Ataxia Masterclass for PTs and OTs with 3 all NEW modules for a total of 6.25 contact hours, including the webinar mentioned in the episode by Dr. Stephenson and Dr. Shearin!
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266: How To Go From Mobile To Brick-And-Mortar In Neuro Rehab With Han Nguyen, PT, DPT, NCS
05/19/2025
266: How To Go From Mobile To Brick-And-Mortar In Neuro Rehab With Han Nguyen, PT, DPT, NCS
Are you a neuro clinician working mobile or thinking about starting your side gig? Perhaps you’ll want to expand into your own space. day. Perhaps you already are and want to see if you can learn anything new. This episode will break it all down! Erin Gallardo, PT, DPT, NCS has a conversation with Han Nguyen, PT, DPT, NCS about how she built Neubility Rehab from a mobile practice to a brick-and-mortar in St. Petersburg, FL. She shares her top tips for negotiating equipment and co-op space as well as strategies to increase revenue outside of patient care. Key Insights: - Negotiated equipment and space costs strategically - Focused on creating an accessible, specialized neurological rehabilitation clinic - Expanded beyond traditional PT by hosting community education courses Critical Business Strategies: - Always negotiate pricing and rates - Maintain an emergency fund for unexpected challenges - Collaborate with local nonprofits and healthcare professionals - Create multiple revenue streams through space rentals and continuing education The clinic's growth demonstrates the importance of: - Understanding your numbers - Being flexible in business model - Serving a specific community need - Continuously learning and adapting To see what Han’s creating go to Follow them on IG
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265: To Residency Or Not To Residency With Mari Biers, PT, DPT
05/12/2025
265: To Residency Or Not To Residency With Mari Biers, PT, DPT
A question many clinicians face is whether or not to go to a residency program. There are pros and cons either way and a LOT to consider. Additionally, with so many residencies available to clinicians there are things you want to look for that will be a good fit for you. Erin Gallardo, PT, DPT, NCS and Claire McLean, PT, DPT, NCS talk with Mari Biers, PT, DPT who is currently completing a neurologic residency at the University of Missouri. This conversation highlights multiple perspectives as Mari is currently in residency, Claire completed a neurologic residency and Erin did not do a residency. Mari highlights the immense value of residency programs for new physical therapists seeking accelerated professional growth and we also touch on the ways that you can grow without doing a residency since it is not the only path to clinical excellence. Key Takeaways: - Residencies offer intensive mentorship, improving clinical reasoning and confidence - Programs provide comprehensive learning across different healthcare settings - Participants gain deep insights into specialized neurological treatment approaches - Continuous feedback and structured learning help rapidly develop clinical skills Mari's experience demonstrates that residencies are more than just additional training - they're a pathway to becoming an exceptional clinician. While challenging, these programs provide unparalleled opportunities for professional development, research exposure, and specialized neurological rehabilitation expertise. For ongoing mentorship and lifelong learning join NeuroSpark! Go to to learn more. Instagram:
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264: Dementia Care - Evidence-Based Strategies For Rehabilitation Professionals With Dr. Natalie Douglas, PhD, CCC-SLP
05/05/2025
264: Dementia Care - Evidence-Based Strategies For Rehabilitation Professionals With Dr. Natalie Douglas, PhD, CCC-SLP
We’ve heard from our audience a lot that working with people with dementia can be very challenging for a number of reasons. In this episode Erin Gallardo, PT, DPT, NCS interviewed Dr. Natalie Douglas, a speech-language pathologist and dementia expert on her insights for rehabilitation professionals working with individuals living with dementia. Learn key tools that will help individuals follow through with tasks more independently while breaking down the barriers to application of the tools, practical strategies, do’s and don’ts of working with individuals with dementia and how to approach the topic of ongoing maintenance vs when it’s time to discharge to wellness. Upcoming Resource: Dr. Douglas will be teaching a comprehensive dementia care masterclass in NeuroSpark this summer, offering practical case studies and intervention techniques for PTs, OTs and assistants. Go to to learn more about NeuroSpark. Professionals can download her free communication training manual to enhance their dementia care approach. Communication strategies download: new bluesky: @natfdouglas.bsky.social
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263: Every Vestibular System Has A Person With Marc Broberg, PT, DPT, NCS
04/28/2025
263: Every Vestibular System Has A Person With Marc Broberg, PT, DPT, NCS
Today’s episode compares persistent dizziness with persistent pain. There are patterns and insights from the literature that can help clinicians improve their approach to treating people with dizziness. Erin Gallardo, PT, DPT, NCS interviews Marc Broberg, PT, DPT, NCS on his theories after diving into the literature and treating people with dizziness for 15 plus years. Marc explains how approximately 25% of people with dizziness develop persistent symptoms. He shares the one key factor in determining how well they will recover. He believes successful treatment isn't about eliminating symptoms, but empowering patients to reconnect with their lives and rebuild their sense of self. Clinicians and patients alike can learn that recovery is a collaborative journey, not just a medical intervention.
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262: Delivering Intensive Virtual Rehabilitation Through Neurofenix With Amy Rohe, MS, OTR/L, CSRS, ATP
04/21/2025
262: Delivering Intensive Virtual Rehabilitation Through Neurofenix With Amy Rohe, MS, OTR/L, CSRS, ATP
We all know rehab is not accessible to everyone who needs it after a neurologic injury. There are a number of reasons why, and, fortunately, there are also people looking to solve that problem. On today’s show we interviewed Amy Rohe, MS, OTR/L, CSRS, ATP who works for Neurofenix, a company that is transforming neurological rehabilitation with its innovative virtual therapy platform. The primary tool used by the OTs of Neurofenix is the NeuroBall, an FDA-approved device, that offers patients engaging, data-driven occupational therapy from the comfort of their homes. This model of delivery is really unique and interesting for clinicians and innovators in the healthcare space! The approach addresses critical gaps in traditional rehabilitation by providing accessible, consistent therapy for patients with neurological conditions, particularly stroke survivors. With over 90% patient adherence and plans for expansion, Neurofenix represents the future of technology-driven rehabilitation. Learn more about Neurofenix at IG Reach out at:
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261: Emerging Research In Neuro Rehab With Dr. Tim Faw, PT, DPT, PhD
04/14/2025
261: Emerging Research In Neuro Rehab With Dr. Tim Faw, PT, DPT, PhD
Staying up on the latest evidence in neuro rehab? This interview is for you! Erin Gallardo, PT, DPT, NCS interviewed Dr. Timothy Faw, a neuroscientist and physical therapist about his research path - where he’s been and where it’s going. Tim discusses the work his labs have done in a few areas including the plasticity of gray matter and myelin and the implications on motor learning and movement in spinal cord injury. He also discusses tactics on eccentric gait training - that are basically the opposite of what we think of as high intensity - and how they are impacting outcomes. More recently his work has led him to study genetic factors in neurologic recovery including the markers for better or worse outcomes and drug trials. And to ensure listeners leave the conversation with action items, he’ll provide his takeaways and clinical pearls that you can start incorporating immediately. Tim emphasizes that rehabilitation is about more than just intensity—it's about creating meaningful, challenging, and novel movement experiences that engage the brain's adaptive capabilities. Clinicians and students interested in cutting-edge neuro rehab approaches can contact Dr. Faw at for more information. X - @timothy_faw Faculty Website -
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260: Improving Parkinson's Care In Rural Areas: Insights From A Physical Therapy Monitoring Program With Jamie Haines, PT, DScPT, NCS
04/07/2025
260: Improving Parkinson's Care In Rural Areas: Insights From A Physical Therapy Monitoring Program With Jamie Haines, PT, DScPT, NCS
When people live in a rural area it can be very challenging for them to get access to specialty care. What are they missing? What could be different? How can we help? In this episode, Erin Gallardo, PT, DPT, NCS sits down with Jamie Haines, PT, DScPT, NCS to discuss her work on a Parkinson's disease monitoring program in rural Michigan. People with Parkinson's in rural areas face significant barriers to accessing specialized care, with only 9% seeing a movement disorder specialist. Jamie's program involved visiting participants 3 times over a year, providing individualized assessments, recommendations, and education. This hands-on approach helped participants improve their fall risk factors, though self-efficacy was slower to change. She shares insights on why that could be and what can be done. Jamie shares key findings from her project and provides advice to those living in rural areas. This work highlights the critical need to address the disparities in Parkinson's care for those living in underserved communities. Jamie's dedication to finding solutions is inspiring, and her insights can help guide future efforts to improve access and outcomes. To learn more about how the program got started and other details listen to this episode: To get mentorship from Jamie inside NeuroSpark and Parkinson Focus Track visit today!
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259: Why Goggles Are Essential And How They Became Accessible In Vestibular Care With Patrick Esmonde
03/31/2025
259: Why Goggles Are Essential And How They Became Accessible In Vestibular Care With Patrick Esmonde
Vestibular nerds this one is for you! Even if you’re just a regular neuro nerd, you’ll love this episode. Erin Gallardo interviews Patrick Esmonde of Vestibular First. Patrick shares the inspiring story behind the creation of Vestibular First and the company's mission to develop affordable, accessible tools to support clinicians in providing better vestibular care. Since necessity is the mother of invention, Patrick details the process of building the first prototype of Vestibular First goggles in a single night, leveraging his diverse technical skills and material purchased on Amazon. Goggles are essential in vestibular care for a number of reasons, which Patrick discusses as well as how inaccessible they have been until Vestibular First came to be. In addition to having goggles, educational tools that help clinicians explain to patients why they are experiencing dizziness and what is actually going on in their inner ear were lacking. Vestibular First has a strong desire for accuracy and accessibility in their education tools and realistic models so you don’t need to use your imagination to understand what is actually going on. Throughout the conversation, Patrick's passion for the vestibular community shines through. He speaks of the dedication and unique challenges faced by clinicians in this field, and the immense satisfaction of knowing their work is helping patients regain their quality of life. Vestibular First's story is a testament to the power of innovation driven by real-world needs. By prioritizing affordability, ease of use, and educational resources, the company is making a significant impact in the vestibular rehabilitation space, empowering clinicians and improving patient outcomes. You are sure to be inspired! Learn more about Vestibular First and all of their resources at Follow them on IG Get in touch with Patrick on LinkedIn
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258: The Best Marketing Strategies For Your Neuro Clinic With Sarah King, PT, DPT
03/24/2025
258: The Best Marketing Strategies For Your Neuro Clinic With Sarah King, PT, DPT
Join this conversation where Erin Gallardo, PT, DPT, NCS dives into Sarah King, PT, DPT’s winding career as a mobile practice owner turned online entrepreneur turned Director of Marketing for 5 rehab clinics in TX. Sarah goes way back with NeuroCollaborative to the literal beginnings. We discussed how it came to be and why she decided to step aside when it became official. Sarah then discusses her journey with Invigorate, her own physical therapy and wellness practice specializing in Parkinson's disease. She describes the challenges of providing care within insurance limitations and the decision to become a mobile, cash-based practice then eventually serving in the online space for people with PD. Sarah openly shares the thought process that ultimately led her to shutting down Invigorate physical therapy and wellness. Following her intuition Sarah landed in a position at Spero Rehab, a multi-location practice in TX that offers a mix of neuro and orthopedic services. She highlights Spero's key marketing strategies and provides insights to anyone looking to grow their practice with more reliable tactics than word of mouth. Sarah also discusses Spero's partnerships with nonprofits like the Lone Star Paralysis Foundation, which have provided equipment and resources to better serve their neuro patients. She emphasizes the importance of collaboration and connection in the neurotherapy community and what that looks like as well as the key ingredients responsible for the growth of Spero.. Learn more about Spero Rehab at Connect on IG:
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257: How VR Replaced Sensory Organization Testing With Dr. Geoff Wright, PhD
03/17/2025
257: How VR Replaced Sensory Organization Testing With Dr. Geoff Wright, PhD
In this episode, host Erin Gallardo, PT, DPT, NCS interviews Dr. W. Geoffrey Wright, a professor and director of the neuro motor sciences program at Temple University. Dr. Wright is also the co-founder and principal scientist at UprightVR, a company dedicated to developing virtual reality-based solutions for assessing and improving balance. While some clinicians may have been lucky enough to have the NeuroCom Balance Master, others have been using simple foam to conduct an “objective” measure of sensory organization. Thanks to VR and specifically UprightVR, sensory organization testing is portable, accurate, and full of data. Dr. Wright's journey into VR began in the mid-to-late 90s, when his PhD mentors at Brandeis University introduced him to the technology. Despite the prohibitive cost of VR headsets at the time, Dr. Wright recognized its potential for clinical and research applications. Over the years, the affordability and capabilities of VR have significantly improved, with Oculus's affordable headset in 2010 further democratizing the technology. In addition to his academic research, Dr. Wright has focused on studying conditions such as traumatic brain injury and Parkinson's disease. He explains the two-pronged aspect of his work - understanding the neuro control system and improving outcomes for patients. Upright VR initially focused on reducing fall risk in older adults, but has since expanded to address a wider range of balance disorders, including concussion treatment. The device is designed to be used by physical therapists for pre and post-treatment measurements, providing objective outcomes. The Upright VR test involves visual vestibular mismatch and sensory reweighting conditions, aiming to identify specific sensory integration problems. Dr. Wright explains the importance of these conditions in assessing balance and the rationale behind the space capsule-like environment. Beyond assessment, Upright VR offers targeted rehab modules in the form of games designed to address specific deficits, such as vestibular or ocular reflex problems. The device also provides recommendations based on test results to guide clinicians in their treatment plans. Contact Dr. Wright at: UprightVR: Find UprightVR at
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256: Overcoming Barriers To Implementing High Intensity Locomotor Training With Dr. Annie Tapp, PT, DPT, PhD, NCS
03/10/2025
256: Overcoming Barriers To Implementing High Intensity Locomotor Training With Dr. Annie Tapp, PT, DPT, PhD, NCS
In today’s episode Erin Gallardo, PT, DPT, NCS talks with Annie Tapp, PT, DPT, PhD, NCS to discuss her research on the barriers and facilitators to implementing high-intensity gait training for stroke rehabilitation (and beyond). Months ago Annie was recruiting survey respondents for her PhD dissertation study on high intensity gait training in inpatient rehab. NeuroCollaborative allowed her to email and post her survey to our audience and today’s conversation is a follow up to see what she learned. Annie’s research data revealed common facilitators and barriers to implementing high intensity gait training for clinicians. There were some surprises and she shares what they were as well as future research questions. Does it have to only be done with walking? We discussed the core factors that make high intensity training desirable as well as what to do when you don’t have the equipment or an appropriate candidate for treadmill training. You’ll learn creative ways to implement high intensity training as well as the reason behind it. We also discuss what you’ll also need to add in addition to high intensity training because this impairment does not necessarily improve and needs to be addressed separately. Nervous about taking someone with an acute stroke who may have never worked out before into high levels of intensity? We talk about that too! Feel free to contact Articles mentioned in the episode: Tapp, A., Griswold, D., Dray, D., Landgraff, N., & Learman, K. (2024). High-intensity locomotor training during inpatient rehabilitation improves the discharge ambulation function of patients with stroke. A systematic review with meta-analysis. Topics in stroke rehabilitation, 31(5), 431–445. https://doi.org/10.1080/10749357.2024.2304960 Tapp, A., Dray, D., Griswold, D., Haybarger, R., & Learman, K. (2024). A retrospective analysis of a clinician-initiated high-intensity locomotor training implementation project in an inpatient rehabilitation facility. Physiotherapy theory and practice, 1–10. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593985.2024.2424354 Tapp, A. (2024). From Evidence to Practice: Efficacy and Implementation of High-intensity Locomotor Training for Stroke Rehabilitation [Doctoral dissertation, Youngstown State University]. OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1733749623360122
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255: How We’re Going To Expand Access to Neuro Expertise
03/03/2025
255: How We’re Going To Expand Access to Neuro Expertise
On today’s show Erin Gallardo, PT, DPT, NCS and Claire McLean, PT, DPT, NCS, recap their experience at the recent APTA’s CSM conference and what stood out. Neuro Collaborative was founded with the mission of helping people start neuro-focused practices and programs in their communities, to increase access to specialized neurological care and services. We grew into providing mentorship and continuing education, and part of the mission continues to be helping people start and sustain practices. We’ll explore the challenges of running a neuro-only clinic, including the need for supplementary revenue streams. We’ll discuss various solutions to creating a sustainable practice in neuro because it looks very different than an ortho practice. Be sure to follow us on IG and send us a DM if you have questions about your neuro biz! Listen to our previous episode with Adriaan Louw,
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254: How And Why BlazePod + Neuro Rehab = A Power Combo With Michael Cummings
02/24/2025
254: How And Why BlazePod + Neuro Rehab = A Power Combo With Michael Cummings
In this episode, hosts Erin Gallardo, PT, DPT, NCS and Claire McLean, PT, DPT, NCS sit down with Michael Cummings, the Director of Education for BlazePod USA. Michael shares his personal connection to neurotherapy through his experiences with family members affected by Alzheimer's and epilepsy. Michael explains how his background as a strength and conditioning coach led him to discover BlazePod and collaborate with the company. He highlights the seamless integration of BlazePod's "reactive intelligence" platform with his training methods focused on enhancing cognitive abilities with elite athletes. The discussion delves into the different ways BlazePod goes beyond the fitness world and into function, how to do that and the open ended question of why it matters to increase reaction time in the neuro population. We also address the challenges physical therapists face in adopting new technologies like BlazePod, such as time constraints and lack of creativity in busy schedules. Looking ahead, the BlazePod team is launching a new "Training Hub" feature to provide easier access to exercises and drills. Currently NeuroCollaborative has a webpage with free activities clinicians can upload to their app and run for free. Find the link to that page below! Follow Michael // Find great free exercises to use with your BlazePods here: Don’t have BlazePod yet? Get a 20% discount with our affiliate code by going here:
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253: Mastering No-Cost Marketing Strategies With Emily Duval Ledger
02/17/2025
253: Mastering No-Cost Marketing Strategies With Emily Duval Ledger
In this episode, neuro business coach Emily Duval Ledger joins Erin Gallardo, PT, DPT, NCS and Claire McLean, PT, DPT, NCS for a discussion about marketing and no-cost strategies. Recently Emily challenged her coaching clients to a "no money marketing quarter" - an exercise to hone their skills at effective, low-cost marketing tactics. The discussion highlighted several important strategies for neuro practices: Setting Specific Goals: Rather than vague aims like "grow my business," Emily stressed the importance of defining measurable goals, like increasing your client base by a certain number each month. This allows you to track progress and determine marketing ROI. Nurturing Referral Relationships: Building authentic connections with referral sources, like other healthcare providers, was emphasized as a powerful long-term strategy. Keeping these partners informed and making them feel like heroes for sending you clients is key. Pricing for Value: Offering packages that deliver the best results for clients, rather than just having multiple price points, was recommended. This ensures you attract the right clients and get paid for the true value you provide. The discussion provided practical, low-cost tips neuro businesses can implement to effectively market themselves and grow their practices. The key is focusing on strategies that align with your unique clientele and services. If you have a neuro business and want to join our NeuroBiz Besties free Slack group, so we can learn more about you and see if it’s a good fit!
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252: Science Made Me Do It: Chosen VS Forced Behavior Change With Mike Studer, PT, DPT, MHS, NCS
02/10/2025
252: Science Made Me Do It: Chosen VS Forced Behavior Change With Mike Studer, PT, DPT, MHS, NCS
Interested in the best habits for you and your clients to improve healthspan not just lifespan? Join as Erin and Claire talk with Dr. Mike Studer PT, DPT, MHS, NCS, CEEAA, CWT, CSST, FAPTA, a renowned physical therapist and author, to discuss his new book "The Brain That Chooses Itself." We asked Mike our burning questions from the concepts in the book to help demystify information around exercise vs physical activity, sleep, nutrition and more. Some of the questions we addressed were how to provide choice to clients in a way that doesn’t overwhelm them, how to understand when the activities we’re doing or choices we’re making are releasing neurochemicals like dopamine, serotonin, and oxytocin, why Mike says “exercise is medicine” is dead and more! Get your opportunity to learn more and ask Mike your questions live by registering for a free webinar! Register here: Follow Mike on IG
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251: How To Make Life Better For People With PD TODAY With Russell Meyerowitz
02/03/2025
251: How To Make Life Better For People With PD TODAY With Russell Meyerowitz
In this episode, hosts Erin Gallardo and Claire McLean interviewed Russell Meyerowitz, the founder of the Parkinson Wellness Fund, a nonprofit with a mission to help PWP (people with Parkinson’s) by providing funds for services and equipment that will make life better right now. The Parkinson Wellness Fund was born out of Russell's desire to provide immediate relief and support to families affected by Parkinson's, in contrast to the heavy focus on research and finding a "cure" in the other nonprofits in the Parkinson's community. Russell emphasized the need to address the realities of living with Parkinson's today, including the significant financial and emotional toll on people and their loved ones. The Parkinson Wellness Fund provides grants averaging $350-$400 to cover a wide range of needs, from fitness classes and home modifications to assistive devices. The organization is committed to removing barriers and making their services accessible to all PWP, regardless of their financial situation or location. Russell shared his perspective on the challenges of the current healthcare system and research landscape around Parkinson's. He questioned the focus on finding a "cure" when the costs of living with Parkinson's are already so high for many families. Instead, he advocated for a greater emphasis on improving quality of life through exercise, nutrition, and accessible support services. Russell shared stories of how the Parkinson Wellness Fund has helped families connect with resources and find hope in the midst of their struggles. Learn more about the Parkinson’s Wellness Fund at - Please support it and share it with anyone who could benefit from a grant! Follow them in IG
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250: Uncovering The Role Of Speech Therapy In FND With Jenn Freeburn, MS, CCC-SLP
01/27/2025
250: Uncovering The Role Of Speech Therapy In FND With Jenn Freeburn, MS, CCC-SLP
In this episode of the I Love Neuro podcast, host Erin Gallardo interviews speech-language pathologist Jenn Freeburn about her work treating patients with functional neurological disorders (FND). Freeburn, a specialist in acquired motor speech and cognitive communication disorders, provides a fascinating overview of the often overlooked role of speech therapy in this complex condition. Freeburn explains that 30-50% of patients with functional motor symptoms may also experience speech-related issues, ranging from stuttering and functional dysarthria to changes in prosody and vocal quality. SLPs can also work with patients with functional cognitive disorder, a lesser-known aspect of FND that can involve memory problems, word-finding difficulties, and other cognitive challenges. As well as functional swallowing disorders, which often overlap with vocal symptoms and can lead to significant weight loss and deconditioning. In terms of treatment, Freeburn emphasizes the importance of a thorough assessment and a patient-centered, collaborative approach. She shares examples of creative techniques, such as using external cues, distractions, and even mimicry, to help patients regain natural speech patterns. Freeburn also highlights the potential for significant improvement, noting that some patients can achieve near-complete recovery of their symptoms. Throughout the conversation, Freeburn advocates for increased awareness and understanding of the role of speech therapy in FND and a collaborative approach. Check out the resources shared: and we’ve gathered
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249: Navigating The PhD Journey And Advancing Vestibular Expertise With Christina Garrity, PT, DPT, NCS
01/20/2025
249: Navigating The PhD Journey And Advancing Vestibular Expertise With Christina Garrity, PT, DPT, NCS
In this episode of the I Love Neuro podcast, host Erin Gallardo sits down with Christina Garrity, PT, DPT, NCS who is currently pursuing her PhD at the University of Cincinnati. Christina took an unconventional path into her PhD and has gotten a new appreciation for our profession in the process. She provides insights into the time commitment and coursework involved, highlighting the focus on research ethics, study design, and statistical analysis while also being a clinic owner. While Christina’s outpatient clinic focuses on vestibular patients, her PhD research focuses on stroke and why she likes this. In the show we discuss how to be a responsible consumer of research literature because there are things you may not be seeing unless you think more critically. Christina also shares her perspectives on the practical application of clinical practice guidelines and the necessity of individualized care. Christina is also the lead mentor in the collaborative group VestiBesties. In VestiBesties, she appreciates the ability to provide real-time feedback and guidance to participants, addressing advanced vestibular assessments, concussion interventions, and other complex topics. Follow Christina in IG
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248: Tackling the Challenges of Treating Ataxia With JJ Mowder-Tinney, PT, PhD, NCS
01/13/2025
248: Tackling the Challenges of Treating Ataxia With JJ Mowder-Tinney, PT, PhD, NCS
As rehab professionals, we often face unique challenges when working with patients who have ataxia. In today’s episode Claire McLean, PT, DPT, NCS, J.J. Mowder-Tinney, PT, PhD, NCS and Erin Gallardo, PT, DPT, NCS have a group discussion about working with people with it. One of the primary challenges is that often there can be slow progress. This can be exacerbated by the diverse underlying causes and presentations of ataxia, making it difficult to develop standardized treatment approaches. In today’s show we’ll discuss a couple of main points the research emphasizes to incorporate in your treatments for people with ataxia. We’ll discuss the question of how to divide up your time in the session, how to uncover what their true capabilities are, and how to balance care partner training into sessions. Some treatment examples include incorporating sensory input, start-stop techniques, resistance training, whole task versus part task training, ocular motor training and visual tracking exercises to address the challenges patients face with balance and stability. Join us for a free webinar on working with patients with Ataxia on Jan 28, 2025! Register here:
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247: Follow These 5 Neuroplastic Principles To Improve Patient Outcomes (With Examples!) With Briana Elson, MS, OTR/L
01/06/2025
247: Follow These 5 Neuroplastic Principles To Improve Patient Outcomes (With Examples!) With Briana Elson, MS, OTR/L
In this episode occupational therapist Briana Elson, MS, OTR/L, BCPR, CBIS joined host Erin Gallardo, PT, DPT, NCS to discuss 5 principles of neuroplasticity and how they can be applied in neurorehabilitation. Note: In a previous episode a different 5 were discussed (see the link to that episode below). No need to listen to the previous episode to get what you need out of this one though! In this episode, we discuss what the principles are and how to apply them to your neuro caseload: 1. Time Matters - Yes we know this, but what does that look like and what if time isn’t on your side? Learn what to do! 2. Salience Matters - This one is so important, but what if your patient MUST learn a novel task?? (For example, someone with vision impairment who must learn to use equipment or new strategies to navigate the environment). Is there any hope? Turns out there is! 3. Age Matters - Younger brains demonstrate more plasticity, but we work with so many people with aging brains. What should you know? 4. Transference - Skills learned in one area can transfer to similar tasks, which is especially useful in cognitive rehabilitation when teaching strategies. How can you harness this? 5. Interference - Do previous compensatory behaviors interfere with retraining proper movement patterns? What about the argument that kinematics don’t matter, just get someone moving? Why context matters and how and when to use error augmentation vs error-less learning. to learn more about NeuroSpark and get access to Bri’s lecture on Central Vision mentioned in the episode!
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246: Tips For Running An Effective Strength Circuit Class For People With Parkinson’s
12/30/2024
246: Tips For Running An Effective Strength Circuit Class For People With Parkinson’s
If you’re looking to develop a strength circuit class for people with neurologic diagnosis this episode is for you! Running a circuit class for people with physical and/or cognitive deficits can have challenges. You need to be mindful in order to ensure safety while also challenging your clients enough to promote change. This episode Erin Gallardo and Claire McLean will break down the method and approach that Claire uses at Rogue PT and Wellness running her 40 weekly exercise classes for people with PD. In the show we’ll break down the types of exercises to include in your circuit, short cuts to reduce confusion, the flow and structure of a comprehensive class, how to approach the conversation about which class is right for your client, and when to split into different levels of classes. Check out a related past episode:
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245: Unlocking The Potential Of Virtual Reality In Neurorehabilitation With Ramiro Maldonado, PT, DPT
12/23/2024
245: Unlocking The Potential Of Virtual Reality In Neurorehabilitation With Ramiro Maldonado, PT, DPT
Curious about how using Virtual reality (VR) could help you with prevention, assessment and treatment of your neuro patients? VR and AR (augmented reality) is emerging as a powerful tool in the world of neurorehabilitation, and Ramiro Maldonado, PT, DPT, a physical therapist with UprightVR, shares the research on the transformative capabilities of this technology. Ramiro highlights how the true power of a good VR system lies in its ability to drive neuroplasticity by creating immersive environments that challenge and retrain sensory systems. By manipulating visual inputs and leveraging principles of motor learning, VR tools can tap into the key principles of neuroplasticity, such as repetition, context specificity, and multimodal sensory integration. One particularly intriguing aspect is the concept of "avatar representation," where VR creates a digital clone of the patient, allowing them to witness and experience their own healthy movement patterns. This innovative approach can significantly enhance motor learning and functional recovery. Ramiro also discusses the potential of VR in balance assessment and training. By expanding on traditional sensory organization testing, VR-based assessments can provide highly accurate and standardized data, enabling clinicians to identify deficits earlier and tailor interventions accordingly. As the field of neurorehabilitation continues to evolve, the integration of virtual reality holds immense promise. By harnessing the power of this technology, clinicians can unlock new avenues for neuroplasticity-driven recovery, ultimately improving outcomes and quality of life for their patients.
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244: When Pediatric Clients Grow Up With Cameron Brown, PT, DPT, PCS
12/16/2024
244: When Pediatric Clients Grow Up With Cameron Brown, PT, DPT, PCS
Are you used to working with adults with neurologic conditions and get intimidated by young adults or those with “pediatric” diagnoses? Many neuro therapists feel like they’re not the best person to help an adult with cerebral palsy, autism, spina bifida or other typical diagnoses made in childhood… but they’re wrong! In this episode hosts Erin Gallardo and Claire McLean talk to Cameron Brown, PT, DPT, PCS about care across the lifespan and give you the confidence you need to help these clients. In the show we discuss why neuro therapists are well-equipped to work with younger populations and how to adapt what you do for this population. Working with autistic adults is something many neuro therapists may not be accustomed to. Learn which strategies will work best to help these clients succeed. If you’ve ever felt like you weren’t “cool” enough to get along with younger adult patients we’ve also got tips for that! Regardless of how you’ve felt in the past, this episode will allow you to have the confidence you need to help the clients who really need you! Resources shared: Follow Cameron Brown on IG Follow NABPT
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243: Using A Sensory-Based Approach For Treating Functional Neurological Disorders
12/09/2024
243: Using A Sensory-Based Approach For Treating Functional Neurological Disorders
Working with clients with Functional neurologic disorders (FND) can be confusing and challenging. If you’re stuck and aren’t sure how to help your clients you’ve gotta check out this episode! Occupational therapists and industry leaders in the treatment of FND Julie MacLean and Jessica Ranford discuss their expertise in using a sensory-based approach to treatment. In their work they noticed certain patterns emerging for people experiencing FND. By conducting detailed sensory profiles and histories, the OTs were able to identify patterns in how these patients processed sensory information. Many exhibited heightened sensory sensitivity, sensory avoidance, and low sensory registration - leading to cognitive, emotional, and motor control issues. The OTs developed a multi-step treatment approach focused on: 1) Increasing patient self-awareness of their sensory processing and arousal levels 2) Exploring individualized sensory strategies to self-regulate 3) Creating personalized "sensory diets" of activities to maintain balance This sensory-based framework, combined with motor retraining when needed, has been effective in helping FND patients improve their symptoms and expand their participation in daily life. Overall, this discussion highlighted the valuable role occupational therapy can play in assessing and treating the complex sensory processing difficulties experienced by many individuals with functional neurological disorders. FND specific resources: OT and sensory processing specific resources: Recent OT publications: McCombs KE, MacLean J, Finkelstein SA, Goedeken S, Perez DL, Ranford J. Neurol Clin Pract. 2024 Jun;14(3):e200286. Ranford J, MacLean J. Neurol Clin. 2023 Nov;41(4):695-709. doi: 10.1016/j.ncl.2023.02.008. Epub 2023 Apr 20 Ranford J, MacLean J, Alluri PR, Comeau O, Godena E, LaFrance WC Jr, Hunt A, Stephen CD, Perez DL.Psychosomatics. 2020 Jul-Aug;61(4):343-352. Nicholson C, Edwards MJ, Carson AJ, Gardiner P, Golder D, Hayward K, Humblestone S, Jinadu H, Lumsden C, MacLean J, Main L, Macgregor L, Nielsen G, Oakley L, Price J, Ranford J, Ranu J, Sum E, Stone J. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry. 2020 Oct;91(10):1037-1045.
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242: Revolutionizing Gait With Variable Friction Shoes With Dr. Tyler Susko Of Cadense
12/02/2024
242: Revolutionizing Gait With Variable Friction Shoes With Dr. Tyler Susko Of Cadense
Do you work with any clients who have trouble clearing their foot in swing phase of gait? If you said yes, this episode is for you! Dr. Tyler Susko, the founder and CTO of Cadense, Inc. is here to share the fascinating origin story behind Cadense's flagship product - the world's first variable friction shoes. The concept stemmed from Dr. Susko's PhD research at MIT, where he developed the "MIT Skywalker" - a robotic system that allowed patients to walk by dropping the floor during the swing phase. A comment from a research participant led Dr. Susko to create a passive, material-based shoe design that can dynamically adjust its coefficient of friction. Through extensive prototyping and user testing, the Cadense shoes have shown promising results for patients with a variety of neurological conditions, including stroke, cerebral palsy, Parkinson’s and multiple sclerosis. The shoes help facilitate foot clearance and improve gait symmetry and rhythmicity. If you want to see these for yourself and try them out Cadense offers a free pair to clinicians who sign up for the Cadense Coaches program. The program provides free shoes and support to clinicians interested in incorporating the technology into their practice. He also shares exciting plans for future research and development, including projects on AFO-compatible shoes and variable friction on different sides of the shoe. Learn more about Cadense and the at Follow them on IG
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241:Unlocking The Secrets Of Facial Rehabilitation With Sheri Donaldson, PT, DPT, NCS
11/25/2024
241:Unlocking The Secrets Of Facial Rehabilitation With Sheri Donaldson, PT, DPT, NCS
Ever wonder what to do with a patient with facial palsy? Can they recover? What should you NOT do that can actually make it much worse? Tune in and find out! In this episode, Erin Gallardo, PT, DPT, NCS had the pleasure of speaking with Dr. Sheri Donaldson, PT, DPT, NCS. Dr. Donaldson shared her extensive expertise in the niche field of facial rehabilitation and the specialized techniques she employs to help patients with facial paralysis recover. Sheri emphasized the importance of the face in human expression and communication. She discussed the challenges faced by patients with facial paralysis, including the emotional impact and the difficulties with everyday tasks like eating and drinking. A key focus of the discussion was the delicate nature of facial retraining and the need for a customized, precision-based approach. Sheri shared her insights on the do's and don'ts of facial rehabilitation, cautioning against a couple of things that are controversial like electrical stimulation, mirrors, acupuncture, and botox. Sheri emphasized the importance of early intervention, the use of outcome measures like the Sunnybrook Facial Grading System, and the value of seeking mentorship and continuing education in this specialized field. Email: Website:
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240: Who Made Me The Leader? How To Lead (Not Manage) A Team
11/18/2024
240: Who Made Me The Leader? How To Lead (Not Manage) A Team
Have you ever thought, “I’m really not good at managing people”? Or felt overwhelmed by the idea of being responsible for someone else? As business owners, the success of our ventures often hinges on the strength of our teams. In this episode of the I Love Neuro Podcast, Emily Duval Ledger, Erin Gallardo, and Claire McLean share their experiences and lessons learned about leading a team. Emily reflects on her early struggles as a new business owner, admitting that she initially tried to overcompensate for her insecurities by being overly decisive and not listening to her team. Claire and Erin echo the challenges of transitioning from skilled practitioners to effective managers. The conversation delves into the nuances of hiring the right people, creating a positive team culture, and having difficult conversations when necessary. The panelists stress the importance of understanding your own leadership style, being transparent with potential hires, and evolving job roles to align with individual strengths. This insightful discussion offers a roadmap for aspiring and seasoned entrepreneurs alike, highlighting the challenges and rewards of building a thriving team. As you navigate the journey of business ownership, remember to embrace the opportunity for continuous improvement and the joy of watching your team members flourish.
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239: UPDATE: Create Your Own Harness Set Up Like Rogue’s
11/11/2024
239: UPDATE: Create Your Own Harness Set Up Like Rogue’s
On today’s episode Claire McLean and Erin Gallardo offer an update to a previous episode on setting up overhead harness systems for your neuro rehab gym the way Claire has it set up at Rogue. Rogue has a DIY, relatively inexpensive setup using things like anchors, rope ratchets, and construction-style harnesses. The big update to share was finding some new products that have really improved the comfort and usability of their system. The addition of "quick links,” which are essentially two carabiners connected by a nylon spacer helps keep the bulky pulleys and hardware away from people's heads. They also talked about using a spreader bar, which helps position the support points even further away when doing single-point balance training. Claire was really excited about these little upgrades, saying they were "game changers" that made a big difference in how comfortable and safe the system is for their clients. Additionally they also discussed other helpful aspects of the treadmill set up like Swiss balls and chalk lines on the treadmills, to help people with conditions like Parkinson's take bigger steps. Lots of little tricks to make the training environment as supportive as possible. The updates in this episode will help you create an even better set up and system! Please reach out with any questions or shares at Episode 139: Claire’s equipment mentioned (not affiliate links)
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