Democratizing Ransomware as a Service with Nisos Intelligence Advisory Paul Malcomb
Know Your Adversary™
In Episode 91 of TheCyber5, we are joined by Paul Malcomb, Intelligence Advisory for Nisos. Paul brings over 15 years of experience from Fortune 500 security teams and the public sector including incident response, threat intelligence, and third-party risk management. In this episode, Paul explains how the ransomware-related ecosystem is evolving and provides insights to some of the newer threats organizations face. Below are the three major takeaways: Ransomware actors no longer need to be end-to-end capable and are now very decentralized: Gone...
info_outline
Insider Threat Extortion Attempt of $300,000 Leads to Arrest
Know Your Adversary™
In Episode 11 of Know Your Adversary®, we chat with an undisclosed security team that prevented an insider threat actor from extorting $300,000 from a global company. The result of the six months long investigation resulted in the arrest of the suspect who, as it turns out, was motivated by pride and money. One morning, the security team received an email asking for $300,000 as an extortion payment or the data would be released. Upon showing “proof of life” that the attacker possessed the data, it became clear they maintained elevated access beyond that of someone living abroad in...
info_outline
Compare and Contrast Saudi Aramco and Colonial Pipeline Cyber Attacks
Know Your Adversary™
In Episode 10 of Know Your Adversary™, ICE Miller Managing Partner discusses the difference between the 2012 Saudi Aramco destructive cyber attacks and the 2021 Colonial Pipeline ransomware attacks. In 2012, Iran attacked Saudi Arabia-based Aramco’s information technology (IT) infrastructure, denying service to the entire company to the point that Aramco gave gas away for free. Fast forward to 2021, a Russia-based ransomware gang Darkside attacked the IT infrastructure of Colonial Pipeline, particularly the billing system. When Colonial Pipeline couldn’t determine how to charge...
info_outline
OneSight Backstage Management System: Attributing a Chinese Marketing Firm’s Tools to Disinformation Campaigns
Know Your Adversary™
In Episode 9 of Know Your Adversary™, Nisos researcher Zeshan Aziz revealed that Chinese commercial marketing firm OneSight, developed a sophisticated social media management and monitoring system called OneSight Backstage Management System to propagate political disinformation against the Uyghur community. The research indicates the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) likely conducted the campaign. Previous research into a breach of OneSight identified sophisticated social media surveillance tooling was used for widespread disinformation campaigns across many prominent Chinese and U.S. social...
info_outline
Human Intelligence Recruitment of an Employee to Deploy Ransomware
Know Your Adversary™
In Episode 8 of Know Your Adversary™, we detail an August 2020 investigation when a Russian gang member named Egor Igorevich Kriuchkov traveled to the United States to recruit an employee of a US-based manufacturing company and to install ransomware on the network via USB thumb drive. He offered the employee $500,000, and if the operation was successful, the Russian gang was going to extort the company for $5,000,000. Fortunately, the company prepared the employee for this type of scenario and reported Egor. A subsequent FBI investigation arrested Egor and deported him back to Moscow,...
info_outline
Investigating the T-Mobile Hack: Direct Threat Actor Engagement with John Binns
Know Your Adversary™
In Episode 7 of Know Your Adversary™, we detail the August 2021 compromise disclosure of T-Mobile. In August 2021, John Binns, a US Citizen living in Turkey, disclosed that he compromised T-Mobile customer data. While he initially stated his motivations were in response to physical abuse, further investigation indicated that Binns was driven primarily by financial gain. Our guest is ShadowByte Head of Research, Vinny Troia, a security researcher who directly interacted with John Binns.
info_outline
Supply Chain Attacks Escalation and Evolution by Foreign Nation States
Know Your Adversary™
In Episode 6 of Know Your Adversary™, we detail a previous supply chain attack from 2007 and then again in 2015 against a security software company. Our guest is Lucidum CEO, Joel Fulton. Foreign nation states conducted detailed recon and knew when a router was going to be rebooted for maintenance updates. Upon rebooting the router, the attackers “slipped through the crack” and into the software provider’s network by exploiting a vulnerability of the router model.
info_outline
Nisos Attributes and Unmasks Insider Threat Saboteurs Who Caused $1M in Business Loss
Know Your Adversary™
In Episode 5 of Know Your Adversary™, we discuss a 2018 Nisos insider threat investigation of network sabotage that caused almost $1M in business operations loss. Following a recent M&A transaction, IT engineers of the nearly acquired subsidiary were upset with their new roles. The results of the sabotage were a complete subsidiary network outage for over a week and a subsequent Nisos, partner, and FBI investigation that led to the arrest and detention of one co-conspirator.
info_outline
Attribution to Russian GRU for 2015 and 2016 Cyber Attacks on Ukraine Energy Power Stations
Know Your Adversary™
In Episode 4 of Know Your Adversary, we are joined by Gigamon Senior Manager Joe Slowik. Our discussion takes a look into the world of Russian nation-state hacking units, particularly the GRU and the SVR. We take a deep dive into the 2015 and 2016 cyber attacks against the Ukrainian power grid and review how Russia’s capabilities are increasing in sophistication, mainly through lateral hand-offs between the teams of hackers operating in IT and OT environments.
info_outline
Identifying and Disrupting Malicious Bot Programmers and Security Researchers
Know Your Adversary™
In Episode 3 of Know Your Adversary™ we are joined by Shawn Valle, former Chief Information Security Officer at Rapid 7. Our discussion takes a look into the world of online platform abuse and fraud. We explore threat actors’ use of bots to make bulk purchases online. We also tell the story of a security researcher on the wrong side of the law. Learn about the path he took from disclosing a breach to demanding a ransom payment.
info_outlineIn Episode 2 of Know Your Adversary™, we discuss an attempted compromise of a managed service provider (MSP) by a disgruntled former employee who tried to sell backdoor access on the dark web. Our guest is former Senior FBI Computer Scientist and current VP of Threat Hunting & Counterintelligence at Binary Defense, Randy Pargman.
In 2019, Binary Defense engaged with an actor selling backdoor, unauthorized, and illegal access to an MSP in the eastern United States. The MSP provided out-source IT functions for many companies, and a compromise of their systems would have a major impact on hundreds of their clients. The actor, who identified himself only as “W0zniak,” attempted to sell the username and password for $600. In order to ensure confidentiality and proper legal engagement, Binary Defense coordinated with the FBI to properly conduct a “controlled purchase” of the credentials, inform the MSP, prevent any other threat actor from buying or accessing the MSP with the same credentials, help the FBI attribute and unmask the individual, and bring the actor to justice.
Here are some of the key takeaways from the episode.
Threat Actors Sell Access to Victim Networks using a Variety of Methods. In most cases, actors typically fall into several groups. Those that sell access, buy access, gain access and persist (ransomware, espionage, etc.), steal valuable information, and facilitate the payment(s) can all be different individuals or groups. In this case, a former employee created credentials with the intent to sell to another criminal(s). Unfortunately, he sold them to the good guys, Binary Defense and the FBI.
The Case for More Aggressive Attribution and Unmasking of Adversaries. An enterprise often needs to have the ability to determine if an attack is a target of opportunity (drive-by scam or smash and grab) or well-orchestrated and directed with a specific purpose in mind (insider threat, espionage to gain information, targeted fraud, and ransomware). When it’s clear an enterprise is under a direct assault, unmasking identities for attribution is often warranted in order to disrupt the attack and identify the perpetrator. Selling unauthorized access that could impact hundreds of other commercial victims justifies unmasking at the identity level to prevent the initial and potential subsequent attacks.