Dr. Oleg Dmitriev on Copper, Platinum and Safer Chemotherapy
Release Date: 11/13/2022
Dr. Sabira Valiani: Creating Connections in Critical Care
Researchers Under the Scope
Dr. Sabira Valiani was one of the frontline physicians working inside Saskatoon’s critical care units four years ago, during the initial lockdowns of the Covid-19 pandemic. “It was really weird,” said Valiani. Valiani said ‘a lot of light bulbs went off in my head’ amid the automated stillness of the unit, as she watched ventilators breathing for heavily sedated patients. Covered in head-to-toe personal protective equipment, staff in the intensive care unit struggled to simultaneously treat patients, communicate with family members, and enforce hospital...
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Dr. Daphne Yau on Blood Sugar & Brain Health
Researchers Under the Scope
Daphne Yau can trace her interest in endocrinology back to a beta-cell physiology experiment during her master’s degree, working with laboratory mice with Type 2 Diabetes. “It was the part of the pancreas that makes insulin,” she said. “It was fascinating. It also made me realize that maybe pure laboratory research wasn't quite for me." From there, her interest in hormones and fluctuating blood sugar levels grew. Yau is no stranger to medicine. Her mother was a pharmacist, while her father and aunt both worked as physicians. Following in their footsteps, Lou completed her...
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Dr. Sam Haddad: At the Heart of Patient Care
Researchers Under the Scope
Haissam Haddad inadvertently horrified his family when he signed up for engineering courses in his first year of university. The teenager returned the next day to change his major to medicine -- a move he's glad he made. Dr. Haddad practiced family medicine in Syria for three years, then arrived in Canada in 1986 to visit his wife's family, who urged him to stay. Haddad faced an uphill battle when he investigated the possibility of becoming a Canadian doctor. One colleague even told him he’d be better off opening a Syrian grocery store. “This gave me a lot of energy to prove him wrong,”...
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Remote Rehabilitation: Dr. Stacey Lovo's Quest for Equitable Care
Researchers Under the Scope
In this episode, we meet Dr. Stacey Love, Director of Virtual Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation at Saskatchewan's Virtual Health Hub, and an Assistant Professor at the University of Saskatchewan's School of Rehabilitation. She's also involved with the Saskatchewan Centre for Patient Oriented Research. You can see more of her recent publications , along with links to her labs: Musculoskeletal Health and Access to Care: Virtual Care and Remote Presence: Stacey Lovo remembers the bitterly cold day in December 2012, when two Indigenous women from northern Saskatchewan stepped off the...
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Dr. Angelica Lang: Shaping the Future of Shoulder Health
Researchers Under the Scope
knows most of the people she sees have to keep working, even if they have shoulder pain. As an and director of the Musculoskeletal and Ergonomics Lab at the Canadian Centre for Rural and Agricultural Health, Lang’s goal is to reduce that pain — keeping patients on the job. “A lot of daily life has to be done with your hands,” she said. “The base of that is your shoulder. It allows you to position your hand in all these different ways.” Lang knows the importance of movement. She grew up in Melfort, Sask., playing hockey, soccer, volleyball, along with track...
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Stronger Foundations: Dr. Munier Nour on Bone Development in Diabetic Youth
Researchers Under the Scope
Dr. Munier Nour said osteoporosis is often seen as a disease that affects older adults. But compared to their peers, kids with Type 1 diabetes grow into adults eight times as likely to suffer bone fractures. “Osteoporosis may actually have its origins during pediatric years,” he said. “Because Type 1 diabetes occurs so early in life ….. it influences that bone development that occurs during your peak growth.” Now, Nour is a co-lead on a national team trying to figure out why. The pediatric endocrinologist has always taken a logical approach to problem-solving....
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Thriving Against The Odds: Dr. Amanda Hall on Short Gut Syndrome
Researchers Under the Scope
In the heart of the Health Sciences Building, studies a tray of organoids under a microscope. “They do need a lot of attention and a lot of feeding,” she said, pointing to dot-like points in a gel solution. The pediatric surgeon and assistant professor of pediatric general surgery will use those dots to identify factors that help infants overcome short gut syndrome. The rare condition affects roughly 24 in every 100,000 babies born in Canada, presenting a profound challenge for infants born with insufficient intestinal length or compromised absorptive capacity. “It’s a...
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Inhale, Exhale, Repair: Dr. Valerie Verge
Researchers Under the Scope
Valerie Verge was in her early twenties when she landed her first job, doing neuroscience research and she loved it. But 43 years ago, her research journey began to take a twist. "I developed an allergy to rats and mice,” she said. “I was using a box of Kleenex a day.” She reluctantly had to admit that this may not be her career path, and spent her evenings earning a ‘back-up plan’ degree in computer programming at McGill. She refused to give up laboratory work, and went on with her colleagues to code and create an in house computerized image analysis system that was not...
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Fighting Treatment-Resistant Depression with Ketamine: Dr. Evyn Peters
Researchers Under the Scope
Dr. Evyn Peters has created pivotal changes for patients arriving at Royal University Hospital's mental health short stay unit, and its emergency department. With 33 publications and interests spanning , Peters is often one of the first physicians patients see when they’re experiencing a mental health crisis. Peters was finishing his residency at RUH and the University of Saskatchewan’s College of Medicine in 2017, when he and his colleagues first proposed ketamine for short-stay patients who had tried multiple antidepressants without success. After studying best practices in...
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Dr. Wendie Marks: Researching Complex Connections Between Stress, Nutrition & Health
Researchers Under the Scope
By the end of her Grade Eight year in Saskatoon, Wendie Marks was sure about one thing: she knew she wanted to study health and the way early-life development affected the human body. “I spent a lot of time in the library reading books,” Marks said. “I was always kind of the nerdy type.” Marks enrolled at the University of Saskatchewan and thrived, earning her PhD in psychology. Her interests evolved towards behavioural neuroscience, focusing on the mechanisms behind behaviour, stress, and their effects on mental and physical health. “I wanted to make new...
info_outlineColour-changing reactions and small explosions punctuated life at Dr. Oleg Dmitriev's home, when he was a boy. He loved trying out chemical reactions, and experimenting. As a teenager, he was fascinated by the science fiction novels his father brought home.
"It's all about strange worlds and unusual, strange forms of life," said Dmitriev, a protein biochemist. "I started wondering, why is the life on our planet is the way it is? And what is the chemistry of life?"
After earning his PhD at Moscow State University, Dmitriev went on to post-doctoral studies at the University of Osnabrück, followed by years of bench research at the University of Wisconsin. That's where he discovered the potential of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy-- something he uses today to piece together the way copper moves through human cells.
"It still fascinates me," said Dmitriev, who moved to the University of Saskatchewan in 2005 to open his own laboratory. "It's a very, very important technical component of my research."
Today, as a professor of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology at the U of S College of Medicine, Dmitriev has honed in on ATP7B, the protein that transports and regulates copper in human tissuess.
"Copper is a very important bioelement that is needed for supplying our cells with energy, but at the same time it also has a dark side," Dmitriev said. "If it escapes, it can start a cascade of damaging runaway reactions."
The Canadian Liver Foundation estimates one in 30,000 Canadians inherit a defective version of the protein, causing Wilson Disease. Without treatment, they suffer liver damage and a host of neurological symptoms from an over-accumulation of copper.
"There are many entry points for copper," said Dmitriev. "Where does it go from the point where it enters the protein? How does it go across the cell membrane? How is that activity regulated?"
Together with Dr. Scott O'Leary, a cell biologist, Dmitriev was successful in securing a $761,176 grant from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research in 2021 to explore those questions. He said understanding the 'cogs and wheels' of copper transport in the body may also help clarify the way other metals, such as platinum, move through human tissue.
Platinum compounds are frequently used in chemotherapy treatments for breast, colon, lung, and ovarian cancer.
"They're quite effective, but they're incredibly toxic," said Dmitriev. "They have a lot of really serious side effects."
Because platinum uses the same transportation mechanisms as copper, Dmitriev wants to know how to make its journey through the body less harmful.
"Can we manipulate those transfer pathways to make sure that platinum chemotherapy drugs get to their target, but do not go astray and poison the patient?" he said.
Looking back, Dmitriev said he's glad he landed at the University of Saskatchewan, as it gave him the chance to explore the areas he feels most passionate about.
"I would do it all over," he said. "Science is fun. Science is exciting. It's a good life."