Connection Therapy
Hello and thank you for joining the Connection Therapy podcast. This is a podcast about the craft of psychotherapy and we seek to support those who strive to improve their craft by sharing research about the science and stories about the art of psychology. Together we will explore these findings so you can decide how you want to apply them to benefit your practice.
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43. The Psychology of Appeasement: What Dogs Teach Us About Connection
05/28/2025
43. The Psychology of Appeasement: What Dogs Teach Us About Connection
In this episode of the Connection Therapy Podcast, Dr. Brenda Murrow explores how understanding animal behavior—especially in dogs—can deepen our insight into human communication and relationships. Dr. Murrow reflects on her own experience learning French and how it made her more aware of cultural nuances in language—particularly terms of endearment. Something as simple as the word “sweetheart,” which might feel universal, actually varies widely depending on context and culture. This realization led her to consider how observing other species could offer a fresh perspective on human psychology. The episode centers on appeasement signals—subtle behaviors animals use to prevent conflict. Dr. Murrow highlights a 2017 study from the Journal of Veterinary Behavior that looked at how dogs use cues like looking away or licking their lips when interacting with humans. These actions aren’t random—they’re meaningful ways of communicating peaceful intent. Dr. Murrow encourages listeners to think about the nonverbal signals we use every day, from merging politely in traffic to softening our tone in conversation. By learning from animals, we can become more attuned to the subtle ways humans seek connection and avoid conflict—both in therapy and in daily life. The episode is a powerful reminder that communication goes beyond words, and sometimes the smallest signals say the most. Follow Brenda on Instagram Reference: Firnkes, A., Bartels, A., Bidoli, E., & Erhard, M. (2017). Appeasement signals used by dogs during dog–human communication. Journal of Veterinary Behavior: Clinical Applications and Research, 19, 35–44. https://doi-org.pgi.idm.oclc.org/10.1016/j.jveb.2016.12.012
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42. Observing Eye Contact in Dogs for Better Connection
05/21/2025
42. Observing Eye Contact in Dogs for Better Connection
May is Mental Health Awareness Month—a time to reflect on what helps us feel seen, safe, and connected. And sometimes, the most powerful connection doesn’t need words at all. It begins with eye contact. In this episode, Brenda reflects on the power of eye contact and what it tells us about connection, safety, and trust—both in our relationships with people and with animals. We often think of eye contact as a simple social skill, but it’s so much more than that. It plays a key role in human development, emotional regulation, and communication. And as Brenda shares, it appears it may act in similar ways for animals. Brenda walks through two studies that explore how dogs respond to human behavior—especially in moments when they need help or when we show affection in ways that might not feel safe to them. One study shows how dogs use eye contact to signal that they’re stuck and need human assistance. Another reminds us that common gestures like hugging, petting, and rough play might feel comforting to us, but can actually stress out our animal companions. This conversation is an invitation to slow down and pay attention. If we’re going to ask animals to partner with us—especially in therapeutic settings—we have to be willing to learn how they communicate, what their signals mean, and how to respond in ways that support trust instead of assuming it. By understanding non-verbal communication across species, we don’t just become better practitioners—we become better humans. Follow Brenda on Instagram References: Cavalli, C., Carballo, F., Dzik, M. V., & Bentosela, M. (2020). Gazing as a help requesting behavior: A comparison of dogs participating in animal-assisted interventions and pet dogs. Animal Cognition, 23(1), 141–147. https://doi-org.pgi.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/s10071-019-01324-8 Walsh, E. A., Meers, L. L., Samuels, W. E., Boonen, D., Claus, A., Duarte-Gan, C., Stevens, V., Contalbrigo, L., & Normando, S. (2024). Human-dog communication: How body language and non-verbal cues are key to clarity in dog directed play, petting and hugging behaviour by humans. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. https://doi-org.pgi.idm.oclc.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2024.106206
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41. Art and Science Combined for Better Mental Health Practice
05/14/2025
41. Art and Science Combined for Better Mental Health Practice
According to the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI), 1 in 5 U.S. adults and 1 in 6 children experience mental health challenges each year. And, 122 million people live in areas with a shortage of mental health professionals, highlighting a critical gap in care. This is why Brenda is passionate about podcasting on mental health—both to raise awareness and provide resources for practitioners in the field, creating a community of professionals committed to this important work. While Brenda often discusses science-based interventions, she’s also drawn to the "art" of psychology—the more intuitive, experiential ways of understanding. Art evokes emotions and insights that can’t always be measured scientifically but are just as valuable in the field of psychology. Brenda believes that integrating these different ways of knowing, as Carl Jung suggested, strengthens our ability to understand others. One piece of art that illustrates this power of emotional connection is Edvard Munch’s The Scream. The figure’s agonized expression and intense eye contact convey deep pain—an emotion words can’t fully capture. It’s a reminder that eye contact and emotional expression are universally understood. Brenda also looked to poetry, where many writers have reflected on the significance of eyes. From Rumi to T.S. Eliot, poets suggest that eyes reveal the soul, interpret the unconscious, and help us make sense of the world. These artistic perspectives remind Brenda of the deep, human connection that eye contact represents, beyond clinical practice. As Brenda continues to explore the role of eye contact in psychology, she’s inspired by the way art and science can complement each other. This blend of approaches allows for a more empathetic, holistic practice—one rooted in curiosity and the power of connection. Follow Brenda on Instagram References: Charlotte Brontë~ https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/6575-the-soul-fortunately-has-an-interpreter---often-an-unconscious TS Eliot~ https://allpoetry.com/Eyes-That-Last-I-Saw-In-Tears Health Resources & Service Administration (HRSA) ~https://data.hrsa.gov/tools/shortage-area CG Jung, Psychological Types (1921) CS Lewis- https://www.goodreads.com/quotes/39719-if-the-whole-universe-has-no-meaning-we-should-never Edvard Munch - ‘The Scream’ https://www.npr.org/sections/thetwo-way/2012/05/03/151928781/the-scream-fetches-highest-price-ever-for-a-work-of-art National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) - https://www.nami.org/ Mary Oliver - “Messenger” (in Thirst) Rumi- https://www.azquotes.com/quote/866451
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40. Insights from Research That Transform Therapy Practice
05/07/2025
40. Insights from Research That Transform Therapy Practice
In this episode, Brenda takes a step back to reflect on several of her recent research-based episodes—and how what she’s learned is continuing to shape the way she practices. Revisiting past studies has helped her see just how much of what we do in the therapy room is grounded in awareness, relationship, and presence. Across these episodes, one theme kept surfacing: we’re always in communication, even when nothing is being said. Posture, silence, pacing, eye contact—these all play a role in how connection is built. Reflecting on that has reminded Brenda to slow down and stay attuned to the subtle signals that shape every session. She also spoke about the therapist’s own influence. When she hopes a client will show up honestly, she checks in with herself first. Is she grounded? Genuine? Focused? Clients pick up on far more than just words, and the quality of her presence often sets the tone for the session. Another key takeaway from her review: it’s not about getting things perfect. What matters is the effort. A “good enough” relationship—steady, consistent, and responsive—often lays the groundwork for growth and change. Research continues to affirm what Brenda has long believed: the relationship itself is central. Looking back on these episodes, Brenda isn’t interested in dramatic overhauls. Instead, she’s noticing the small shifts—how she listens, how she waits, how she reflects. The studies she’s revisited have only deepened her belief that therapy isn’t about fixing people—it’s about walking with them. As she was taught, people don’t come to therapy to be told what to do. They come because they need someone willing to be in it with them. And for Brenda, continuing to learn—through research and reflection—is part of staying present for that work. Follow Brenda on Instagram References: Review of clinical applications for research presented in April episodes #35-39
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39. The Research on Mimicking and Connection
04/30/2025
39. The Research on Mimicking and Connection
There are so many things that influence a therapy session—and not all of them are spoken. In this episode, Brenda is continuing the exploration into the less obvious dynamics that shape the therapeutic relationship. Encouragement, presence, attunement—they’re all part of the work. But there are also layers we don’t always consciously notice. One of those layers is mimicking. Brenda walks us through the research that supports this—multiple studies showing that when someone is subtly mimicked through facial expressions, posture, or gestures, they often report that the interaction felt smoother. They tend to feel more positively about the person they were speaking with. In fact, across different ages and settings, people who were mimicked even became more generous and helpful. Mimicking is something humans naturally do. It’s often unconscious and pro-social—it helps us feel connected. And while it shows up in all kinds of settings (sales, parenting, interviews), it holds particular meaning in the therapy room. Therapy is a unique kind of relationship. It’s a space where Brenda wants clients to know that even if we don’t see something the same way, the relationship is still safe. If there’s a disagreement or a shift in tone, she doesn't hide it. We don’t have to match on everything for the relationship to hold. In fact, being able to stay connected in the presence of difference can deepen trust. So as you move through your day, consider the ways these small cues—like mimicking—show up in your own interactions. References: Carpenter, M., Uebel, J., & Tomasello, M. (2013). Being Mimicked Increases Prosocial Behavior in 18-Month-Old Infants. Child Development, 84(5), 1511–1518. https://doi-org.pgi.idm.oclc.org/10.1111/cdev.12083 Ekman, P. (2016). What scientists who study emotion agree about. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 11(1), 31–34. https://doi-org.pgi.idm.oclc.org/10.1177/1745691615596992 Patterson, M. L., Fridlund, A. J., & Crivelli, C. (2023). Four misconceptions about nonverbal communication. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 18(6), 1388–1411. https://doi-org.pgi.idm.oclc.org/10.1177/17456916221148142
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38. Increasing Alignment in the Therapy Room: Ways to Make Sense of Differences Between Statements and Nonverbal Signals
04/23/2025
38. Increasing Alignment in the Therapy Room: Ways to Make Sense of Differences Between Statements and Nonverbal Signals
In therapy, we often listen closely to what’s being said—but what’s not being said can sometimes offer even more insight. A client may describe their week as “fine” or say they’re “managing,” but their body is heavy, their eyes are downcast, and their facial expressions suggest something else entirely. This kind of misalignment—between verbal language and nonverbal signals—isn’t uncommon. In today’s episode, Brenda explores what’s happening when someone’s internal emotional state doesn’t match how they present on the outside. Brenda brings in the foundational work of Jaak Panksepp and team, who identified core emotional systems and how they influence behavior to further explore this phenomena. She reviews Panksepp’s idea that different emotional systems in the brain—like the grief system and the seeking system—can become imbalanced. Someone might be in a state of deep sadness or loss, but still trying to push forward and find meaning, and the result is a presentation that appears disconnected. She also touches on the work of Paul Ekman, whose research on facial expressions helps us understand how emotions show up across the face—often before a person is even aware of what they’re feeling. This is where things can get especially valuable in therapy. When we’re better able to recognize the multiple ways clients signal what they’re feeling, we’re better equipped to meet clients where they actually are, not just where they say they are. This episode is less about confronting inconsistencies and more about using them as information. This conversation offers practical insight into what it means to really pay attention to the signals that often go unspoken—and how those signals can guide deeper, more attuned work. Follow Brenda on Instagram References: Ekman, P. (2003). Emotions Revealed: Recognizing Faces and Feelings to Improve Communication and Emotional Life. Holt. Jaak Panksepp & Lucy Biven. (2012). The Archaeology of Mind: Neuroevolutionary Origins of Human Emotions (Norton Series on Interpersonal Neurobiology) 1st Edition. W. W. Norton & Company.
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37. Strengthening Relationship Patterns Through Disruption and Repair
04/16/2025
37. Strengthening Relationship Patterns Through Disruption and Repair
In today’s episode, Brenda explores how relationships—whether with clients in our professional lives or in our personal lives—are strengthened not by perfection, but by disruption and repair. Drawing from Beebe and Lachmann’s 1994 paper, she explains how the concept of a "good enough therapist" and the ability to repair mistakes is essential in building trust and deepening connections. Beebe and Lachmann’s paper identifies three core principles that enhance relationships: ongoing regulations, disruption and repair, and heightened affective moments. Their work shows that there’s no such thing as a perfect bond. What leads to success in therapy is how we act throughout the process, including handling moments of disruption and repair that enhance the connection afterward. Brenda shares a personal story from her podcasting experience. She made a mistake by using the wrong term for a facial feature when she first introduced the concept in some early episodes, which could have led to a loss of trust with her listeners. However, instead of letting the disruption define the situation, she realized it as an opportunity to repair the relationship and reestablish trust with her audience—an important reminder for therapists too. This aligns with Beebe and Lachmann principles which emphasize that disruptions aren’t something to fear. Rather, repairing them is what strengthens the bond in the course of the relationship. Their work also highlights heightened affective moments—unexpected events that challenge the usual pattern. These moments, while uncomfortable, can deepen the connection if handled with care. Brenda’s experience demonstrates how, like with clients, it’s not about avoiding mistakes but embracing them as opportunities to rebuild trust. Both in therapy and in our personal lives, synchrony—the ongoing effort to connect and reconnect after disruption—is what fosters stronger, more trusting relationships. References: Beebe, B., & Lachmann, F. M. (1994). Representation and Internalization in Infancy: Three Principles of Salience. Psychoanalytic Psychology, 11(2), 127–165. Ekman, P. (2003). Emotions Revealed: Recognizing Faces and Feelings to Improve Communication and Emotional Life. Holt. D.W. Winnicott’s idea of “good enough” in Playing and Reality. (1971, Penguin).
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36. How Animals Detect Human Nervous System States Through Scent
04/09/2025
36. How Animals Detect Human Nervous System States Through Scent
Brenda has often shrugged off the question, “Can horses really smell fear?” But in this episode, she takes a closer look—and the research is fascinating. When someone walks into their first equine session feeling nervous, it’s not just body language the horse is picking up on. There’s now scientific evidence that animals, including horses, can detect chemosignals—part of the odors released through human sweat that reflect emotional states like fear or calm. One study Brenda shares involves a group of 40 retrievers exposed to human body odor samples. The dogs responded differently based on the emotional state tied to each scent. Similar studies are now being done with horses, and early results are showing the same kind of nervous system alignment. Horses have an incredibly sensitive sense of smell. They don’t just react in the moment—they remember scents, too. This adds a whole new dimension to the healing encounters that happen in equine-assisted therapy. It’s not just about how humans approach the horse physically, but also what they’re unconsciously communicating through scent. Brenda emphasizes how this research opens the door to a fuller picture of what's really happening during treatment. These chemical signals—things we often don’t realize we’re giving off—can shape the way an encounter unfolds, whether we intend it or not. It’s a humbling realization. As Brenda points out, it challenges practitioners to consider not only the emotional needs of the humans in the space but also the subtle cues the horses receive. By paying attention to these less obvious factors, we gain a deeper appreciation for the human-animal connection—and for the complexity of healing work done alongside our four-legged partners. Follow Brenda on Instagram References: Janet Jones, Ph.D., (2020). Horse Brain: Human Brain: The Neuroscience of Horsemanship. Trafalgar Square. Palumbo, R. V., Marraccini, M. E., Weyandt, L. L., Wilder-Smith, O., McGee, H. A., Liu, S., & Goodwin, M. S. (2017). Interpersonal autonomic physiology: A systematic review of the literature. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 21(2), 99–141. https://doi-org.pgi.idm.oclc.org/10.1177/1088868316628405 Semin, G. R., Scandurra, A., Baragli, P., Lanatà, A., & D’Aniello, B. (2019). Inter- and Intra-Species Communication of Emotion: Chemosignals as the Neglected Medium. Animals (2076-2615), 9(11), 887. https://doi-org.pgi.idm.oclc.org/10.3390/ani9110887
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35. Exploring Physiological Synchrony in Therapy Settings
04/02/2025
35. Exploring Physiological Synchrony in Therapy Settings
By exploring the latest research on how our nervous systems interact—whether between humans or across species—Brenda aims to provide therapists with the knowledge to deepen their connections with clients and improve therapeutic outcomes. In recent podcast episodes, Brenda has explored how physiological interactions, both between humans and animals, can impact therapeutic outcomes. Through research on heart rate variability (HRV) and the autonomic nervous system, she reveals new ways therapists can enhance client connections and regulation during therapy. Earlier episodes laid the groundwork for understanding HRV and its importance to mental and physical health. These ideas provide valuable context for understanding how our nervous systems sync during therapy, deepening the connection between therapist and client. In today’s episode, Brenda looks at a systematic study on interpersonal physiology, that reviewed multiple studies on physiological synchrony. This research shows how nervous systems align during therapy, influencing both the therapist and client. The findings also reveal that physiological responses are unpredictable and depend on the relationship and situation, which is why it’s essential for therapists to be mindful of these shifts. Brenda also takes a closer look at animal-assisted therapy, particularly the physiological connection between humans and horses. A second study is presented that shows the bidirectional nature of this interaction—where both the human and the horse influence each other’s physiological states. Understanding the physiological exchanges that happen in therapy can profoundly change how therapists approach their work. By being aware of how nervous systems interact—whether between humans or with animals—therapists can gain a deeper understanding of their clients' needs. References: Beatrice Beebe: Callara, A. L., Scopa, C., Contalbrigo, L., Lanatà, A., Scilingo, E. P., Baragli, P., & Greco, A. (2024). Unveiling directional physiological coupling in human-horse interactions. IScience, 27(9). Palumbo, R. V., Marraccini, M. E., Weyandt, L. L., Wilder-Smith, O., McGee, H. A., Liu, S., & Goodwin, M. S. (2017). Interpersonal autonomic physiology: A systematic review of the literature. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 21(2), 99–141. Follow Brenda on Instagram
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34. Observing Physical Reactions to Strengthen Interventions
03/26/2025
34. Observing Physical Reactions to Strengthen Interventions
Mental and physical health don’t operate in isolation; they influence each other in profound ways. Stress, anxiety, and emotional distress often manifest physically, whether through muscle tension, changes in posture, or even pupil dilation. But what do we do with this information as therapists? Understanding these real-time physical responses can provide deeper insight into a client’s emotional state and the effectiveness of our interventions. Eye movements, pupil dilation, and facial expressions offer powerful clues about what’s happening internally. Research from nonverbal communication experts like Judy Burgoon and team, and Paul Ekman has demonstrated how eye behaviors reflect emotions such as attraction, interest, or distress. For therapists, this means that observing a client’s eye behavior during a session can help assess whether an intervention is resonating. Is their gaze steady, signaling engagement? Do they avert their eyes, suggesting overwhelm? These cues can help clinicians refine their approach in real-time. By paying attention to eye behaviors and other physical responses, therapists can move beyond verbal communication and tap into deeper, often unconscious, emotional states. The ability to discern these real-time reactions can lead to more effective interventions and a greater understanding of each client’s internal experience. As we continue exploring ways to refine therapy practices, these insights serve as a reminder that healing happens on multiple levels. By learning to read the body's signals, we gain another tool to support our clients in meaningful ways. References: Burgoon, J.K., Manusov, V., & Guerro, L. (2022).Nonverbal Communication. 2nd Ed. Routledge. Ekman, P. (2003). Emotions Revealed: Recognizing Faces and Feelings to Improve Communication and Emotional Life. Holt. vanOyen Witvliet, C., Knoll, R. W., Hinman, N. G., & DeYoung, P. A. (2010). Compassion-focused reappraisal, benefit-focused reappraisal, and rumination after an interpersonal offense: Emotion-regulation implications for subjective emotion, linguistic responses, and physiology. The Journal of Positive Psychology, 5(3), 226–242. https://doi-org.pgi.idm.oclc.org/10.1080/17439761003790997
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33. How Your Natural Skills as a Therapist Help Improve HRV and How to Strengthen The Impact
03/19/2025
33. How Your Natural Skills as a Therapist Help Improve HRV and How to Strengthen The Impact
Heart rate variability (HRV) plays a crucial role in emotional regulation and mental health. Research shows that higher HRV is linked to improved well-being, making it an important consideration for therapists. In this episode, Brenda continues the discussion on HRV, exploring how it connects to psychotherapy and how clinicians can integrate it into their practice. In this episode, Brenda reviewed an article written by Dr. Donald Moss who highlights how the vagus nerve acts as a “two-way highway” between the brain, heart, and gut, directly influencing stress regulation, emotional flexibility, and social engagement. Brenda reviews his insights and discusses how HRV can be improved through practical therapeutic approaches. Deb Dana, known for applying Porges’ Polyvagal Theory to therapy, reinforces his concept of neuroception—our subconscious ability to detect safety or danger through nonverbal cues like tone of voice, facial expressions, and body language. When clients feel safe, they are better able to regulate emotions and engage in therapy more effectively. Brenda emphasizes that therapists can support HRV and mental well-being by: Creating a safe and attuned therapeutic environment Encouraging co-regulation and reliable relationships Engaging in shared activities that foster connection Even without biofeedback tools, therapists naturally enhance HRV by fostering safety and connection in their sessions. As Brenda continues to explore HRV in upcoming episodes, she will dive deeper into how clinicians can recognize and support physiological regulation in their clients, leading to better therapeutic outcomes. Follow Brenda on Instagram References: Deb Dana (2018). The Polyvagal Theory in Therapy: Engaging the Rhythm of Regulation. WW Norton & Company, Ltd. Moss, D. (2025). Brain-Heart Interactions and Optimizing Psychotherapy. Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback, Preprints, 1–8. https://doi-org.pgi.idm.oclc.org/10.1007/s10484-025-09692-3
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32. The Connection Between Horse and Human HRV—Why It’s Important
03/12/2025
32. The Connection Between Horse and Human HRV—Why It’s Important
In this episode, Brenda dives into two studies about heart rate variability (HRV) in horses and humans, and how they can inform therapy practices. These studies reveal some surprising similarities between our nervous systems and those of horses, giving us new ways to think about improving therapeutic approaches. The first study, published in 2011 by Drs. Gerke, Baldwin, and Schiltz, measured HRV in horses during equine-assisted therapy. The findings showed that HRV in horses follows the same patterns as in humans, confirming that both species share similar nervous system responses. This discovery opened avenues for understanding how measuring HRV in humans and horses during equine-assisted services could illuminate ways to enhance our approaches. The second study focused on how eye temperature in horses can indicate stress. When horses experience stress, their eye temperature rises, reflecting changes in their nervous systems. This provides another valuable tool for understanding nervous system activation and emotional responses, especially in high-stress situations. For mental health clinicians, these studies highlight the importance of recognizing physical cues, like eye contact that can also provide signals about nervous system regulation, to better understand a patient’s emotional state. Being able to identify when a patient’s nervous system is activated helps us time our interventions more effectively. If we notice stress or tension, we can help the patient regulate before diving into deeper therapeutic work, making our approach more effective and responsive. As therapy continues to evolve, understanding these subtle signs will help clinicians create more effective interventions by aligning with the patient’s current emotional and physical needs. References: Evans, L., Cameron-Whytock, H., & Ijichi, C. (2024). Eye understand: Physiological measures as novel predictors of adaptive learning in horses. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, 271, 1–10. https://doi-org.pgi.idm.oclc.org/10.1016/j.applanim.2023.106152 Gehrke, E. K., Baldwin, A., & Schiltz, P. M. (2011). Heart Rate Variability in Horses Engaged in Equine-Assisted Activities. Journal of Equine Veterinary Science, 31(2), 78–84. https://doi-org.pgi.idm.oclc.org/10.1016/j.jevs.2010.12.007 Panksepp, J. (2009). Brain emotional systems and qualities of mental life: From animal models of affect to implications for psychotherapeutics. In D. Fosha, D. J., Siegel, & M. F. Solomon (Eds.), The healing power of emotion: Affective neuroscience, development & clinical practice (pp. 1-26). New York, NY: Norton. Porges, S. W. (2009). Reciprocal influences between body and brain in the perception and expression of affect: A Polyvagal perspective. In D. Fosha, D. J., Siegel, & M. F. Solomon, M. (Eds.), The healing power of emotion: Affective neuroscience, development & clinical practice (pp. 27-54). New York, NY: Norton.
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31. Understanding Heart Rate Variability to Improve Therapy Outcomes
03/05/2025
31. Understanding Heart Rate Variability to Improve Therapy Outcomes
Heart rate variability (HRV) is one of the most powerful yet often overlooked indicators of both mental and physical health. It’s closely linked to anxiety, depression, trauma, heart disease, and more. But for therapists, HRV offers even greater value—it provides insight into whether a patient is in shutdown, stuck in fight-or-flight mode, or able to engage and process emotions. While traditional therapy often focuses on thoughts and behaviors, the nervous system plays a critical role in whether interventions actually succeed. A patient stuck in survival mode cannot engage in deep reflection or emotional processing, no matter how skilled the therapist is. Recognizing these physiological patterns allows clinicians to adjust their approach, making sessions more effective and creating a sense of safety for the patient. In this episode, Brenda explains the science behind heart rate variability and connects it to Polyvagal Theory and practical therapy work. She also introduces biofeedback as a powerful tool to help patients strengthen their ability to shift between nervous system states. By understanding HRV, therapists can better support their patients and enhance the effectiveness of their therapy sessions. References: Bradshaw, G. A., & Schore, A. N. (2007). How elephants are opening doors: Developmental neuroethology, attachment and social context. Ethology, 113, 426-436. Deb Dana (2018). The Polyvagal Theory in Therapy: Engaging the Rhythm of Regulation. WW Norton & Company, Ltd. Inna Khazan (2013). The Clinical Handbook of Biofeedback: A Step-by-Step Guide for Training and Practice with Mindfulness. Wiley-Blackwell. Porges, S. W. (2009). Reciprocal influences between body and brain in the perception and expression of affect: A Polyvagal perspective. In D. Fosha, D. J., Siegel, & M. F. Solomon, M. (Eds.), The healing power of emotion: Affective neuroscience, development & clinical practice (pp. 27-54). New York, NY: Norton.
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30. How Do We Know When Mental Health Needs Support?
02/26/2025
30. How Do We Know When Mental Health Needs Support?
Mental health is deeply personal and shaped by emotional well-being, behavioral adjustment, and the ability to handle daily life. Emotions like anxiety and depression are normal responses to challenges, but when they interfere with functioning, they may require support. The key question is: When does a normal emotional experience become a mental health condition? Brenda explains that two central questions help guide this understanding: How do we define mental health, and how do we recognize when it’s interfering with life? Everyone experiences emotions like sadness and anxiety. These conditions only become problematic when they are too severe for someone to thrive. Determining this often relies on self-reporting or, in the case of children, input from parents or teachers. Mental and physical health are also closely connected—many conditions coexist, though research has yet to determine exactly how they influence each other. Correlation does not mean causation, but understanding these links can improve treatment. People seek therapy hoping to feel better, but Brenda asks—how much better could they be? Assessing severity is crucial to providing the right support. She is exploring new ways to evaluate mental health by studying relationships and emotional interactions. Equine-assisted therapy, for example, offers insight into emotions through how horses respond to humans. Mental health is complex, but by deepening our understanding of its connection to physical health and relationships, we can better identify, assess, and support those seeking help. Follow Brenda on Instagram
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29. Understanding Mental Health and How Healing Begins
02/19/2025
29. Understanding Mental Health and How Healing Begins
Mental health is a complex and essential part of our lives, but many people overlook how many ways we can improve it. Therapy is often the go-to solution, but it’s only one piece of the puzzle. So, what does mental health really mean, and how can we know when we’ve made progress? This week, Brenda has been reflecting on these big questions and exploring what mental health and healing truly look like. As she dug deeper into this, she wanted to go back to the basics and examine the core ideas behind mental health itself. Brenda looked to the American Psychological Association (APA) and the National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI), an organization dedicated to supporting those affected by mental health challenges. These organizations see mental health as emotional well-being, the ability to cope with daily stresses, and form meaningful relationships. Essentially, it’s about living life in a balanced way, being able to function in work, school, and at home without feeling overwhelmed. But what about healing? When someone is struggling with their mental health, how can they return to balance? NAMI reminds us that mental health challenges are very common—one in five adults and one in six children face mental health issues each year. Brenda also thought about how to improve mental health when professional help is hard to come by. Nearly half the US population lives in areas without enough mental health professionals. This makes it even more crucial to know that there are steps people can take on their own to improve mental health before seeking out a professional. Regular exercise, eating well, staying hydrated, getting enough sleep, and practicing gratitude can make a big difference. Building social connections is another important factor. Staying connected with others helps improve emotional well-being and can prevent isolation. Brenda reminds listeners that healing isn’t always linear, but there are things we can all do to feel better and live with more balance. Follow Brenda on Instagram References: American Psychological Association (APA) https://www.apa.org/topics/mental-health Jaak Panksepp(2009). Brain emotional systems and qualities of mental life: From animal models of affect to implications for psychotherapeutics. In D. Fosha, D. J., Siegel, & M. F. Solomon (Eds.), The healing power of emotion: Affective neuroscience, development & clinical practice (pp. 1-26). New York, NY: Norton. Stephen Porges (2011). Polyvagal theory: Neurophysiological foundations of emotions, attachment, communication, and self-regulation. pp. 12-17. Allan Schore, https://www.allanschore.com/
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28. Brenda and Kinsey Rone on the Power of Therapist Connection
02/12/2025
28. Brenda and Kinsey Rone on the Power of Therapist Connection
Brenda and Kinsey bring their series to a close with one final episode—but this time, the tables turn. Instead of Kinsey leading the conversation, Brenda takes the opportunity to ask Kinsey a few questions about what led her to pursue psychology, her motivations, and the licensing that shaped her career. Kinsey shares how her path in mental health counseling has been heavily focused on clinical skills, holding an LCPC, and her dedication to always learning more. This conversation is a beautiful reflection of what this podcast has become—a space for like-minded professionals to learn, challenge, and support one another. Brenda shares how collaboration with other therapists has made her better in her own practice. Therapists often work in isolation, but that doesn’t mean they have to feel alone. More than anything, this episode highlights the importance of relationships within the therapist community. You’ll hear how Brenda and Kinsey push each other to grow, support each other in their respective practices, and create a space where others can find that same sense of connection. “This is what we’re building in the Connection Community.” Whether you're a therapist, a student, or simply someone passionate about psychology, this podcast is here to support you. I hope you find encouragement, and I hope you feel supported—because none of us are in this alone. For More Information about our Guest: Kinsey Rone, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor www.keycounselingllc.com Follow Brenda on Instagram
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27. More Than a Profession: Brenda’s Love for Psychology
02/05/2025
27. More Than a Profession: Brenda’s Love for Psychology
Brenda and her colleague and friend, Kinsey Rone, LCPC, continue their conversation from last week, digging deeper into what drives Brenda’s work and the heart behind it. This isn’t just about therapy—it’s about the love for psychology that inspired the podcast and the curiosity that keeps her learning. So much of this work is about staying open. Open to learning. Open to new perspectives. Open to the reality that no one gets it right all the time. That same openness is what fuels Brenda’s curiosity about human behavior and makes her so dedicated to this field. A question that comes up is, what breaks your heart? For Brenda, it’s seeing the weight people carry and how their past experiences have shaped them. Everyone develops ways to protect themselves, and those patterns can be hard to break. But when someone begins to trust the process, even just a little, it’s a powerful thing to witness. This conversation offers more than just insight into therapy—it’s a chance to understand Brenda on a deeper level. To see what moves her, why she does this work, and how psychology isn’t just a profession for her, but something in which she deeply believes and to which she is deeply committed. For More Information about our Guest: Kinsey Rone, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor www.keycounselingllc.com References: Blakemore, C., & Cooper, G.F. (1970). Development of the brain depends on the visual environment. In the journal, Nature, (228), pp. 477-478 Follow Brenda on Instagram
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26. A Conversation with Brenda: Exploring Passion and Purpose in Therapy
01/29/2025
26. A Conversation with Brenda: Exploring Passion and Purpose in Therapy
Today’s episode is a special one. We’re switching things up as Brenda takes a seat on the other side of the conversation. Joining her is longtime friend and colleague, Kinsey Rone, a fellow mental health therapist who knows Brenda’s journey in the field firsthand. But today, Kinsey isn’t just here as a friend—she’s here to interview Brenda, giving listeners an opportunity to hear her story, her passion, and the deeper motivations behind her work. Many listeners know Brenda as a dedicated mental health therapist, but her work goes beyond sitting with clients in a therapy session. She has built a career that intertwines clinical practice with research and assessment, always seeking to understand mental health from a deeper, evidence-based perspective. In today’s conversation, Brenda opens up about the experiences that have influenced her work and how she continues to grow in her approach to supporting others. For More Information about our Guest: Kinsey Rone, Licensed Clinical Professional Counselor www.keycounselingllc.com
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25. Aligning Intentions and Actions: Lessons from Dance Therapy
01/22/2025
25. Aligning Intentions and Actions: Lessons from Dance Therapy
Non-verbal communication holds incredible power in therapy. In today’s episode Brenda highlights the intersection of Dance Movement Therapy and Video microanalysis, inspired by research from Rebecca Houghton and Dr. Beatrice Beebe. Together, these approaches offer new insights into movement and communication in therapeutic settings. Brenda reflects on how actions and movements often reveal more about interactions than words. Drawing from her favorite research articles, she explains how Dance Movement Therapy and video microanalysis influence her own practices, including work with young children and animals. Brenda emphasizes that movement is a significant part of how we communicate and connect, often conveying emotions and intentions more clearly than words can. One example she shares is an 80-second interaction analyzed by Rebecca Houghton, which highlights how subtle body language can send messages that don’t align with our intentions. Brenda uses this insight to reflect on in her own research, noting how watching herself back has revealed mismatches between her body language and the messages she intended to convey. These moments can be humbling, but they open the door to growth. By aligning her intentions with her physical presence, Brenda has learned to create deeper connections with her clients. This work also extends to broader therapeutic practices, including animal-assisted therapy, where understanding non-verbal cues is equally critical. Movement and awareness, Brenda explains, have the potential to transform interactions and deepen relationships across all forms of therapy. Follow Brenda on Instagram References: Houghton, R. & Beebe, B., (2016).Dance/Movement Therapy: Learning to Look Through Video Microanalysis. American Journal of Dance Therapy. DOI 10.1007/s10465-016-9226-0 Dr. Beatrice Beebe, https://www.beatricebeebe.com/ Kestenberg Movement Profile: Laban Movement Analysis:
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24. Exploring the Research Behind Awe Walks and Their Emotional Impact
01/15/2025
24. Exploring the Research Behind Awe Walks and Their Emotional Impact
In today’s episode, Brenda unpacks a research study that explores the profound impact of something as simple as a walk. The study focused on older adults and how engaging with awe during a walk could change their emotional and mental well-being. Participants were asked to take weekly walks and snap photos along the way—pictures of themselves and anything that caught their attention. They were encouraged to seek out things that sparked wonder, whether it was the beauty of a natural setting or something unexpected. What the study revealed was fascinating. The participants who sought out awe in their surroundings tended to take photos where their surroundings took up more of the frame, and over time focused less on themselves. This focus on the environment, or the “small self,” suggested that by shifting their attention away from themselves, they felt more connected to the world around them. Their smiles were also significantly more intense—an indication of emotional uplift. Brenda discusses how this shift in perspective can be applied in therapy. Whether in therapy or at home, the act of intentionally seeking awe can bring about significant shifts in mood and self-perception. The takeaway here is simple but impactful, emphasizing that even the slightest shift in perspective can have a meaningful impact. References: Sturm, V. E., Datta, S., Roy, A. R. K., Sible, I. J., Kosik, E. L., Veziris, C. R., Chow, T. E., Morris, N. A., Neuhaus, J., Kramer, J. H., Miller, B. L., Holley, S. R., & Keltner, D. (2022). Big smile, small self: Awe walks promote prosocial positive emotions in older adults. Emotion, 22(5), 1044–1058. https://doi-org.pgi.idm.oclc.org/10.1037/emo0000876
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23. How Erikson’s Stage 5 Guides Therapy for Adolescents
01/08/2025
23. How Erikson’s Stage 5 Guides Therapy for Adolescents
Today, Brenda wraps up her series on Erik Erikson’s 8-stage model by focusing on Stage 5: Identity vs. Role Confusion, a pivotal phase for adolescents aged 12-18. This stage, that Brenda often calls the "trying on coats" phase, is all about self-discovery and the search for identity. Why is this important? As Brenda explains, understanding Erikson’s stages gives therapists a framework to contextualize what they hear in sessions. Adolescents are impressionable, and their brains are still developing rapidly, processing new information and experiences at an incredible pace. This constant evolution makes them emotionally and cognitively unique. Brenda emphasizes the importance of having concrete, candid conversations in therapy. Discussing choices and explaining the reasoning behind decisions helps teens open up about their feelings. Establishing boundaries around confidentiality—particularly highlighting safety limits—builds trust while ensuring guardians are involved when necessary. Through Erikson’s lens, Brenda offers a valuable guide for helping teens navigate this critical period of growth, where the foundation of their identity begins to take shape. Connect with Brenda with the link below Follow Brenda on Instagram References: Holmberg, B.,Why Does Time Move Faster as We Get Older?: Time gets faster as we age because we change more slowly (retrieved August 23, 2024) at https://www.psychologytoday.com/us/blog/the-science-of-self/202404/why-does-time-move-faster-as-we-get-older Understanding the Role of the Brain and Neurochemistry at https://www.oohctoolbox.org.au/brain-neurochemistry-adolescence McWilliams, N. (2011). Psychoanalytic Diagnosis: Understanding personality structure in the clinical process (2nd ed.)Guilford Press. Erik Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development referenced in Freud and Beyond: A History of Modern Psychoanalytic Thought by Mitchell & Black (1995)
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22. Understanding and Supporting the Industry vs. Inferiority Stage in Therapy
12/18/2024
22. Understanding and Supporting the Industry vs. Inferiority Stage in Therapy
In today’s episode, Brenda takes listeners into the 4th stage of Erikson’s model—Industry vs. Inferiority. This stage, typically between the ages of 6 and 11, is all about children figuring out their abilities and learning to feel competent. Brenda highlights how, during this stage, kids start putting in a lot of effort, but they’re also grappling with the reality that they can’t always be the best, even when they've tried their hardest. As mental health therapists, it’s essential to understand the internal conflict that children in this stage often face. They’re trying to balance their efforts with self-doubt, and that can feel overwhelming. Kids also begin to care deeply about peer relationships during this time, which can heighten their sensitivity to how others perceive them. Brenda shares how this stage often looks quieter in therapy. There might not be noticeable progress at first glance, but there’s a lot happening beneath the surface. Kids are exploring their self-worth through play, their effort, and their interactions. As therapists, our role is to stay curious about their internal world and validate their experiences. It’s about guiding them to recognize that their value isn’t just in being the best, but in the effort they put into what they do. Brenda also touches on the challenges of unstructured time, like winter breaks. For some children, the lack of routine during these times can be unsettling and impact their emotional regulation. As therapists, it’s important to help create structure during these breaks and to help children understand and manage these shifts. In this episode, Brenda offers valuable insight into how we, as mental health therapists, can support children in this sensitive stage. By being attuned to their emotional needs and validating their efforts, we can help them navigate this phase with resilience and confidence. Connect with Brenda with the link below: Follow Brenda on Instagram References: Anna Freud. (1946). The Psycho-Analytical Treatment of Children. New York, NY: International Univ. Press. Erik Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development referenced in Freud and Beyond: A History of Modern Psychoanalytic Thought by Mitchell & Black (1995)
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21. A Closer Look at Erikson’s Stage 3: Navigating Initiative vs. Guilt in Early Childhood
12/04/2024
21. A Closer Look at Erikson’s Stage 3: Navigating Initiative vs. Guilt in Early Childhood
In this week’s episode, Brenda brings listeners into one of her favorite stages in Erikson’s eight-stage model: Stage 3, which focuses on children aged 3 to 5. This is the stage of initiative versus guilt, a time when little ones are beginning to assert their independence and explore the world in new and exciting ways. Brenda reframes the concept of “initiative” into something easier to grasp. It’s that spark of independence we see when children try new things and take their first steps toward confidence. This stage is all about testing boundaries and discovering what they’re capable of doing. This is one of the most honest stages of development. Before children learn the social rules that shape interactions later, they live authentically. Their emotions, thoughts, and desires are out in the open, and they’re just starting to realize they are unique individuals. But it’s also a huge transition—from living solely in the safety of home to stepping out into the world. Helping children navigate their emotions is a big part of this stage. They’re learning to express feelings that seem to burst out of them at times. As therapists, we can give them space for these emotions to move while helping them understand what they’re feeling. At this stage, the world feels enormous to a 3- to 5-year-old. Everything is new, unfamiliar, and sometimes overwhelming. Brenda shares how children are filled with curiosity but also need support and guidance to feel safe as they explore. This stage is about giving them room to grow—emotionally, socially, and physically—while also providing a foundation of understanding. Connect with Brenda with the link below Follow Brenda on Instagram References: Anna Freud. (1946). The Psycho-Analytical Treatment of Children. New York, NY: International Univ. Press. Erik Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development referenced in Freud and Beyond: A History of Modern Psychoanalytic Thought by Mitchell & Black (1995) Pat Parelli - Natural Horsemanship, www.parelli.com
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20. Understanding Autonomy vs. Shame: A Closer Look at Erikson’s Second Stage of Development
11/20/2024
20. Understanding Autonomy vs. Shame: A Closer Look at Erikson’s Second Stage of Development
Brenda introduces Erikson’s second stage of development, Autonomy vs. Shame, and highlights the importance of supporting a child’s growing sense of independence. Occurring between the ages of 18 months and 3 years, this stage is a pivotal time when toddlers begin to explore their abilities and assert their own choices. At this stage, children are just beginning to understand that they are separate from the people around them. This newfound awareness can lead to a desire for autonomy, but it can also bring feelings of shame and doubt when they face challenges or are met with disapproval. Supporting a child at this stage requires a close relationship with the caregivers to ensure the child feels both supported and empowered. Brenda gives a closer look into what therapy looks like during this stage but also gives excellent guidance on communicating during this stage. One crucial element during Stage 2 is rapprochement, which refers to the back-and-forth dynamic between a child and their caregiver. This term describes a child's growing awareness of their independence and their need to return to the caregiver for reassurance. Even if you’re not working with toddlers or preschoolers, understanding the struggles of autonomy vs. shame is important. Issues that arise in Stage 2 can echo into later stages of life. Understanding the potential long-term effects of early developmental challenges can be valuable for therapists working with children, teens, and adults. Connect with Brenda with the link below Follow Brenda on Instagram References Mentioned in this Episode: Anna Freud. (1946). The Psycho-Analytical Treatment of Children. New York, NY: International Univ. Press. Margaret Mahler’s Rapprochement in referenced in Freud and Beyond: A History of Modern Psychoanalytic Thought by Mitchell & Black (1995) Erik Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development referenced in Freud and Beyond: A History of Modern Psychoanalytic Thought by Mitchell & Black (1995)
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19. Understanding Children Through Erikson’s First Stage of Development
11/06/2024
19. Understanding Children Through Erikson’s First Stage of Development
In today’s episode, Brenda introduces Erikson’s first stage of development, Trust vs. Mistrust, and explores how to understand a child’s world beyond direct questions. This foundational stage, typically ranging from 0-18 months old, lays the groundwork for their entire emotional and cognitive development, making it essential to tune into behaviors and subtle cues rather than relying on verbal answers alone. In Erikson’s model, the first stage of development — Trust vs. Mistrust — is all about creating a safe and dependable environment for a child. When children sense that their caregivers and surroundings are trustworthy, they begin to feel secure and more willing to explore, learn, and engage with others. For caregivers and therapists, understanding Trust vs. Mistrust in children involves careful observation and assessment, focusing on subtle behaviors that reveal the child’s level of comfort, attachment, and sense of security. Erikson’s model provides a framework for understanding child development that’s rooted in the idea of stages — each of which builds on the previous one. In the case of Trust vs. Mistrust, establishing trust is essential for all future growth. The model isn’t about specific therapeutic interventions, but rather a guide for observing developmental milestones and assessing whether a child is experiencing the security needed to reach them. References Mentioned in this Episode: Lou Cozolino. (2024, 4th ed). The Neuroscience of Psychotherapy: Healing the Social Brain (Norton Series on Interpersonal Neurobiology). Anna Freud. (1946). The Psycho-Analytical Treatment of Children. New York, NY: International Univ. Press. Erik Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development referenced in Freud and Beyond: A History of Modern Psychoanalytic Thought by Mitchell & Black (1995) Bessel Van der Kolk (2015). The Body Keeps the Score.
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18. The Role of Developmental Stages in Child Therapy
10/23/2024
18. The Role of Developmental Stages in Child Therapy
In today's episode, Brenda shares her experience working with children in therapy and how understanding child development can make therapy more effective. Measuring progress with kids can be tricky, as they often can’t express how they feel or recognize changes. What may look like simple play can actually be therapeutic when approached with the right understanding of where the child is developmentally. Brenda takes a developmental approach, emphasizing that emotional and psychological growth in children isn’t as easily defined as physical growth. Trauma can disrupt development, so it’s crucial to observe behaviors within the context of the child’s age and experiences. Brenda walks listeners through Erik Erikson’s eight-stage model of psychological development, explaining how these stages offer a roadmap for understanding where children should be emotionally and psychologically at different ages. By using this model, Brenda helps ensure that therapy stays aligned with a child’s needs and developmental goals, offering a framework for both parents and therapists to understand progress more clearly. Through these models therapists can help children grow emotionally and mentally at their own pace, ensuring therapy truly supports their long-term well-being. References Mentioned in this Episode: Anna Freud. (1946). The Psycho-Analytical Treatment of Children. New York, NY: International Univ. Press. Erik Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development referenced in Freud and Beyond: A History of Modern Psychoanalytic Thought by Mitchell & Black (1995)
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17. Social Learning and Emotional Bonds: What We Can Learn from Humans and Animals
10/11/2024
17. Social Learning and Emotional Bonds: What We Can Learn from Humans and Animals
This week, Brenda brings listeners into a research-based episode to explore the fascinating concept of social learning and emotional transference, touching on the profound ways these ideas shape our understanding of human and animal behavior. Social learning—learning through observation—goes beyond simple imitation. It's about how we absorb emotions, behaviors, and intentions from those around us. Through Brenda’s discussion, she takes a closer look at how infants can even recognize the reliability of adults, how emotions are transferred among animals and humans, and how these insights open up new questions about emotional bonds and relationships. This research is a powerful reminder of the importance of practices like play intervention therapy and animal-assisted therapy. Play therapy allows children to express their emotions in a safe, controlled environment, helping them learn to identify their feelings, understand the behaviors of others, and develop crucial social and emotional skills. Animal-assisted therapy, on the other hand, taps into the deep, universal bond between animals and humans. Animals can help children recognize and respond to emotional cues, teaching empathy, emotional regulation, and connection in ways that words alone often can’t. As Brenda brings listeners into these ideas, she leaves us with bigger questions: What are we truly picking up from others? How do we interpret the emotional signals and behaviors we see? Through understanding social learning and emotional transference, we can become more mindful of our actions, emotions, and how others are learning from us. And with animal-assisted therapy, there is so much more to uncover about how these emotional connections can shape healing, growth, and deeper understanding in therapeutic settings. References Mentioned in this Episode: Aronson, E. (2004). The Social animal (9th ed.). Worth Publishers. Lingiardi, V. & McWilliams, N., (Eds.). (2017). Psychodynamic diagnostic manual (2nd ed.). Guilford Press. Poulin-Dubois, D., & Brosseau-Liard, P. (2016). The Developmental Origins of Selective Social Learning. Current directions in psychological science, 25(1), 60–64. https://doi.org/10.1177/0963721415613962 Trösch, M., Pellon, S., Cuzol, F. et al. Horses feel emotions when they watch positive and negative horse–human interactions in a video and transpose what they saw to real life. Anim Cogn 23, 643–653 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10071-020-01369-0
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16. Transference in Therapy: How Animals Help Us Understand Non-Verbal Cues
09/25/2024
16. Transference in Therapy: How Animals Help Us Understand Non-Verbal Cues
Animals have a unique ability to signal non-verbally, reflecting our internal emotional states. By learning to interpret these signals, therapists can enhance their effectiveness and deepen their understanding of clients. In today’s episode Brenda highlights transference—the phenomenon where feelings about one person are unconsciously redirected to another. This is especially relevant in therapy settings, where non-verbal cues can reveal much about a client's emotional landscape. Understanding transference is crucial for therapists. For instance, when a child enters a therapy session, their emotional state can be influenced by their surroundings. If the waiting area feels unsafe, the child may carry anxiety and fear into the session, which can be reflected in their body language and facial expressions. Brenda notes that these emotions can create a feeling tone that transfers across the room. A child might perceive an adult as threatening simply due to a misread of non-verbal cues. In this way, the child’s relational patterns—shaped by previous experiences—can impact their current interactions. Brenda emphasizes that animals help illuminate these non-verbal patterns of relationships. Animals play a critical role in enhancing our understanding of transference. By observing the interactions between children and therapy animals, we can uncover important emotional patterns and relational dynamics. Incorporating animals into therapeutic settings offers a powerful way to explore emotional states and non-verbal communication. As we learn to interpret these interactions, we pave the way for deeper understanding and healing. Connect with Brenda with the link below Follow Brenda on Instagram References Mentioned in this Episode: Jung, C.G. (1989). Memories, dreams, reflections. (A. Jaffé, Ed., R. & C. Winston, Trans.). New York, NY: Vintage Books. (Original work published 1963). p. 212. Jung, C. G. (1985). The Practice of psychotherapy (H. Read et al., Eds.), The collected works of C. G. Jung (R. F. C. Hull, Trans.) (Vol. 16). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. (Original work published 1929). p. 61. McWilliams, N. (1999). Psychoanalytic case formulation. Guilford Press. P. 106. Panksepp, J. (2009). Brain emotional systems and qualities of mental life: From animal models of affect to implications for psychotherapeutics. In D. Fosha, D. J., Siegel, & M. F. Solomon (Eds.), The healing power of emotion: Affective neuroscience, development & clinical practice (pp. 1-26). New York, NY: Norton. Stephen Porges (2011). Polyvagal theory: Neurophysiological foundations of emotions, attachment, communication, and self-regulation. pp. 12-17.
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15. Using Non-Verbal Communication and Animal-Assisted Therapy to Enhance Patient Care
09/11/2024
15. Using Non-Verbal Communication and Animal-Assisted Therapy to Enhance Patient Care
In today’s episode, Brenda dives into two compelling areas of therapy: the role of projections and non-verbal communication, and the evolving field of animal-assisted therapy. This dual focus provides valuable insights into how therapists can better understand and diagnose their patients. Brenda starts by exploring projections—those non-verbal behaviors that reveal underlying thoughts, feelings, and experiences. In therapy, understanding these projections is crucial. They often manifest as subtle cues, like body language or facial expressions, that can provide a window into a patient’s emotional state. Brenda reminds listeners of the importance of deciphering non-verbal communication patterns. By learning to read these patterns, therapists can gain a deeper understanding of their patients. Brenda also highlights the growing field of animal-assisted therapy and she explains how AAT can offer diagnostic insights that traditional methods might miss. Today’s episode emphasizes the benefits of combining projections, non-verbal communication, and animal-assisted therapy to improve therapeutic outcomes. Connect with Brenda with the link below Follow Brenda on Instagram References Mentioned in this Episode: Jaak Panksepp & Lucy Biven. (2012). The Archaeology of Mind: Neuroevolutionary Origins of Human Emotions (Norton Series on Interpersonal Neurobiology) 1st Edition. W. W. Norton & Company. Smith AV, Proops L, Grounds K, Wathan J, McComb K. (2016) “Functionally relevant responses to human facial expressions of emotion in the domestic horse (Equus caballus)”. Biol Lett. Feb;12(2):20150907. doi: 10.1098/rsbl.2015.0907
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14. Understanding and Managing Negative Projections in Child Therapy
08/28/2024
14. Understanding and Managing Negative Projections in Child Therapy
Projections are a powerful dynamic in therapy, revealing the hidden emotions and thoughts that children might not even be aware they're expressing. While much attention is given to positive projections, today, Brenda is shifting the focus to the negative ones. Negative projections are spontaneous and often unconscious, making them challenging to recognize and address. They can show up as statements or behaviors that feel like a blow, not because they are intended to hurt. In therapy, negative projections might emerge when a child expresses something that feels critical or hurtful. For example, a child might say something that seems accusatory or dismissive. It's important to remember that these statements are not meant to be negative or offensive—they are a reflection of the child's current emotional state and their attempt to make sense of their world. Brenda emphasizes the importance of distinguishing between what belongs to us and what is being projected onto us by the child. This distinction is crucial in building empathy, as it allows us to understand that the child is not attacking us personally, but rather expressing their struggles in the only way they know how. It's essential to create a safe space where the child feels comfortable exploring their feelings, even the difficult ones.By approaching these projections with empathy and a genuine desire to understand, we can help children navigate their emotions and improve their social interactions. Brenda’s insights remind us that these projections are not personal attacks, but rather unconscious expressions of a child’s inner world—expressions that, when understood and addressed, can lead to significant therapeutic progress. Connect with Brenda with the link below
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