HVAC School - For Techs, By Techs

HVAC School is the ever growing online source for real training topics for technicians in the Air-conditioning, Heating and Ventilation Fields. In the podcast, we will share recorded training, tech ride alongs, share challenging diagnostic scenarios. All to help make the industry, your company, and your truck a better place to be.

The Vacuum Deep Dive: Microns, Moisture, and Molecular Science 05/07/2026

The Vacuum Deep Dive: Microns, Moisture, and Molecular Science In this action-packed live stream episode of HVAC School, host Bryan is joined by Eric Kaiser, Ty Branaman, and Roman Baugh for a continuation of a deep-dive conversation on vacuum practices — picking up where a previous episode left off with Andrew Greaves and Jim Bergmann. The team sets out to both reinforce the foundational best practices every HVAC technician should follow and to explore some genuinely uncharted scientific territory around how vacuum gauges actually work, how refrigerant contaminates micron gauge readings, and what really happens to moisture inside a system when temperatures drop below freezing. A central revelation of the episode is Eric’s explanation that modern electronic vacuum (micron) gauges do not actually measure pressure directly — they measure heat transfer and translate it into a pressure reading. Because these gauges are calibrated to nitrogen or air, the presence of refrigerant vapor in a system (which has roughly three times the heat conductivity of nitrogen) can cause the gauge to display a falsely high reading. This means a technician could believe the system still has poor vacuum when it may actually be further along than indicated — or, more concerning, that a system appears to have passed vacuum when contamination is still present. The team acknowledges that controlled experiments are needed to quantify exactly how much refrigerant affects the reading, and they commit to designing those tests. The conversation then pivots into the physics of water at the triple point — the precise pressure (4,580 microns) and temperature (32°F) at which water can exist simultaneously as solid, liquid, and vapor. Eric walks the audience through a phase diagram built from International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam data, explaining that once pressure drops below the triple point, liquid water no longer exists. Any moisture in the system either sublimes directly from solid ice to vapor or remains frozen. This has major practical implications: a system with ice inside can still pull down to a very deep vacuum, but will not pass a decay test until that ice is fully sublimated — which requires both sufficient vacuum depth and available heat energy. The colder the ambient environment, the deeper the vacuum must go to create the temperature differential needed to drive sublimation. The episode wraps with an illuminating discussion on refrigerant oils — specifically the differences between POE (polyolester) and PVE (polyvinyl ether) oils and how each interacts with moisture in fundamentally different ways. POE chemically bonds with water through hydrolysis, breaking down into acid and alcohol and permanently degrading the oil. PVE, on the other hand, physically traps moisture through surface tension and can hold up to twice as much water as POE, but remains chemically stable. This distinction affects vacuum strategy, dryer sizing, and long-term system reliability — particularly in VRF and cold-climate heat pump systems where compressor oil management is far more complex. Topics Covered Core vacuum best practices refresher: large hoses, removing valve cores, skipping the manifold, using clean pump oil, micron gauge placement, and decay testing Why micron gauges measure heat transfer — not pressure — and how refrigerant vapor causes false-high readings on the gauge The impact of refrigerant retained in compressor oil on vacuum accuracy and the potential role of nitrogen sweeps in displacing refrigerant molecules Triple point science: what happens to moisture when pressure drops below 4,580 microns and why liquid water no longer exists below that threshold How ice inside a system can allow a deep vacuum pull-down while still failing a decay test, and what that means for cold-climate HVAC work The role of heat during evacuation: why adding heat accelerates moisture removal and how deep vacuum increases temperature differential to drive sublimation Cold-climate challenges: vacuum pump limitations, micron gauge accuracy at low temperatures, and the physics of dry air in freezing environments Triple evacuation and nitrogen purging: whether nitrogen disrupts oil pockets, displaces refrigerant, or both — and why the team wants to test it Nitrogen tank quality concerns: the possibility that low-grade nitrogen could introduce moisture and whether an inline dryer would help Using system flush chemicals: why Ty cautions against flushing agents and the risks of adding additional chemicals that break down oil POE vs. PVE oil chemistry: how POE undergoes hydrolysis when exposed to moisture (creating acid) versus how PVE physically traps water without chemical breakdown Dryer strategy for large commercial systems, VRF, and VRV: filter dryer sizing, core pulls, oil sampling, and why an “oil dialysis machine” would be a game-changer Plans for future controlled experiments: testing refrigerant effects on micron gauges, ice behavior at various temperatures, and vacuum performance in cold climates Industry influence over time: how community-driven knowledge sharing has already shifted vacuum and refrigerant practices over the past decade Whether you’re a residential technician looking to sharpen the fundamentals or a commercial refrigeration specialist wrestling with VRF oil contamination, this episode delivers both practical takeaways and a front-row seat to the scientific inquiry that drives best practices forward. As Bryan puts it: “Don’t wait for us — if you want to do the experiment, be part of the conversation.” Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/41077080

Surge Protection for HVAC - Short #285 05/05/2026

Surge Protection for HVAC - Short #285 This short podcast is from the Bry-X stage of the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium: Cheryl Klein's "Surge Protection for HVAC." Cheryl is with DITEK, a veteran-owned company based in Florida, and has extensive knowledge of whole-home surge protection and HVAC-specific surge protectors. HVAC systems may have their lifespans reduced by power surges (tens of thousands of volts within microseconds) or sustained overvoltage. Surge protectors specifically protect the equipment from power surges, though DITEK manufactures products that help manage sustained overvoltage (and undervoltage, which surge protectors CANNOT protect against). Nearby lightning strikes and high voltage from the utility company (especially after undervoltage) are common causes of surges. Everyone in the country has risks of power surges, but some areas are exceptionally high-risk, whether due to utility causes or climate (lightning storms). Degradation is the invisible damage that occurs over time with repeated surges. Destruction can be associated with a specific event, like a direct lightning strike or a blown transformer. Surge protection helps with both; when a surge comes through, the surge protector directs the surge to ground instead of your HVAC equipment. DITEK uses thermally protected MOVs (TPMOVs) to redirect the surge; TPMOVs react to surges and change from a low-impedance state to a high-impedance state, effectively pointing the surges to ground, and only a clamped voltage makes it to the HVAC equipment. However, surge protectors will degrade with each event; DITEK's surge protectors have LEDs indicating their health. NEC 2020 requires surge protection on all dwellings, so many homeowners have whole-home surge protection already installed. Surge protection on the HVAC unit can still be added as an extra layer, which provides better protection for the HVAC system specifically. HVAC surge protection works at the condenser. DITEK's KoolGuard2 (KG2) is a voltage monitor that works on single-phase equipment under 40 continuous amps. It cuts power if the power exceeds or dips too far below the typical voltage, and then it restores power after three minutes. It also does not require programming, but it has a few best practices, such as reducing lead length to improve the clamping voltage and keeping protected and unprotected wires in separate conduits. Ground must also be within code have low enough impedance to redirect the surges effectively; the resistance can only be measured properly with a megohmmeter or clamp meter. DITEK also has three-phase surge protection for commercial equipment and has options for BAS systems. Learn more about DITEK's products and DITEK University at . Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/40899380

20 Years in Family Business from the Kalos Founders 04/30/2026

20 Years in Family Business from the Kalos Founders In this special live panel session recorded at the 7th Annual HVAC/R Training Symposium, the three founders of Kalos Services — Bryan Orr, his father Robert (Bob) Orr, and uncle Keith Huntington — sit down together to celebrate the company's 20th anniversary and answer questions from the audience and online attendees. Hosted by Bert, the conversation blends humor, hard-earned wisdom, and surprising candor about what it actually takes to build and sustain a trades business over two decades. From humble beginnings with $100,000 in startup capital to managing multi-million-dollar commercial contracts today, the founders pull back the curtain on the messy, unpredictable, and deeply human reality of entrepreneurship in the skilled trades. A recurring theme throughout the panel is that starting a business requires far more than technical skill — it demands grit, personal support, and an almost stubborn refusal to outspend your income. Bryan shares a raw, memorable story about living in a double-wide trailer with seven kids while Kalos was already nine years old, choosing to improvise a drainage workaround rather than take on debt he couldn't afford. The founders agree that the number-one ingredient for small business survival is grit — the ability to wake up the next morning after a terrible day and take the next step anyway. Robert adds a philosophical note that extreme negative emotions in business are almost never accurate; they pass, and tomorrow tends to look better than the night before suggested it would. One of the most discussed topics in the panel is how to motivate technicians to care about quality — not just revenue targets. Bryan makes a pointed distinction: if you build a compensation system optimized purely for money, you attract people who are only motivated by money. Instead, he advocates building a culture where belonging is tied to quality of work. Practical tools like daily photo-posting of installs in Google Chat, public shout-outs for great work, and peer commentary create an environment where craftspeople hold each other to a standard — not because they're forced to, but because it's who they are. Keith echoes this, emphasizing that most technician frustration stems not from laziness but from unclear systems and expectations set by leadership. When people don't know what's expected, they disengage — and that's a leadership problem, not a people problem. The panel also dives into the nuances of running a family business, with all three founders offering surprisingly candid takes. Keith notes that the key to 20 relatively friction-free years has been that all three founders are "120 degrees different" from each other — their strengths don't overlap, so they rarely fight over territory. Bryan adds that healthy family businesses require the ability to have real conflict for the sake of mission, not just harmony. He also speaks to the importance of organizational structure when family members are involved: his own son Gavin, at 21 years old, works at Kalos but reports through multiple layers of management precisely so Bryan doesn't micromanage him. The session closes with reflections on the riskiest moments in the company's history — and Bryan's honest admission that four weeks prior to the symposium ranked among the most stressful, as large promised contracts delayed in paperwork can shake even an established business to its core. Topics Covered Expanding HVAC services into electrical and plumbing — what technicians can realistically do and when to partner with specialists The real prerequisites for going out on your own: craft knowledge, personal support system, and financial discipline Why grit — not capital or credentials — is the single most important ingredient for small business survival How to attract technicians who genuinely care about quality, not just technicians who chase commissions Using internal tools like Google Chat to reinforce a culture of craftsmanship and peer accountability The danger of building systems that look great on paper but don't survive contact with real-world field conditions Advice on contractor mentoring programs — how to absorb outside coaching without losing your own identity and standards Lessons from running a family business: complementary roles, honest conflict, and the importance of organizational separation How Kalos Services grew from $100,000 in startup capital to a multi-trade general contractor over 20 years The role of visionary vs. operator personalities in a founding team, and why both are essential The founders' biggest career mistakes — including owning full responsibility for a six-figure grocery store power outage Why private equity growth models don't translate to owner-operated trades businesses Hiring to fill your weaknesses: from permitting to office management, delegating what you hate frees you to lead Recommended training resources: HVAC School, Ty Craig / Skill Cat, Ruth King, ESCO, and Dirk Nauman Why the riskiest stage of business is never behind you — it scales with the size of your contracts Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/40808370

Permanent Load Reduction As a Sales Driver - Short #284 04/28/2026

Permanent Load Reduction As a Sales Driver - Short #284 This short podcast episode is Jeremy Begley's Bry-X session from the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium: "Permanent Load Reduction in HVAC – The Hidden Driver of Long-Term Sales." Some common customer complaints we hear as HVAC contractors include high humidity, high electric bills, noise, and uncomfortable rooms. The typical HVAC solution is to change the equipment or ductwork, such as by downsizing the unit, adding ancillary dehumidification, or modifying the ductwork. If we can't solve the problem, the customer will ultimately choose a different contractor, no matter how hard we try to modify the HVAC system. However, we may be able to use our thorough load calculations to turn our attention to the building and find ways to reduce the overall loads. We expose problems with the structure and can solve them with permanent load reduction strategies, rather than the equipment and ductwork modifications, and serve customers better while earning more money. Key performance indicators (KPIs) drive money in a business, and ServiceTitan has identified five KPIs closely linked to profit: callbacks, first-time fix rate, warranty claims, comfort complaints, and average ticket. Callbacks are often driven by comfort complaints, which may occur when we modify equipment but not the envelope and vice versa. Warranty claims occur when the equipment can't work as well or efficiently as intended, such as when the load doesn't match the equipment and strains the unit. When we solve these problems, we become trusted advisors and increase customer satisfaction. The customer will continue to work with a company that solves their problems and will recommend HVAC businesses to their family and friends, which also drives sales. Permanent load reduction requires us to understand load calculations thoroughly, but it's a means for HVAC companies to control outcomes. It requires a mindset change, but when we control system outcomes and increase customer satisfaction, we earn trust and earn more sales in return. Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/40792405

Cold Climate Evacuation Livestream - Pandora's Box 04/23/2026

Cold Climate Evacuation Livestream - Pandora's Box In this long-awaited live episode of HVAC School, host Bryan Orr reunites with three industry veterans — Jim Bergmann of measureQuick, Roman Baugh (Kalos), and Andrew Greaves of NAVAC — to tackle one of the most pressing and underaddressed challenges in modern HVAC: performing refrigerant recovery and system evacuation in extreme cold-weather conditions. The conversation was sparked by a real-world observation from technician Chris Hughes, who relocated from Louisiana to Minnesota and quickly discovered just how different — and difficult — cold-climate HVAC work can be. What follows is an honest, science-heavy, and often humorous deep dive into a problem the industry has largely ignored. The episode centers on the growing prevalence of cold-climate heat pumps, especially inverter-driven systems capable of operating at extremely low outdoor temperatures. As these systems become the primary heating source in cold regions, technicians are increasingly being called to make repairs — and perform evacuations — in sub-zero conditions. The group walks through why this is such a challenge, examining the fundamental physics that make pulling a proper vacuum nearly impossible once temperatures drop below 40°F. The conversation draws heavily from refrigeration science principles that, as Jim Bergmann bluntly points out, were largely left out of HVAC trade education over the past several decades. One of the most compelling moments of the episode is Andrew Greaves' introduction of the “heat provocation test,” a term he coins on the spot to describe a technique for verifying whether moisture has truly been removed from a system by observing micron gauge behavior after applying external heat to cold-soaked components. This sparks a rich debate between Jim and Andrew about where moisture actually concentrates in a system — in the line set vs. the outdoor unit — and whether heat can realistically reach those areas in a real-world installation. The panel ultimately agrees that heat is the only viable tool when you absolutely must complete a job in cold conditions, but that prevention and scheduling remain the gold standard. The episode closes with a fascinating dive into the phase diagram of water, specifically the concept of the “triple point” and how it governs moisture behavior at low pressures. Andrew uses a whiteboard diagram to explain why, below 4,500 microns, moisture can only exist as vapor or solid — not liquid — and why that makes sublimation the only removal pathway when heat is absent. Jim adds nuance by describing the self-refrigerating cycle that occurs during deep vacuum pulls, a phenomenon that makes the problem progressively worse the deeper you pull without adding heat. The group wraps up with practical field takeaways and a promise to revisit the topic, including the potential role of nitrogen purging and triple-evacuation techniques in cold-weather scenarios. Topics Covered The rise of cold-climate heat pumps and why they demand refrigerant work during cold seasons Why evacuation becomes extremely difficult — or impossible — below 40°F ambient temperature The physics of moisture removal: heat energy, vapor pressure, and molecular movement Jim Bergmann's real-world demonstration pulling a vacuum to 135 microns on a wet system and still failing the decay test Andrew Greaves' “heat provocation test” — using external heat sources to verify dryness after evacuation The debate over where moisture concentrates: outdoor unit vs. line set Why mini-split manufacturers don't allow permanent desiccant dryers — and workarounds using temporary bypass configurations VRF systems and how shell dryers can be temporarily added and then removed post-evacuation The self-refrigerating cycle: how pulling a vacuum on ice makes the system progressively colder and more resistant to drying Phase diagram of water: the triple point (~4,580 microns) and why liquid water becomes unstable below it Why sublimation is the only moisture removal pathway below the triple point Gibbs free energy and its role in determining which phase (solid, liquid, vapor) a substance will occupy Hot nitrogen purging as a method for carrying moisture out of open line sets Push-pull recovery technique to maximize refrigerant removal in cold conditions The challenge of vapor recovery in cold weather — leaving multiple pounds of refrigerant behind Practical field solutions: insulated tarps, portable propane heaters, belly band heaters, heat guns Dry ice cold-trap brainstorm as a creative moisture capture method The dual-fuel argument: why Jim advocates for backup heating as the real long-term solution How rapid industry growth in the mid-20th century led to mechanics being trained instead of engineers, losing foundational science in the process Why this topic matters more now than ever as cold-climate compression refrigeration becomes mainstream You can watch the original livestream on YouTube . Learn more about the book Review of Vacuum for Service Engineers or purchase it from . Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/40781240

Training Refrigeration: Building Technicians Who Think, Not Just Fix - Short #283 04/21/2026

Training Refrigeration: Building Technicians Who Think, Not Just Fix - Short #283 Training the refrigeration technician is about building technicians who think, not just fix. In this engaging conversation from the 7th Annual HVAC/R Training Symposium, host Trevor Matthews sits down with Billy Carlson to explore what it really takes to develop technicians who think critically and troubleshoot effectively. Billy shares his journey in the HVAC/R industry, from residential air conditioning to commercial refrigeration, and ultimately specializing in supermarket rack systems and CO2 refrigeration. With only five years in the grocery sector, his company now dedicates 70-80% of its work to refrigeration, with 40% focused on rack systems. This rapid transition offers valuable insights for contractors looking to expand into commercial refrigeration. Key Topics Covered: Building Technicians, Not Just Fixers - Why understanding component flow, P&IDs, and electrical diagrams is crucial for developing thinking technicians rather than parts changers CO2 Refrigeration Training - Billy's honest account of learning CO2 systems, including challenges with dry ice formation, charging procedures, and system tuning Supermarket Rack Work - The unique pressures and rewards of maintaining systems that hold entire stores, including HFC and CO2 racks with multiple compressors Effective Training Methods - Billy's approach to teaching his five-person team, from component identification to reading refrigeration schedules and understanding sequence of operations Fine-Tuning Systems - Insights on slowing down ramp rates, adjusting flash tank pressure, and the importance of proper startup commissioning time Controls & Communications - Why modern refrigeration technicians need to understand networking, gateways, and digital controls alongside traditional refrigeration knowledge Billy emphasizes that patience and willingness to ask for help are essential traits for anyone entering supermarket refrigeration. He shares practical tips on charging CO2 systems, avoiding dry ice in lines, working with VFDs, and reading trend graphs to optimize system performance. Whether you're a residential tech considering commercial refrigeration, a trainer developing curriculum, or a service manager building a team, this conversation offers real-world wisdom on creating technicians who understand the "why" behind every repair. Check out Refrigeration Mentor at . Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/40749200

Succession in Family Business w/ TruTech & Kalos 04/16/2026

Succession in Family Business w/ TruTech & Kalos In this special collaborative episode between the Building HVAC Science Podcast and HVAC School, host Bryan Orr sits down with his father and co-founder Robert Orr (Kalos) and Bill and Billy Spohn, the father-son duo behind TruTech Tools, for an in-depth conversation about the realities of running, transitioning, and ultimately passing the torch in a family-owned business. What makes this episode particularly compelling is that both pairs are actively living through their own succession journeys in real time, offering listeners an unusually candid and personal look at the emotional, structural, and cultural dimensions of handing off a business you helped build from the ground up. The conversation begins with each participant sharing where they stand today. Bill Spohn Sr. is transitioning into semi-retirement as CEO and co-owner of TruTech Tools, which has tripled in revenue since his son Billy joined the company in 2018. Billy Spohn has stepped into the role of President and co-owner, focusing on working on the business rather than in it. Robert Orr, co-founder of Kalos alongside Bryan, has similarly stepped back after a formalized three-year succession plan, with Bryan now holding majority ownership and day-to-day control. Together, these four men represent two different approaches to the same deeply human challenge: what does it really mean to let go of something you built, and how do you do it in a way that honors both the past and the future? A major theme throughout the episode is the emotional weight of identity and transition that founders and long-time leaders rarely talk about openly. Both Bill Spohn Sr. and Robert Orr reflect candidly on how much of their personal identity has been wrapped up in their respective companies, and how surprising it has been to grapple with the shift from decision-maker to advisor. Robert speaks movingly about health challenges, including having suffered strokes, that accelerated his thinking about succession and mortality. The group explores how no amount of business planning fully prepares you for the emotional reality of stepping back, and yet both men express genuine peace and gratitude for how their transitions have unfolded. The honesty in these reflections is rare and refreshing, especially in business media that often skips the messy human middle. The discussion also digs deeply into the operational and cultural infrastructure that makes a successful handoff possible. TruTech Tools implemented the Entrepreneurial Operating System (EOS) starting in 2022, a framework that Billy says was one of the greatest gifts his father could have given him before assuming leadership. EOS brought role clarity, accountability structures, and regular team rhythms that transformed how the company functions. Bryan and Robert took a more organic approach at Kalos, leaning on trust, a shared value system, and clearly defined responsibilities that evolved over years of working side by side. Both companies emphasize that clarity and accountability are non-negotiable, regardless of company size, and that culture is not a poster on the wall but a reflection of how leaders actually behave when things get hard. The episode closes with practical advice for other family business owners navigating similar journeys. Key takeaways include starting the conversation early, building an advisory board outside the company, making public commitments to accountability, investing in business reading and peer groups, holding regular family meetings so that everyone understands the plan, and above all, prioritizing emotional health and the ability to have hard conversations before they become festering resentments. Bryan offers a memorable point: intelligence gets beaten by emotional regulation and patience every day. The group is unanimous that succession planning is not a single event but a thousand small handoffs, and the best time to start preparing is well before you feel ready. Topics Covered Introductions: Bryan Orr (Kalos), Robert Orr (Kalos co-founder), Bill Spohn Sr. (TruTech Tools CEO), and Billy Spohn (TruTech Tools President) TruTech Tools 3x revenue growth since Billy joined in 2018 The emotional side of letting go: identity shifts, loss of relevance, and the unexpected grief of stepping back from a business you built Moving from decision-maker to advisor: how both Bill Sr. and Robert are navigating this transition Legacy vs. transactional business: building to keep versus building to sell, and the stewardship mindset The baton handoff metaphor: why succession is a thousand small transitions, not one dramatic moment Robert Orr on health challenges (strokes) that accelerated his thinking about succession planning EOS (Entrepreneurial Operating System) at TruTech Tools: what it is, how it was implemented over two years starting in 2022, and why Billy credits it as the single biggest gift for his leadership journey Role clarity and accountability charts versus traditional org charts Quarterly employee check-ins as an alternative to annual reviews How Kalos grew organically without a formal EOS framework, and the value of building structure around trust and shared values GWC framework from EOS: Gets it, Wants it, Capacity to do it Kalos hitting 400+ employees and the challenges that come with scale Culture preservation through succession: how core values survive a leadership change Faith-based principles in business culture: loving your neighbor, leading with grace, clarity as kindness The concept of stewardship: feeling responsible for a business rather than simply owning it Separate job descriptions for CEO vs. President at TruTech Tools and why it mattered for the whole team Bryan on having five family members working at Kalos and maintaining clear boundaries between family and professional roles Advice for family businesses: start early, overcommunicate, make public commitments, seek outside advisors Building a small advisory board outside the company for outside perspective Recommended resources: business peer groups, books on succession planning, and the EOS/Traction framework by Gino Wickman The importance of family meetings for keeping non-active family members informed and aligned Forgiveness and reconciliation as a foundation for healthy family business relationships Having hard conversations proactively so tension does not carry into family life Bill Spohn Sr.'s closing reflection on what comes after stepping back, and the importance of preparing for your next chapter in life Resources mentioned: Traction by Gino Wickman Rocket Fuel by Gino Wickman & Mark Winters Succeeding by Albert Ciuksza Good to Great by Jim Collins Family Business Succession: The Final Test of Greatness by Aronoff, McClure, & Ward Process! by Mike Paton and Lisa Gonzalez The Business Transition Handbook by Laurie R. Barkman Who Comes Next? Leadership Succession Planning Made Easy by Mary C. Kelly & Meredith E. Powell Predictive Index (personality/behavioral assessment tool used at Kalos) University of Pittsburgh business peer group for entrepreneurs (referenced by Billy) Family business advisory boards and outside mentors Visit TruTech Tools at . Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/40698575

Adding Plumbing To Your HVAC Business - Short #282 04/14/2026

Troubleshooting Tips and Tricks w/ Let's Be Techs 04/09/2026

Troubleshooting Tips and Tricks w/ Let's Be Techs In this episode of the HVAC School Podcast, host Bryan sits down with Johnny, the creator behind the popular social media channel “Let’s Be Techs.” Johnny brings a wealth of hands-on experience to the table, having spent his first 13 years in residential HVAC before transitioning into commercial refrigeration. He shares his unconventional path into the trade—starting out building houses before being recommended to an HVAC contractor—and how the lack of quality mentorship early in his career motivated him to create educational content for technicians. His videos, which began as a fun hobby and a way to teach his helper remotely, have since grown exponentially across TikTok, YouTube, and Facebook, and continue to attract technicians hungry for practical, real-world knowledge. The bulk of the episode is a deep dive into real-world troubleshooting strategies, covering everything from the very first moments you arrive on a job site to diagnosing complex intermittent electrical faults. Bryan and Johnny both emphasize the value of using your senses before reaching for specialty tools—listening for surging liquid lines, feeling condenser airflow with your hand, and visually inspecting service valves for oil before removing caps. They share a mutual philosophy that the best technicians are those who can step back, assess the big picture, and narrow down the problem systematically rather than immediately jumping to assumptions about charge levels or component failures. A significant portion of the conversation centers on low-voltage electrical diagnostics, an area where both techs have noticed major changes over the last several years. Bryan and Johnny discuss the rise of contactor coil failures, transformer overload from aftermarket add-ons like UV lights and zone dampers, and the clever use of a contactor in place of a fuse as a low-cost short-finder tool. They also revisit the concept of “tattletale” fuses and resettable fuses, comparing their reliability and appropriate applications. Throughout these discussions, both hosts bring in personal war stories that make the technical content feel grounded and immediately applicable to everyday service calls. The episode wraps up with discussions on thermal imaging cameras, scroll compressor anomalies, and a memorable consulting story from Barbados involving a VRF system. Johnny and Bryan also touch on the importance of sharing knowledge openly in the trades, pushing back against the gatekeeping mentality that leaves newer technicians struggling to find reliable information. Both agree that the comment sections of field-focused videos have become a valuable community resource—a place where techs teach each other, correct each other, and build a collective knowledge base that benefits the whole industry. Topics Covered Johnny’s background: from construction to HVAC apprenticeship to commercial refrigeration How “Let’s Be Techs” started as a fun hobby and grew into a major social media presence Using your senses first: listening, looking, and feeling before pulling out specialty tools Checking service valves for oil and inspecting caps/seals before connecting gauges Walk-in cooler first-response checklist: fans, thermostat display, suction line frost, liquid line surging Feeling condenser airflow direction to diagnose dirty or clogged coils Identifying capacitor and contactor issues from the moment you approach residential equipment The rise of contactor coil failures and how location-based dirty power contributes Transformer overload: understanding the 40 VA / 24V current rating and why a 5-amp fuse doesn’t protect windings Aftermarket add-ons (UV lights, dampers, zone systems) overloading low-voltage circuits Float switches fusing closed from excess current draw The contactor-as-short-finder trick: a DIY alternative to the Short Pro tool Adding individual circuit fuses (“tattletale” fuses) for isolating intermittent low-voltage shorts Resettable (popper) fuses: reliability issues and why 3-amp versions outperform 5-amp versions Contextual diagnostics: thinking about when and why a fuse blew (weather, season, recent activity) The 225°F discharge line rule for monitoring compressor health Scroll compressor oddities: running backwards, check valve failures, and starting under equalized pressure VRF system quirk: electronic expansion valves staying open when power is cut to one air handler Thermal imaging cameras: practical applications in the field including electrical panels, motors, condenser coils, and compressor racks Using black tape (gaffer’s tape) to improve thermal imaging accuracy on shiny surfaces Megohmmeter use for finding wire shorts that are intermittent but close to failing The importance of anti-gatekeeping: sharing knowledge freely and learning from community feedback Follow Johnny on social media as "Let's Be Techs" on YouTube, TikTok, Facebook, and Instagram. Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/40546625

Heat In....Heat Out: All About Heat Transfer w/ Joe Joe The HVAC Man - Short #281 04/07/2026

Building Science at the Kitchen Table: Using Testing to Close the Sale 04/02/2026

Building Science at the Kitchen Table: Using Testing to Close the Sale Recorded live at the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium, this episode brings together Roman from HVAC School and building science practitioner Brynn for a deep-dive conversation on one of the most pressing challenges in the HVAC industry: how contractors can use building science principles not just to solve problems, but to communicate value and close sales at the kitchen table. With 26 years of industry experience and 15 years of consistently applying building science in his contracting business, Brynn shares the process his team has refined to help homeowners understand their comfort problems — and confidently invest in the right solutions. Central to the conversation is the idea that testing — not guessing — is the foundation of a great HVAC business. Brynn outlines his team’s “big three” diagnostic approach: starting with indoor air quality testing, followed by a load calculation using a LIDAR tool, and finishing with a duct evaluation. These three steps give technicians the data they need to tie findings directly to a homeowner’s stated concerns. Rather than overwhelming customers with spreadsheets and raw numbers, the goal is to present information in a way that connects with their lived experience — validating that their hot rooms, cold spots, or humidity discomfort are real, measurable problems with real, measurable solutions. Brynn’s team can complete a full load calculation in as little as 20 minutes on-site, a capability that routinely impresses homeowners and sets them apart from competitors. The episode also tackles the business case for slowing down. Rather than rushing technicians through six to eight calls a day, Brynn’s company reduced daily call volume to two to four, giving technicians time to perform thorough diagnostics. The result? Ticket sales increased, replacement opportunities grew organically, and install callbacks dropped to a remarkable half of one percent, compared to an industry average closer to ten percent. Roman and Brynn agree that adopting building science practices isn’t about overhauling your business overnight. The key is to start with one skill — like combustion testing or airflow measurement — master it, embed it in company culture, and build from there. Over time, these small habits compound into a business that delivers on its promises every time. Beyond the technical content, the conversation wraps with a heartfelt discussion about workforce development and the GRIT Foundation, a nonprofit working to reintroduce skilled trades exposure to young people. With shop classes having largely disappeared from schools across the country, Brynn and Roman emphasize the importance of giving children the chance to discover a passion for hands-on work. Brynn’s team hosted a GRIT camp in Detroit, and one participant has since enrolled in HVAC college — a reminder that sparking curiosity early can change the trajectory of a young person’s life. Contractors interested in Brynn’s training programs and building science bootcamps can find more information at HVACTrain.com. Topics Covered The culture and community of the HVACR Symposium and why first-time attendees always come back Why building science can feel intimidating to contractors — and how to simplify it for customer conversations Brynn’s “big three” on-site diagnostics: indoor air quality testing, load calculation, and duct evaluation How to ask the right questions first — understanding the customer’s pain before running tests Using data to validate homeowner concerns (hot rooms, cold spots, humidity issues) rather than dismissing them Completing a full load calculation in 20 minutes using LiDAR tools and tablet software Presenting test results with third-party references (EPA, American Lung Association) to build trust Why oversized HVAC equipment is the rule, not the exception — and what the data shows across thousands of homes The business case for slowing down: fewer daily calls, better diagnostics, higher ticket sales, fewer callbacks Reducing install callbacks from an industry average of ~10% to just 0.5% through building science practices How to implement building science incrementally: start with one practice, make it a habit, then build from there Using platforms like measureQuick and Smart Probe for ongoing performance verification Mitigating legal and financial risk on larger residential and multi-family projects through proper documentation Building a word-of-mouth reputation that eliminates the need for active marketing The GRIT Foundation: reintroducing skilled trades to young people and inspiring the next generation of HVAC professionals Where to find Brynn’s contractor bootcamps, online classes, and workforce development seminars at HVACTrain.com Learn more about Brynn's education opportunities at . Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/40504125

Hard Lessons w/ Roman, Tim D., Nathan O. and ELK 03/31/2026

Better Seen than Viewed w/ Jim Bergmann 03/26/2026

Better Seen than Viewed w/ Jim Bergmann In this heartfelt and wide-ranging episode, host Bryan reconnects with Jim Bergmann of measureQuick after nearly three years apart. The reunion is anything but ordinary — Jim opens up about a serious battle with non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma that sent him through not one but two rounds of chemotherapy, ultimately requiring a cutting-edge CAR-T cell immunotherapy treatment at the Cleveland Clinic. Jim shares the remarkable medical journey of having his T cells extracted, genetically modified in a Maryland lab, and reintroduced into his body to permanently attack cancer cells. Now past the critical six-month remission milestone, Jim is back, healthy, and more motivated than ever to push the HVAC diagnostics industry forward. From his medical comeback, the conversation transitions naturally into what Jim loves most: the world of HVAC diagnostics and the evolution of measureQuick. After years of defending a per-use pricing model that the market simply didn't embrace, Jim candidly admits the old model wasn't working. With the help of business partner Eric Preston (formerly of TruTech Tools), the team overhauled the software's pricing structure in February — a move that has since driven 90%+ customer retention and accelerated growth significantly. The new focus is squarely on "time to value," streamlining workflows so technicians reach key diagnostic reports faster than ever before. A significant portion of the episode dives into how measureQuick is thoughtfully integrating artificial intelligence. Rather than chasing AI trends, Jim and his team — including AI specialist Ben Reed — took a deliberate approach: identifying the precise areas where AI genuinely helps technicians without creating distractions. The standout use case is label identification, where AI reads equipment labels and auto-populates system profiles. Jim is refreshingly candid about AI's limitations in HVAC diagnostics, explaining that the field variability of real-world systems (varying line set lengths, mismatched equipment, non-standard airflow conditions) makes purely AI-driven diagnostics unreliable. Instead, measureQuick leans on first-principle modeling and non-dimensional mathematics to generate objective, data-driven results. The episode closes with a thought-provoking discussion about the state of the HVAC industry at large. Bryan and Jim tackle the growing influence of private equity consolidation, the persistent problem of technicians skipping probe deployment, the difference between clearing faults and actually fixing them, and the importance of commissioning and retro-commissioning equipment to manufacturer design intent. Throughout it all, the conversation is anchored by a shared belief: that measuring everything — in business and on the job — is the foundation of genuine, lasting improvement. It's a must-listen for any HVAC professional or business owner who wants to understand where the industry is headed. Topics Covered Jim's cancer diagnosis: non-Hodgkin's B-cell lymphoma and the progression from standard chemo to aggressive relapse CAR-T cell immunotherapy explained: how T cells are extracted, genetically modified, and reintroduced to fight cancer permanently Jim's recovery at the Cleveland Clinic and surpassing the critical six-month remission milestone Neurotoxicity as a side effect of CAR-T therapy and what that experience was like The pivot away from measureQuick's per-use pricing model and the dramatic improvement in retention after switching The "time to value" philosophy driving measureQuick's new hybrid workflow interface How measureQuick is integrating AI — and where AI falls short in real-world HVAC diagnostics Label identification as the most practical current AI application in field diagnostics Why AI is highly sycophantic and the danger of relying on subjective, internet-sourced training data for HVAC decisions The power of measureQuick's proprietary measurement data and target zones as a foundation for AI summaries First-principle modeling and non-dimensional mathematics: why brand-agnostic diagnostics work The importance of deploying all nine probes on every air conditioning service call Benchmarking vs. commissioning vs. retro-commissioning: the three layers of equipment assessment Design temperature difference: measuring evaporator and condenser delta-T as engineering benchmarks How ECM motors mask airflow problems — and why that leads to premature motor failure and higher energy costs The two "elephants in the room": incomplete probe deployment and clearing faults without fixing them Why clearing a fault in measureQuick without addressing the root cause is like putting duct tape over a check engine light How poor installation practices in high-growth markets (Florida, Texas, Arizona, Las Vegas) have created widespread system deficiencies The role of private equity in HVAC consolidation and why many PE firms add cost without adding value Why implementing field measurement systems like measureQuick is the missing link for PE-owned and independent shops alike The legacy mode vs. new mode toggle in the upcoming measureQuick update — no forced UI changes for existing users How measureQuick helps newer technicians become productive faster and helps seasoned technicians be more consistent The importance of presenting diagnostic findings to homeowners and helping them understand what the numbers actually mean Learn more about measureQuick at . Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/40499595

Symposium - What Good Techs Do Different W/ Data 03/24/2026

Heat Recovery from Data Center w/ Jeff Staub 03/19/2026

Heat Recovery from Data Center w/ Jeff Staub In this episode of the HVAC School Podcast, host Bryan sits down with Jeff Staub, Director of OEM Sales for Danfoss North America, to explore one of the most rapidly evolving frontiers in the HVAC and refrigeration world: thermal management for AI data centers. With nearly 30 years of industry experience spanning technical support, application engineering, and product development, Jeff brings deep expertise on how the explosive growth of AI chip technology is reshaping data center cooling architecture — and creating major new opportunities for HVAC professionals, contractors, and facility managers alike. A central theme of the conversation is heat recovery — specifically, how the enormous amounts of heat generated by high-density GPU chips in modern data centers can be captured and repurposed rather than simply rejected into the atmosphere. Jeff explains that while heat recovery itself is not a new concept (supermarkets have used reheat coils and heat reclaim for decades), its application in AI data centers presents fresh challenges and possibilities. The heat coming off liquid-cooled server chips typically runs around 90 to 100 degrees Fahrenheit — useful, but not immediately at the temperature needed for most end applications like domestic hot water or space heating. Boosting that heat using heat pumps or feeding it into district energy systems, boiler pre-heat loops, vertical farms, or multifamily housing developments are among the most promising strategies being explored around the world. Jeff highlights a significant contrast between Europe and the United States in how heat recovery is being adopted. In Europe, where district energy networks are widespread, data centers can plug directly into community heating infrastructure — and projections suggest that 80% of European data centers will incorporate heat recovery in the near future. In the US, the picture is more fragmented: while opportunities exist at universities, hospitals, urban mixed-use developments, and facilities co-located with nuclear power plants, the economics are trickier. Key sticking points include who owns the capital expenditure for heat recovery modules and heat pumps, and who ultimately benefits from the recovered heat. Bryan and Jeff discuss how innovative ownership models — with landlords, municipalities, or co-tenants sharing infrastructure — are beginning to unlock these opportunities, and how co-generation arrangements with power stations present exciting long-term potential. The episode wraps up with highly practical guidance for HVAC contractors and facility managers looking to break into the data center space. Jeff encourages technicians not to be intimidated: the fundamentals of vapor compression, chiller systems, and fluid flow that HVAC professionals already know transfer directly to data center work. The key additions are familiarity with large centrifugal and screw compressors, variable frequency drives on pumps, glycol loop management, and central distribution unit (CDU) architectures. Bryan emphasizes that the boundary between HVAC and plumbing will continue to blur as secondary fluid pumping becomes more prevalent — and that staying curious and investing in ongoing training (through manufacturer programs like Danfoss Learning, Carrier University, and others) is the best way to ride this wave rather than get left behind. Both hosts agree: AI data centers are not going away, and the technicians who keep them cool will be indispensable. Topics Covered The evolution of data center cooling — from direct vapor compression on chips, to air-conditioned server rooms (CRAC units), to today's liquid cooling and chiller-loop architectures Why AI GPU chips generate unprecedented heat densities, with individual server racks approaching 250 kW to 1 MW of heat output What heat recovery means in the data center context: capturing hot water (90–100°F) off chip cooling loops instead of rejecting it to outdoor air The concept of 'heat quality' — why low-temperature waste heat is abundant but difficult to use directly, and how heat pumps solve the temperature-lift challenge Real-world heat recovery applications: district energy systems, boiler pre-heat, vertical farms, multifamily housing, hospitals, and universities Europe vs. the US: why district energy adoption makes heat recovery far more common in European data centers, and what the US can learn Business model challenges: who pays for heat recovery infrastructure, and how co-location, municipal incentives, and landlord ownership models can unlock value Co-generation opportunities: feeding recovered heat back into steam turbines at co-located nuclear or power plants How heat recovery makes heat pump technology more viable by raising the source temperature and reducing compression ratio Danfoss's role in data center thermal management — from compressors and drives to plate heat exchangers, CDU flow control, and prepackaged heat recovery modules Refrigerant transitions and what they mean for data center cooling (R-410A to R-454B, CO2 transcritical systems, potential two-phase refrigerant direct-to-chip cooling) The convergence of HVAC and plumbing trades in a world of secondary fluid pumping and isolated refrigerant charges Absorption chiller technology as a potential future use case for low-grade waste heat Advice for contractors: how existing chiller and refrigeration skills translate to data center work, and what new competencies to build Career and training resources: Danfoss Learning, manufacturer universities (Carrier, Trane, McQuay), and leveraging AI tools for self-education The importance of redundancy and uptime in mission-critical data center environments — and what that means for service response expectations Learn more about Danfoss at Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/40303125

All About ESCO with Renee Tomlinson and MeasureQuick's Latest Features with Jim Bergmann 03/17/2026

All About ESCO with Renee Tomlinson and MeasureQuick's Latest Features with Jim Bergmann In this short episode, the HVAC School team members talk with Jim Bergmann (measureQuick) and Renee Tomlinson (ESCO) about the latest and greatest that they brought to their booths at the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium. First, JD Kelly spoke with Renee about ESCO Institute's educational offerings. ESCO offers a mix of books and online training content, including new training for A3 refrigerants, a new CO2 (R-744) training manual, and the newly released second edition of System Performance. ESCO has been working with Visual 3D Academy to bring augmented reality (AR) training to the market. Beginners and advanced techs alike can find training material to benefit their careers, as ESCO offers courses on fundamentals for beginners and specialized knowledge for those with more industry experience. ESCO's HVACR Learning Network allows you to access all ESCO courses with a monthly subscription package or purchase access to individual courses, such as if you only need one or two courses of specialized training. Then, Roman Baugh spoke with Jim Bergmann about the latest developments to measureQuick, especially as it has expanded in both breadth AND depth. The unlimited-use subscription has been a positive development that has been well-received, and Jim Bergmann's latest update in development aims to make the value even better with improvements to workflows (creating a hybrid between regular and guided workflows). Developments have also included improved support for VRF systems and all of those systems' operational considerations. The core function of measureQuick is to bring visuals to data, and measureQuick is implementing AI to reduce user errors, such as when it comes to label-reading and ensuring that pressure-temperature data matches the system. User testing is also rigorous to ensure that the software works as intended and to minimize tech support calls for the app itself, and Jim has spent the past several months on user testing in advance of the update's rollout. Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/40446005

Building Tools & the Trade w/ Tony G. from Fieldpiece 03/12/2026

Building Tools & the Trade w/ Tony G. from Fieldpiece Recorded live on the third day of the AHR Expo 2026 in Las Vegas, Nevada, this episode of HVAC School brings together host Bryan and longtime friend of the show Tony Gonzalez, Director of Training at Fieldpiece Instruments. The conversation kicks off with some light-hearted banter about trade show survival tips — including the classic trick of hanging around near closing time to score free gear from exhibitors who don't want to ship anything home. Tony, who spent much of the show working the Fieldpiece booth, shares what it's like to be on that side of the expo floor, while Bryan admits he stopped by the booth but somehow managed to avoid saying hello. One of the highlights of the episode is a hands-on look at Fieldpiece's brand new analog manifold gauge set — a surprise addition to their lineup. Bryan gives his first impressions live on the mic, noting the heavy-duty build quality, four-port design, dual-scale display for popular refrigerants including R-22, R-32, R-454B, and R-410A, and high-pressure ratings. The standout feature that catches Bryan off-guard is a built-in pressure marker ring — what Tony jokingly calls a "fidget spinner" — that allows techs to mark a pressure point on the gauge dial during standing pressure tests, replacing the old wax pen or Sharpie workaround. Bryan makes a compelling case for why every truck should carry a set of analog gauges as a reliable backup, especially for dirty systems, long-term standing pressure tests, or situations where digital probes or batteries fail. Tony shifts the conversation to something he's deeply passionate about: Fieldpiece's commitment to tackling two of the biggest challenges facing the HVAC industry today — low-quality workmanship in the field and the growing skills gap as experienced technicians retire. Fieldpiece has launched a formal School Partnership Program, developed after extensive conversations with trade school directors and union leaders to understand their real needs. The program offers in-person support, supplemental training materials focused on best practices, prizes for top graduates, tools for labs and classrooms, and student discounts. Tony also unveils Fieldpiece's mobile training trailer — a fully-equipped 35-foot rig with live HVAC equipment, including a variable-speed heat pump and furnace — designed to bring hands-on training directly to contractors, distributors, and schools. Bryan passionately echoes the importance of repetitive, hands-on practice, arguing that reading books or watching videos will never replace actually pulling vacuums and executing best practices over and over again. The episode wraps up with Tony sharing details about Fieldpiece's revamped rewards program, where technicians and contractors can earn points by registering products, attending events, and completing free courses on Fieldpiece University — Fieldpiece's online learning platform offering continuing education credits. Bryan encourages small contractors to leverage Fieldpiece University as the backbone of an in-house apprenticeship program without needing a big budget. Tony also teases some exciting future developments, including a new office and learning facility under construction in Heber, Utah, near Park City, a larger state-of-the-art training facility coming to Tustin, California, and a fully redesigned website expected to launch within the next couple of months. Topics Covered Trade show tips: how to score free gear at the end of the last day Tony Gonzalez's personal life update First look at Fieldpiece's new analog manifold gauge set Refrigerant compatibility: R-22, R-32, R-454B, R-410A display on the new gauges The built-in pressure marker ring — a clever replacement for the wax pen trick Why every HVAC truck should have a set of analog gauges as a backup Use cases for analog gauges: dirty systems, long-term standing pressure tests, dead batteries Fieldpiece's two-pronged approach to the HVAC industry: reducing low-quality work and closing the skills gap The Fieldpiece School Partnership Program — resources, in-person support, student prizes, and lab tools Fieldpiece's 35-foot mobile training trailer: bringing live equipment to schools, contractors, and distributors The importance of hands-on, repetitive practice for trade skills — not just classroom learning Fieldpiece's new and expanded training facilities in Tustin, CA, and Heber, UT The revamped Fieldpiece Rewards Program — earning points for swag through product registration, events, and courses Fieldpiece University: free online courses with continuing education credit How small contractors can use Fieldpiece University to build internal apprenticeship programs A shoutout to the GRIT Foundation and their shared mission in workforce development Upcoming redesigned fieldpiece.com website Tony's trailer driving lessons — and a certain "learning opportunity" involving a sharp turn Learn more about Fieldpiece's School Partnership Program at , Fieldpiece University at , and Fieldpiece's products at Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/40216015

Symposium - Do Inverters Suck? 03/10/2026

Recovery Pro Tips w/ Jesse from NAVAC 03/05/2026

Recovery Pro Tips w/ Jesse from NAVAC Recorded live on the floor at the AHR Expo 2026, this episode of the podcast brings together host Bryan and his guest Jesse, National Training Manager at NAVAC, for a candid, high-energy conversation about professional best practices in the HVAC/R trade. The two have a long-standing friendship and professional rapport that makes the discussion feel both educational and genuinely entertaining. Jesse brings a unique background to the table — from underground coal mining in West Virginia to becoming a lineman, then pivoting to HVAC through vocational school and a contractor-sponsored apprenticeship program. His path to becoming a national trainer is a testament to the value of investing in yourself and being open to learning at every stage of a career. The core of this episode centers on refrigerant recovery and charging best practices — a topic that might sound routine but quickly reveals how many technicians, even experienced ones, are cutting corners that cost their clients and their companies money. Bryan and Jesse dig into the problems caused by unnecessarily opening sealed systems, the refrigerant lost every time a technician gauges up a system without need, and why the HVAC industry needs to shift its mindset to treat equipment more like a home refrigerator: a sealed system that should run for years without needing to be cracked open. Jesse makes a compelling case that many so-called "mysterious leaks" are actually caused by repeated unnecessary gauge hookups removing small amounts of refrigerant each time. A significant portion of the conversation focuses on the transition away from manifold gauges toward digital probes and modern recovery setups. Jesse isn't dismissive of manifolds — he acknowledges their place in the classroom and as a backup tool — but he makes a strong case that eliminating restrictions throughout the recovery and charging process is one of the single most impactful things a technician can do to improve efficiency, protect equipment, and deliver better results for customers. Topics like pulling Schrader cores, using 3/8" hoses, Rapid-Y fittings, and the importance of using a filter dryer inline with the recovery machine are all covered with practical, field-tested advice. Bryan and Jesse also tackle some timely and emerging issues facing the industry, including the equalization behavior of R-454B blends and the growing challenge of refrigerant recovery in extreme cold climates as cold-climate heat pumps become more widespread in northern markets. These aren't hypothetical — they're problems technicians are encountering right now, and Bryan's theory about refrigerant fractionation showing up on thermal imaging cameras offers a genuinely fascinating technical angle. The episode closes with Jesse's overarching message: eliminate restrictions wherever you can, take pride in your craft, and never stop learning. Topics Covered Jesse’s background: coal mining, lineman work, HVAC vo-tech, contractor apprenticeship, and path to becoming a national trainer The sealed system philosophy: why unnecessarily opening refrigerant circuits causes more problems than it solves Manifold gauges — their appropriate role in training and as a backup vs. the case for moving to digital probes How repeated gauge hookups can introduce refrigerant loss and fake “mystery leaks" — the 3.5 oz. per hose problem Restrictions as the enemy of efficient recovery: pulling Schrader cores, using core removal tools, and proper hose sizing The importance of recovering liquid first and how restrictions cause flash gas that slows recovery and adds heat Hose size trade-offs: why 3/8" hoses are the recommended sweet spot between flow rate and refrigerant retention Using a filter dryer inline with the recovery machine as cheap insurance against acid contamination and machine damage Why recovered refrigerant should generally NOT be reused — dirty recovery tanks, fractionation, and the limits of a single filter pass Scales as a non-negotiable tool: weighing refrigerant in AND out, and why techs who estimate by feel are guessing Diagnosing overcharge and undercharge situations using scale data before making repairs Airflow first, charge second: the importance of confirming CFM before adding refrigerant to a struggling system The R-454B equalization issue: refrigerant fractionation in new blends and Bryan’s thermal imaging theory Cold-climate heat pump recovery challenges at sub-zero temperatures and strategies for adding heat to the system Heat pump maintenance best practices: testing defrost cycles and what happens when they haven’t been checked in years Word of mouth as the most powerful (and dangerous) form of advertising in the service industry Recovery cylinder safety: the dangers of overfilling tanks and the 80% rule Learn more about NAVAC's products and resources at . Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/40201465

Symposium - What is the House Trying to Tell Me? 03/03/2026

Don't Die! w/ Louise from UEi 02/26/2026

Don't Die! w/ Louise from UEi In this episode, recorded live at AHR Expo 2026, Bryan sits down with Louise from UEi Test Instruments for an in-depth conversation about one of the most underestimated dangers in the HVAC trade: carbon monoxide. Rather than treating CO as just another checkmark on a safety list, Bryan and Louise dive into the full history of the gas — all the way back to early publications from 1922 and 1923 that were already studying the effects of low-level CO exposure. One of the most fascinating takeaways from their discussion is just how long the industry has known about the dangers of carbon monoxide, yet how frequently it remains misunderstood, misdiagnosed, and overlooked on the job site. Louise breaks down the science behind CO poisoning in a way that is both accessible and eye-opening. Unlike high-level acute poisoning — where symptoms are immediately obvious — low-level, chronic carbon monoxide exposure is an entirely different beast. It can mimic the flu, chronic headaches, early-onset Alzheimer’s, and even heart attack symptoms. Because CO is colorless, odorless, and tasteless, it is notoriously difficult to diagnose, and victims often have no idea what is causing their illness. Compounding the problem is the cumulative nature of CO toxicity: the gas builds up in the bloodstream over time and can linger in the body for days, months, or even years after exposure ends. Bryan draws an entertaining but sobering historical connection between the prevalence of carbon monoxide poisoning during the Victorian era — when gas lamps were common inside homes — and the widespread reports of ghost sightings, fugue states, fainting spells, and the spiritualist movement of the time. It was almost certainly CO poisoning, not the paranormal. The conversation then shifts to practical, on-the-job guidance for technicians and contractors. Bryan and Louise walk through the proper process for combustion analysis: starting your analyzer outside in fresh air, identifying test ports on furnaces, boilers, and water heaters, and understanding what readings at steady state actually mean. They emphasize that CO production is not limited to furnaces alone — ranges, ovens, dryers, fireplaces, water heaters, and even propane-powered forklifts are all legitimate sources. One of the most critical points they make is that carbon monoxide hazards are often intermittent and condition-dependent. A system can appear to be working perfectly during one visit and be producing dangerous levels the next time a door is closed or a vent is accidentally blocked. Visual inspection, awareness of combustion air sourcing, and thoughtful analysis are just as important as having the right instruments. On the product side, Louise introduces two exciting new offerings from UEI. The first is the UEI Clip, a compact personal CO detector that clips onto a bag, belt, or lanyard, activates automatically at 20 ppm, and is designed as a set-it-and-forget-it safety device with a two-year sealed battery lifespan. Priced under $100, it is an affordable way to outfit an entire team with a baseline layer of personal protection. The second highlight is the new High Accuracy Clamp Meter (HAC), a commemorative product celebrating the United States’ 250th anniversary. This meter excels at wattage measurement — particularly with low-draw ECM blower motors where most meters fall short — and Bluetooth integration with MeasureQuick is on the horizon. Louise also walks through UEI’s revamped combustion analyzer recertification program, UEI Service Plus, which offers same-day turnaround on standard recertifications at their Indianapolis facility, extended warranties with each annual service, and transparent, upfront pricing directly on their website. Topics Covered The history of carbon monoxide research dating back to publications from 1922 and 1923, and a 1923 patent for a hot water heater that sparked a friendly debate between Bryan and Louise about terminology. How low-level, chronic CO exposure is underdiagnosed and can mimic conditions like the flu, chronic headaches, early-onset Alzheimer’s, and heart attack symptoms — and why CO builds up cumulatively in the bloodstream. The fascinating historical theory connecting widespread Victorian-era reports of ghosts, fugue states, and fainting spells to chronic carbon monoxide poisoning from indoor gas lamps. CO safety thresholds: residential standard (9 ppm), World Health Organization guideline (4 ppm), first responder evacuation threshold (35 ppm), and how UL-rated home alarms may not trigger until 70 ppm sustained for 1–4 hours. Sources of CO that technicians often overlook, including ovens, ranges, dryers, fireplaces, water heaters, propane forklifts, generators, and vehicles idling near garages. Proper combustion analysis procedure: starting the analyzer outside in ambient air, identifying or installing test ports, running tests at steady state, and interpreting O2, CO, and stack temperature readings. Industry CO standards for furnaces: official standard (400 ppm), HRI recommendation (200 ppm), industry best practice (100 ppm), and modern high-efficiency benchmarks (50 ppm or less). How combustion air sourcing — and changes to it (new roofs, blocked vents, swapped doors) — is one of the most commonly missed risk factors for CO production. Why even “heat pump markets” like Florida still need combustion analysis, since over 90% of homes have at least one fuel-fired appliance. Introduction of the UEi Clip personal CO detector: set-and-forget, activates at 20 ppm, sealed 2-year battery, priced under $100, and its unexpected popularity among refrigeration technicians. Introduction of the UEi High Accuracy Clamp Meter (HAC) commemorative edition: exceptional accuracy at low current draws (ideal for ECM blower motors), full accessory kit included, and upcoming measureQuick Bluetooth integration. UEi’s Service+ combustion analyzer recertification program: same-day turnaround at their Indianapolis lab, extended warranty with each annual service, prepaid UPS shipping labels, and transparent pricing on their website. A brief spotlight on UEi as a family-owned business founded by Michael Kane’s parents, with their own manufacturing operations in the UK and Korea. Learn more about UEi's new and longstanding products, as well as the Service+ guarantee, at . Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/40152730

Heat Exchanger Crack Comment - Short #280 02/24/2026

Dehum Innovations and Essentials w/ Nikki K. 02/19/2026

Dehum Innovations and Essentials w/ Nikki K. In this live episode recorded at the AHR Expo 2026 Podcast Pavilion in Las Vegas, host Bryan sits down with longtime friend and industry expert Nikki Krueger of Santa Fe and AprilAire. Nikki brings over 15 years of experience in indoor air quality and whole-home dehumidification to the conversation, having started her career with AprilAire before moving to Santa Fe (formerly Ultra Aire) — and now coming full circle as the two brands have integrated under the AprilAire umbrella as of January 1st of this year. The episode dives deep into a topic close to both hosts’ hearts: how to properly manage indoor humidity, and what role a whole-home ventilating dehumidifier plays in a comprehensive HVAC system strategy. Bryan and Nikki lay out a holistic framework for tackling moisture problems, emphasizing that a dehumidifier should be the last tool added — not the first. Before reaching for dedicated dehumidification equipment, contractors need to assess the building envelope for air leaks, evaluate whether the air conditioning system is properly sized (oversizing is a major contributor to poor latent removal), confirm that the AC is set up with the right airflow and sensible heat ratio, and take into account the ventilation strategy and occupant behavior. The pair discuss real-world scenarios ranging from elderly residents in Florida who keep their thermostats at 80°F, to a project in Barbados where overcooling caused interstitial condensation in walls and ceilings. The message is clear: humidity control is a systems problem, not a single-product fix. A significant portion of the episode is dedicated to proper installation practices for whole-home dehumidifiers. Nikki explains why Santa Fe recommends pulling from a dedicated return and discharging into the supply side of the AC duct — rather than tying into the return side — because the heat generated by dehumidification (roughly 1,054 BTUs per pint of water removed) can warm the AC evaporator coil and reduce its latent removal capacity. Bryan adds nuance around dew point management when routing outdoor air ducts, and both hosts agree that fan operation strategy (continuous low-speed vs. intermittent) matters more in tight, low-load homes where mixing is harder to achieve naturally. They also clarify a common misconception: a ventilating dehumidifier is not a dedicated outdoor air system (DOAS) and does not automatically condition incoming ventilation air before it enters the home. The conversation wraps up with an exciting look at Santa Fe’s newly launched Ultra V Series, which features an upgraded 8-inch ventilation duct (up from 6 inches), a more powerful fan for handling higher static pressure in retrofit applications, a new digital control panel, and a wired remote humidity sensor that can be placed in the living space for more accurate readings. Nikki and Bryan also field audience questions on topics like short-cycling risks from oversized dehumidifiers and why Santa Fe chose a wired sensor over wireless (accuracy, reliability, and fewer callback headaches). Bryan closes by noting that rising dew points across most U.S. markets over the last 20 years make whole-home dehumidification more relevant than ever — and that any region where you can see green grass outside is a candidate for a more advanced moisture control strategy. Topics Covered Introduction to Nikki Krueger and the merger of Santa Fe and AprilAire under one brand The purpose of whole-home ventilating dehumidifiers and how they fit into an overall HVAC system strategy Latent vs. sensible heat loads explained — and why both matter for comfort and moisture control Geographic reach of humidity problems — why dehumidification isn’t just a Florida or Gulf Coast issue Ken Gehring (“Teddy Bear”), inventor of the whole-house ventilating dehumidifier, and his framework for diagnosing moisture problems The four-factor checklist before deploying a dehumidifier: building envelope, AC sizing, AC setup/airflow, and ventilation strategy How occupant behavior (thermostat preferences, activity levels, large households) creates latent load variability The dangers of overcooling — how setting thermostat too low can cause interstitial condensation in walls, ceilings, and attics Sensible heat ratio (SHR) and its role in a system’s ability to remove moisture — targeting ~350 CFM per ton in humid climates Why dehumidifiers should connect to a dedicated return and discharge into the supply — not tie into the AC return side How dehumidifier heat output (~1,054 BTUs per pint) can reduce AC coil efficiency when ducted incorrectly Fan-on strategy debate: when running continuous low-speed circulation helps vs. hurts humidity control Tighter homes, smaller systems, and the importance of air mixing strategies (including ceiling fans) Ventilating dehumidifiers vs. dedicated outdoor air systems (DOAS) — clearing up a common misconception about how ventilation air is conditioned Dew point management for outdoor air ducts — preventing condensation inside duct runs Using dehumidifiers to address sweating ductwork in multi-story homes Rising dew points over the past 20 years and what “green grass climates” means for dehumidification demand Heat pump oversizing challenges in colder climates and the downstream impact on AC latent removal Santa Fe’s new Ultra V Series: 8-inch ventilation duct, stronger fan, digital controls, and wired remote humidity sensor Why proper dehumidifier sizing matters: short-cycling risks, moisture reservoir release, and uneven RH throughout the home Why Santa Fe chose a wired humidity sensor — accuracy, reliability, and reducing contractor callbacks Audience Q&A: oversizing consequences, short-cycling mechanics, and sensor placement best practices Learn more about Santa Fe Dehumidifiers at . Connect with Nikki Krueger on LinkedIn or Instagram @nikkikruegerIAQ. Check out the work of Ken Gehring ("Teddy Bear") or ask him a question on the HVAC Talk Forum: . Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/40091100

Lifetime of HVAC/R w/ John Pastorello - Short #279 02/17/2026

Lifetime of HVAC/R w/ John Pastorello - Short #279 In this short podcast episode from AHR Expo 2026, Bryan sits down with John Pastorello for a discussion about the latter's lifetime of HVAC/R. John was a chemist and an HVAC technician before founding Refrigeration Technologies in 1987, and he received the HVAC Tactical Lifetime Achievement Award in 2026. Prior to entering the trade, John was a chemist in a lab. He applied for and was hired by an HVAC company when he realized the financial opportunity in the trade. He eventually owned a contracting business, but he didn't truly make his HVAC/R chemistry debut until 1987 with Big Blu. When he noticed problems with existing liquid leak reactants and inaccurate electronic leak detectors, John developed Big Blu in his kitchen (with the help of his local library and patent office for research) and tested it in the field. Big Blu was the first Refrigeration Technologies product, and it was the only one for a while. He then developed Nylog in the early 1990s while developing a different product. After falling down research rabbit holes and doing lots of trial and error, he eventually realized the product's potential as an assembly lubricant, and Nylog became an official Refrigeration Technologies product. Even as Refrigeration Technologies continues to grow and has received several purchase offers, it remains a family business. John's son, Mike, became a mechanic but eventually decided to return to the business, and he runs it to this day. John's career culminated with the HVAC Tactical Lifetime Achievement Award, which is a testament to the service, education, and mentorship he has shared with the HVAC/R industry. Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/40087480

Vapor Injection + Modulation Innovation w/ Copeland 02/12/2026

Vapor Injection + Modulation Innovation w/ Copeland In this live episode from the AHR 2026 Podcast Pavilion, Bryan sits down with Copeland's Josh Souders (Manager of Commercial Unitary Product Management) and Jeff Kukert (Compression Senior Technical Trainer) to dive deep into Enhanced Vapor Injection (EVI) technology and its transformative impact on HVAC systems. This conversation offers both technical professionals and industry newcomers a comprehensive look at how vapor injection is revolutionizing heat pump performance, particularly in challenging climate conditions. The discussion centers on how EVI technology addresses one of the industry's most persistent challenges: maintaining high heat pump capacity in extremely low-temperature conditions. Josh and Jeff explain that vapor injection can deliver up to 20% added capacity and 10% improved efficiency while simultaneously enhancing compressor reliability. This technology, which has been a staple in refrigeration applications for years, is now becoming increasingly prevalent in commercial and residential HVAC systems, especially as cold climate heat pumps gain traction across North America. The guests make the complex topic accessible by breaking down how the system works—taking liquid refrigerant from the condensing line, running it through an expansion device and brazed plate heat exchanger (economizer), and injecting the cooled vapor directly back into the compressor scroll at a specific intermediate point. What makes this episode particularly valuable is the practical guidance offered for field technicians. The conversation moves beyond theoretical explanations to address real-world implementation challenges and troubleshooting strategies. Josh and Jeff emphasize the importance of understanding operating envelopes, pulse-width modulated (PWM) valves, pressure transducers, and modern control systems. They introduce Copeland's latest product developments, including the YAW variable speed vapor injection platform (1.5 to 25 tons) and the upcoming YAB two-stage vapor injection system launching later in 2026. The discussion also touches on applications beyond traditional HVAC, including commercial water heating and boiler replacement systems where high discharge temperatures are crucial. Throughout the episode, the guests maintain an encouraging tone toward technicians who may feel intimidated by these advancing technologies. They stress that while EVI systems may appear complex with additional tubing, heat exchangers, valves, and sensors, the underlying thermodynamic principles remain the same. The key is familiarizing oneself with new components like PWM valves and modern controllers, and leveraging tools like Copeland Mobile to verify system performance against operating envelopes. This episode serves as both an educational resource and a call to action for HVAC professionals to embrace these emerging technologies that are rapidly becoming industry standard. Topics Covered Enhanced Vapor Injection (EVI) fundamentals – How EVI works, its history in refrigeration, and why it's now critical for commercial and residential HVAC applications Capacity and efficiency benefits – Achieving up to 20% capacity boost and 10% efficiency improvement, particularly in low-ambient heating conditions Compressor reliability improvements – How injecting cooled vapor into the scroll set manages discharge temperatures and extends compressor life under high compression ratios Operating envelope management – Understanding compressor operational limits and using tools like Copeland Mobile to verify field conditions stay within safe parameters Cold climate heat pump technology – Meeting DOE's Cold Climate Heat Pump Challenge requirements for 100% capacity at 5°F ambient conditions System architecture and components – Detailed explanation of economizers (brazed plate heat exchangers), pulse-width modulated (PWM) valves, pressure transducers, and advanced controllers Compression ratio challenges – Managing the increased work required when outdoor temperatures drop while indoor condensing temperatures remain constant New Copeland product platforms – Introduction to YAW variable speed vapor injection (1.5-25 tons), YAB two-stage vapor injection (launching 2026), and tandem variable speed configurations Applications beyond traditional HVAC – Water heating systems, commercial boiler replacement, and managing high discharge temperatures for Legionella protection Technician training and tools – Practical advice on learning PWM valves, thermistors, transducers, and system controllers; emphasis on using Copeland Mobile for dynamic performance analysis Market trends and adoption – How vapor injection is becoming standard in premium residential systems and increasingly common across commercial rooftop units and dedicated outdoor air systems Installation and service considerations – Proper system design to avoid oversizing, humidity control in hot-humid climates, and troubleshooting techniques for complex control systems Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/40078585

TXV vs. EEV - Short #278 02/10/2026

TXV vs. EEV - Short #278 In this short podcast episode, Bryan breaks down the differences between a thermostatic expansion valve (TXV) and an electronic expansion valve (EEV). He highlights their strengths and weaknesses. In the basic refrigerant circuit, the metering device drops the pressure. TXVs and EEVs are both metering devices that cause the liquid refrigerant to drop in pressure and become a liquid-vapor mixture; they control evaporator feeding and maintain a constant superheat. TXVs achieve this by mechanical means; the bulb responds to suction line temperature and evaporator pressure at the valve. They are self-contained and easy to diagnose with basic refrigeration measurements. However, they are prone to mechanical failures, including clogged orifices and screens, cracked capillary tubes, and powerhead leaks. Installation errors are also easy to make, and TXVs can hunt in low-load conditions. Overall, failures are often mechanical and refrigerant-related. They win in the simplicity department. EEVs receive inputs from sensors and modulate in response to those digital signals. They have a wider modulation range and maintain stable control in low-superheat applications, and they do well in conditions with highly variable loads or where coordination across multiple coils is required. EEVs come in two types: stepper motor (small, discrete steps) and PWM (controlled solenoid valves). Stepper-style EEVs excel at fine positioning, and PWM-style EEVs are in applications that require a more robust valve (like CO2 refrigeration). EEV failures are often electromechanical or related to sensor control. They win in the controllability department. There is no "best" metering device; they merely have different strengths that make them better suited to different applications. However, EEVs are the future due to the greater degree of controllability we will need in newer equipment. Commissioning and airflow are also crucial for getting the most out of both metering device types in terms of longevity and reliability. Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/39992630

Electric Heat Talk w/ Bert 02/05/2026

Electric Heat Talk w/ Bert In this informative episode, host Bryan welcomes guest Bert for an in-depth discussion on the often-overlooked but critically important topic of electric heat in HVAC systems. The conversation takes listeners through both the common and uncommon issues that arise with electric heat installations, offering practical insights drawn from years of field experience. Bryan and Bert balance technical expertise with relatable storytelling, making complex electrical concepts accessible to both HVAC professionals and homeowners interested in understanding their heating systems. The discussion begins with some of the more dramatic (and rare) scenarios, including tales of objects left on heat strips during installation—from instruction manuals to spray glue cans—that have led to fires and property damage. These cautionary tales serve as memorable reminders of the importance of proper installation practices. The conversation then shifts to the far more common issues technicians encounter regularly, particularly loose electrical connections. With electric heat strips drawing substantial continuous amperage—often 20 amps per 5kW or more—poor connections can quickly lead to melted wire nuts, damaged terminal blocks, and potentially dangerous situations. Bryan and Bert emphasize that these connection problems often don't manifest until the heating season begins, making proper installation and inspection critical. Bryan and Bert also address widespread confusion around emergency heat versus auxiliary heat, explaining why emergency heat settings are largely obsolete in most modern heat pump applications. They clarify that in typical residential installations with 5-10kW heat strips, the electric backup cannot efficiently heat an entire home on its own, making the emergency heat function impractical. Instead, auxiliary heat should work in tandem with the heat pump to supplement heating during extremely cold conditions or defrost cycles. The hosts advocate for implementing lockout controls that prevent auxiliary heat from activating unless outdoor temperatures drop below 40 degrees, helping homeowners avoid unnecessarily high electricity bills while still maintaining comfort. The technical discussion extends to critical safety mechanisms, including interlocks, thermal overloads, and fusible links that prevent catastrophic failures. Bryan provides historical context on how interlock systems have evolved from high-voltage relay-based designs to modern control board logic, while warning against improper retrofitting that can create new hazards. The episode concludes with practical guidance on proper sizing, voltage considerations, airflow requirements, and the economics of electric heat versus other fuel sources. Throughout the conversation, Bryan and his guest stress that while electric heat is simple and reliable, it demands respect for proper electrical practices and thoughtful system design to ensure both safety and cost-effectiveness. Topics Covered Installation Horror Stories and Safety Hazards: Objects left on heat strips causing fires, including the infamous spray glue can incident Loose Electrical Connections: The #1 issue with electric heat systems and why continuous high amperage makes proper connections critical Wire Sizing and Breaker Matching: Common mistakes when replacing furnaces with heat pumps and the dangers of undersized wiring Emergency Heat vs. Auxiliary Heat: Why emergency heat is largely obsolete in modern residential applications and when auxiliary heat should actually engage Heat Output Calculations: Understanding BTU production per kilowatt (3.41 BTUs per watt) and why 5-10kW strips can't heat most homes alone Lockout Controls and Outdoor Thermostats: Implementing temperature-based restrictions to prevent unnecessary auxiliary heat operation above 40°F Interlock Systems Evolution: How blower/heat strip safety interlocks have changed from relay-based to control board logic Thermal Overloads and Fusible Links: The two types of safety devices that prevent overheating and fire hazards Defrost Cycle Operation: How auxiliary heat integrates with heat pump defrost sequences Balance Point and Dual Fuel Considerations: Economic and operational factors in choosing between electric and gas backup heat Voltage Variations and Sizing: Working with different voltage ratings (208V vs. 240V) and how they affect heat output Diagnostic Techniques: Using Ohm's law and resistance measurements to verify heat strip operation and specifications Airflow Requirements: Why proper air movement is critical for preventing overload trips and premature failures Electrical Safety Practices: Avoiding dangerous shortcuts like bypassing thermal limits or using undersized relays Energy Efficiency and Economics: Comparing the true cost-effectiveness of electric heat versus gas and heat pump operation Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/39798560

Vapor Diffusion Ports, Hygric Buoyancy, and Fruit - Short #277 02/03/2026

Vapor Diffusion Ports, Hygric Buoyancy, and Fruit - Short #277 In this short podcast episode, Bryan talks about some building science concepts, including vapor diffusion ports, hygric buoyancy, and... fruit packaging? Much of building science wisdom over the past couple of decades has dealt with air sealing (just seal it tighter!). However, building tightness has a darker side: more difficulty drying. When buildings can't dry, moisture accumulates and leads to rot. Air leaks and vapor diffusion are NOT the same thing. Vapor diffusion refers to water vapor diffusing through surfaces into the home (through the materials of walls, floors, etc.). Air moves much more water than vapor diffusion, so air leaks are a bigger problem in terms of moisture. Therefore, air barriers matter more than vapor barriers... until the air barrier battle has been won. Hygric buoyancy refers to moist air's lower density than dry air, so wet air rises toward the attic (and then the attic peaks). While sealed attics are excellent, moisture can accumulate at the roof deck, especially when the roofing cools at night. The condensation is worsened by using open-cell foam, as open-cell foam is air-closed but vapor-open (whereas closed-cell foam is air-closed AND vapor-closed). Drying isn't needed if you can KEEP the moisture out of closed-cell foam. Open-cell foam requires a place for vapor to go. Vapor diffusion ports are airtight, controlled vapor-open outlets at the highest points of sealed attics. A cap protects them from bulk water, and they consist of a membrane that blocks air but allows vapor to exit. Unlike a ridge vent, ventilation is not the goal of a vapor diffusion port; it is drying by diffusion rather than airflow and acts as a controlled pressure-relief valve for moisture. Vapor diffusion ports have been proven to be effective at drying and preventing roof rot in humid climates (but NOT ALL climates). They do not work against bulk water intrusion, in cold climates, or when used as vents. Vapor diffusion ports work like fruit packaging, which is designed to let oxygen in and CO2 out, while controlling moisture and slowing decay. Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/39937200

Gas & Combustion Safety w/ Bert 01/29/2026

Gas & Combustion Safety w/ Bert In this informative episode, Bryan and Bert dive deep into gas appliance safety and combustion analysis from the unique perspective of Florida HVAC technicians. While they humorously acknowledge that Florida's mild winters mean they don't work on gas furnaces daily, they make a compelling case that this actually makes their training even more critical. When technicians only encounter gas appliances occasionally, the stakes are higher—which is why they've developed rigorous protocols to ensure safety every single time. The conversation covers everything from the basics of gas leak detection to the nuances of carbon monoxide monitoring, combustion air zones, and proper venting. Bryan and Bert share real-world stories of dangerous situations they've encountered, from exploding pool heaters to improperly capped gas lines at vacation rentals. Their approach emphasizes that every gas leak is your problem when you're on site, regardless of why you were originally called out. This episode is packed with practical wisdom for both seasoned professionals working in gas-heavy markets and those who encounter these systems less frequently. Throughout the discussion, the hosts stress fundamental safety principles that apply across all markets: using your nose to detect leaks, understanding the difference between unspent gas and carbon monoxide, ensuring proper combustion air zones, and never ignoring warning signs like delayed ignition or flame rollout. They also tackle common misconceptions about equipment like flexible gas connectors, orphaned water heaters, and the real risks of cracked heat exchangers. The conversation wraps up with important reminders about company lockout/tagout procedures, the critical importance of low-level carbon monoxide detectors, and the tools every technician should carry. Bryan and Bert's candid, no-nonsense approach makes complex safety topics accessible while never losing sight of how serious the consequences can be when gas work goes wrong. Topics Covered Gas leak detection and response protocols - Why every gas leak on site becomes your responsibility, using your nose as the first line of defense, and never leaving a leak for someone else to fix Carbon monoxide safety and monitoring - Understanding CO as a combustion byproduct, the limitations of standard UL-rated detectors, and the critical importance of low-level CO monitors Combustion air zones and depressurization - Identifying risks from sealed spaces, return air leaks, exhaust fans, and other equipment that can create dangerous negative pressure Delayed ignition and flame rollout - Recognizing warning signs, understanding causes, and why you should never ignore scorched wires or tripped rollout switches Proper gas line assembly and materials - Selecting appropriate materials for different environments, avoiding flexible connector failures, and ensuring proper sizing Combustion analysis fundamentals - Measuring CO levels in the flue, targeting air-free CO under 100 ppm, and understanding when adjustments are needed Natural draft vs. induced draft systems - Differences in safety considerations, orphaned water heaters, and the myth of oversized flue pipes Venting requirements and back drafting - Identifying improper venting, looking for evidence of back draft on water heaters, and ensuring proper flue design Gas pressure testing and adjustment - When to adjust and when not to, reading data tags, and understanding that most flame problems are air-related, not gas pressure Cracked heat exchangers in context - Why they're less common in warm climates, the role of proper airflow, and focusing on actual safety risks vs. edge cases Tools and equipment recommendations - Combustion analyzers, personal protective CO detectors, combustible gas detectors, precision manometers, and low-level CO alarms Lockout/tagout procedures - Following company protocols, communicating clearly with customers, and balancing safety requirements with homeowner autonomy Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/39785990

WHY SQUARE FOOTAGE ≠ TONNAGE - Short #276 01/27/2026

WHY SQUARE FOOTAGE ≠ TONNAGE - Short #276 In this short podcast episode, Bryan dives a bit into equipment sizing rules of thumb and why square footage does NOT equal tonnage in today's world. Many rules of thumb exist in the industry, and one is a load calculation rule stating that you can size the HVAC for a house at 500 square feet per ton. Old houses are leaky and poorly insulated compared to new homes, which results in large energy loads but allows the homes to dry themselves out, as moisture could leak out before it could cause trouble indoors. Large loads and leaky envelopes made 500-600 square feet per ton a sensible rule. Homes built within the last few decades have a lot more insulation and are tighter, and they have smaller sensible heat loads. However, they're a lot more moisture-prone, especially when moisture can't escape via proper ventilation paths. The 500 square-foot rule of thumb overshoots the latent capacity and leads to short cycling due to oversized equipment. Enter ACCA Manual J, which presents a load calculation method that is very good, but it has barriers to entry; it is very rigorous, has a learning curve, and can be a hassle. One thing is clear, though: load management is key, especially latent load management. At this time, we measure energy efficiency in terms of metrics like SEER, but the future is pointing to peak load management as the answer: getting the right power draw at the right moments instead of high general efficiency. Modernizing hot deck-cold deck systems with steady-state, constantly running systems might be the way to go, especially if we utilize energy storage and modern variable-speed technologies. The new rule of thumb is to think like a building scientist and apply new tools to concepts that have stood the test of time. Low peak loads and steady-state operation are often the way to go with high latent loads in homes built to the most recent building codes and standards. Have a question that you want us to answer on the podcast? Submit your questions at . Purchase your tickets or learn more about the 7th Annual HVACR Training Symposium at . Subscribe to our podcast on your or . Subscribe to our channel. Check out our handy here or on the HVAC School Mobile App for and . /episode/index/show/hvacschool/id/39501475

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