Ep. 23: "Ep 23 Doctors Should Tell Patients that High Linoleic Acid Seed Oils are Unhealthy"—with Raphael Sirtoli and Dave Feldman
Tucker Goodrich: Debugging Life
Introduction So apparently there is some demand for discussion/debate on the topic of seed oils and health. Dave Feldman (Ep. 9) had considered doing this at his recent conference, but couldn’t fit in the time. He’s since regained interest in the idea, and reached out to Andreas Eenfeldt and Ted Naiman, who have expressed skepticism. They replied: “We decline as we feel this debate is a distraction. The reason is that we see no good scientific evidence for replacing any source of added pure fat with another. It's not the right question.” Since there’s so much interest, and clearly...
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Ep. 22: John Speakman—What Causes Obesity?
Tucker Goodrich: Debugging Life
Introduction I am honored to be joined by John Speakman, a leading authority on energy balance in animals, and in the use of the doubly-labeled water method of determining energy balance. This has led him into the study of obesity, among other topics, where he has become a recognized expert. Our discussion was prompted by his recent paper, “Total Daily Energy Expenditure Has Declined Over the Past Three Decades Due to Declining Basal Expenditure, Not Reduced Activity Expenditure”, which casts a new light onto the world pandemic of obesity. In addition to discussing a few of the papers that...
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Ep. 21: How Seed Oils Promote Cancer—with Matt Quinn and Dr. Brian Kerley
Tucker Goodrich: Debugging Life
Introduction Cancer is the second-leading killer of Americans, and is increasing both around the world and increasingly affecting younger and younger people. It’s obviously important to understand what environmental factors might affect our susceptibility to the various cancers. Here we discuss what I think is a key paper showing a link between our environment, genetic mutation, and metabolic dysfunction in cancer cells. “The Major Lipid Peroxidation Product, Trans- 4-Hydroxy-2-Nonenal, Preferentially Forms DNA Adducts at Codon 249 of Human P53 Gene, a Unique Mutational Hotspot in...
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Ep. 20: Are Seed Oils a Problem?—with Jacob Hands (Ep. 19 Excerpt)
Tucker Goodrich: Debugging Life
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Ep. 19: Jacob M. Hands—What's Wrong With Fish Oil (Chocolate too!?!)?
Tucker Goodrich: Debugging Life
Introduction What about fish oil? Is it a problem due to oxidation and contamination? Is it beneficial to health as many claim or is it a PUFA that’s bad for your health? Jacob recently published an analysis of various fish oils with the team at Consumer Labs, looking at oxidative toxicity and purity of a wide variety of commercially available fish oils. We discuss omega-3 and health, fish oils and oxidation, the science of seed oils and health, and, as a bonus, the problem with chocolates. This is definitely a bit of a geek fest, so let me know if you have any questions. Guest info Jacob...
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Ep. 18: What Causes Insulin Resistance?—with Matt Quinn and Dr. Brian Kerley
Tucker Goodrich: Debugging Life
Diabetes, broadly defined, afflicts greater than 50% of the U.S. population. The hallmark of type 2 diabetes is insulin resistance. While many are unable to answer the question of why a formerly rare disease now afflicts the majority of the population, we go over research dating back to 1964 that makes it clear that we have a pretty good idea of what causes insulin resistance. Scientists can easily induce insulin resistance in humans. How do they do it, and what might it tell us about what has caused our epidemic of diabetes? Guest info Matt Quinn Biography: TL;DR Here's what I...
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Ep. 17: Making Better Meat—Autumn Smith and John Etchart
Tucker Goodrich: Debugging Life
Introduction We’re honored to be joined today by Autumn Smith of Paleovalley and John Etchart of Wild Pastures. These related companies (John is Autumn’s brother-in-law) work to deliver healthy, regeneratively-farmed foods to their customers. “At Paleovalley, our mission is to help people reclaim vibrant health. We provide products that prioritize nutrient density in an industry that prioritizes everything else. We believe that every dietary choice and every added ingredient is a powerful opportunity to love and care for oneself.” Wild Pastures: “Turning The Page To A Healthier You...
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Ep. 16: Understanding HNE, Biomarkers, and LPO—with Matt Quinn and Dr. Brian Kerley
Tucker Goodrich: Debugging Life
Introduction We look at a paper about the process of how the fats in seed oils become toxic, and what effects those toxins can have. This paper is a broad overview of the related disease processes, which we will discuss to further understand how one thing can be driving many different disease processes. “The study of lipid peroxidation (LPO) processes has become a rapidly growing field in medicine and biology, based on increasing evidence that LPO is involved in the development of many chronic diseases, e.g. [references removed] (1) Asthma (2) ...
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Ep. 15: A.J. Hulbert on the Omega Balance—with Dr. Brian Kerley
Tucker Goodrich: Debugging Life
Introduction We are honorored to be joined by Prof. A. J. Hulbert, noted zoologist and author of Omega Balance: Nutritional Power for a Happier, Healthier Life. “In Omega Balance, noted scientist Anthony J. Hulbert explains how the balance between [Omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids] in the human food chain has changed over the last half-century and the very serious negative health impacts this imbalance has created. An imbalance of these omega fats contributes to increased rates of obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, allergies, asthma, as well as cancer and a variety of other...
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Ep. 14: How a Common Asian Genetic Mutation Leads to Chronic Disease, and What to Do—with Matt Quinn and Dr. Brian Kerley
Tucker Goodrich: Debugging Life
Introduction We look at a paper enlightening what causes chronic disease, in the context of a huge population of people who suffer from the most common human mutation, to the aldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme that detoxifies both alcohol and seed oil metabolites, the ALDH2*2 mutation. We discuss how this mutation is thought to affect the people who have it through the lens of the paper at hand. This was a difficult video for me to edit, as both Matt and Brian share their experiences with the topic we are discussing in their own families. I thought this was excellent, and hope many others can learn...
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I am honored to be joined by John Speakman, a leading authority on energy balance in animals, and in the use of the doubly-labeled water method of determining energy balance. This has led him into the study of obesity, among other topics, where he has become a recognized expert.
Our discussion was prompted by his recent paper, “Total Daily Energy Expenditure Has Declined Over the Past Three Decades Due to Declining Basal Expenditure, Not Reduced Activity Expenditure”, which casts a new light onto the world pandemic of obesity.
In addition to discussing a few of the papers that give some background to that one, and his future research plans in light of that paper, we have an enlightening discussion on the potential role of deuterium in obesity and chronic disease.
Biography:
“John Roger Speakman (born 1958) FRS FRSE FRSB FRSA FMedSci FRSS is a British biologist working at the University of Aberdeen, Institute of Biological and Environmental Sciences, for which he was Director from 2007 to 2011. He leads the University's Energetics Research Group, which is one of the world's leading groups using doubly labeled water (DLW) to investigate energy expenditure and balance in animals. Between 2011-2020, he was a '1000 talents' Professor at the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, in Beijing, China, where he ran the molecular energetics group. In 2020 he moved to the Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences in Shenzhen, China where he works at the Center for Energy Metabolism and Reproduction and Head of the Shenzhen Key laboratory of Metabolic Health.”
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Speakman
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Tucker Goodrich
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Blog (deprecated, but still a lot there!): http://yelling-stop.blogspot.com/
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Show Notes
Hu, S., Wang, L., Yang, D., Li, L., Togo, J., Wu, Y., Liu, Q., Li, B., Li, M., Wang, G., Zhang, X., Niu, C., Li, J., Xu, Y., Couper, E., Whittington-Davies, A., Mazidi, M., Luo, L., Wang, S., … Speakman, J. R. (2018). Dietary Fat, but Not Protein or Carbohydrate, Regulates Energy Intake and Causes Adiposity in Mice. Cell Metabolism, 28(3), 415-431.e4.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2018.06.010
Wu, Y., Li, B., Li, L., Mitchell, S. E., Green, C. L., D’Agostino, G., Wang, G., Wang, L., Li, M., Li, J., Niu, C., Jin, Z., Wang, A., Zheng, Y., Douglas, A., & Speakman, J. R. (2021). Very-Low-Protein Diets Lead to Reduced Food Intake and Weight Loss, Linked to Inhibition of Hypothalamic Mtor Signaling, in Mice. Cell Metabolism, 33(6), 1264–1266.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2021.04.016
McNay, D. E. G., & Speakman, J. R. (2013). High Fat Diet Causes Rebound Weight Gain. Molecular Metabolism, 2(2), 103–108.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molmet.2012.10.003
Speakman, J. R., De Jong, J. M. A., Sinha, S., Westerterp, K. R., Yamada, Y., Sagayama, H., Ainslie, P. N., Anderson, L. J., Arab, L., Bedu-Addo, K., Blanc, S., Bonomi, A. G., Bovet, P., Brage, S., Buchowski, M. S., Butte, N. F., Camps, S. G. J. A., Cooper, J. A., Cooper, R., … Wong, W. W. (2023). Total Daily Energy Expenditure Has Declined Over the Past Three Decades Due to Declining Basal Expenditure, Not Reduced Activity Expenditure. Nature Metabolism, 5(4), 579–588.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s42255-023-00782-2
Gurven, M., Kraft, T. S., Alami, S., Adrian, J. C., Linares, E. C., Cummings, D., Rodriguez, D. E., Hooper, P. L., Jaeggi, A. V., Gutierrez, R. Q., Suarez, I. M., Seabright, E., Kaplan, H., Stieglitz, J., & Trumble, B. (n.d.). Rapidly Declining Body Temperature in a Tropical Human Population. Science Advances, 6(44), eabc6599.
https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abc6599
Protsiv, M., Ley, C., Lankester, J., Hastie, T., & Parsonnet, J. (2020). Decreasing Human Body Temperature in the United States Since the Industrial Revolution. eLife, 9, e49555.
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.49555
Linares, C., & Su, D. (2005). Body Mass Index and Health Among Union Army Veterans: 1891–1905. Economics & Human Biology, 3(3), 367–387.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ehb.2005.06.002
Sørensen, T. I. A., Martinez, A. R., & Jørgensen, T. S. H. (2022). Epidemiology of Obesity. In J. Eckel & K. Clément (Eds.), From Obesity to Diabetes (pp. 3–27). Springer International Publishing.
https://doi.org/10.1007/164_2022_581
Schramm, S., Sørensen, T. I. A., Davidsen, M., & Tolstrup, J. S. (2023). Changes in Adult Obesity Prevalence in Denmark, 1987–2021: Age–Period–Cohort Analysis of Nationally Representative Data. European Journal of Public Health, 33(3), 463–467.
https://doi.org/10.1093/eurpub/ckad024
Haggerty, C., Hoggard, N., Brown, D. S., Clapham, J. C., & Speakman, J. R. (2008). Intra-Specific Variation in Resting Metabolic Rate in Mf1 Mice Is Not Associated with Membrane Lipid Desaturation in the Liver. Mechanisms of Ageing and Development, 129(3), 129–137.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mad.2007.11.001
Zhang, L.-N., Gamo, Y., Sinclair, R., Mitchell, S. E., Morgan, D. G., Clapham, J. C., & Speakman, J. R. (2012). Effects of Chronic Oral Rimonabant Administration on Energy Budgets of Diet-Induced Obese C57BL/6 Mice. Obesity, 20(5), 954–962.
https://doi.org/10.1038/oby.2011.357
“There were four suicides in the rimonabant group (0·07%) and one in the placebo group (0·02%). The number of deaths for bariatric surgery, a widely used alternative treatment for severe obesity, would have been expected to be far greater, and in centres of excellence has been reported to be 0·3% at 90 days.2”
Topol, E. J., Bousser, M.-G., Fox, K. A., & Montelescot, G. (2010). Termination of the CRESCENDO trial – Authors’ reply. The Lancet, 376(9757), 1984–1985.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62256-8
Else, P. L., & Hulbert, A. J. (1987). Evolution of Mammalian Endothermic Metabolism: “Leaky” Membranes as a Source of Heat. American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology, 253(1), R1–R7.
https://doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.1987.253.1.R1
Speakman, J. R., Sørensen, T. I. A., Hall, K. D., & Allison, D. B. (2023). Unanswered Questions About the Causes of Obesity. Science, 381(6661), 944–946.
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.adg2718
Deuterium
Boros, L., Collins, Q., & Somlyai, G. (2018, September 24). Deuterium and Metabolic Water Matter – What This Means Biochemically and Clinically. https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.aat7314#elettersSection