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Deep Fission: Using Boreholes to Cut Nuclear Costs and Deliver 24/7 Clean Electricity

Business for Good Podcast

Release Date: 01/01/2026

Bruce Friedrich (Good Food Institute) on Taste, Price, and What It Takes to Scale Alternative Meat show art Bruce Friedrich (Good Food Institute) on Taste, Price, and What It Takes to Scale Alternative Meat

Business for Good Podcast

Alternative meat looks like it is collapsing. Startups are shutting down, funding is drying up, and headlines are calling the category finished, but that reaction may reflect a misunderstanding of how technological revolutions actually unfold. Bruce Friedrich, President of the Good Food Institute and author of Meat: How the Next Agricultural Revolution Will Transform Humanity’s Favorite Food and Our Future, explains why most people will not change behavior for values alone, why price and taste are the real adoption gates, and why “only” $3 billion in cultivated meat funding is far...

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Business for Good Podcast

Episode Summary A rice field does not look like the starting point for a scalable building materials company until you understand the economics behind it.   In this episode of Business For Good, Paul Shapiro sits down with Chris Guimond, Founder and CEO of Modern Mill, to explore how discarded rice hulls are being transformed into ACRE, a wood like siding, decking, and trim product designed to replace old growth lumber. Chris explains why deforestation is a supply and demand problem, how Modern Mill cracked the manufacturing and adoption challenges that derail most composites, and...

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Deep Fission: Using Boreholes to Cut Nuclear Costs and Deliver 24/7 Clean Electricity show art Deep Fission: Using Boreholes to Cut Nuclear Costs and Deliver 24/7 Clean Electricity

Business for Good Podcast

What if the fastest path to reliable clean electricity is not a new reactor design, but a new place to put one?   In this conversation, Paul Shapiro speaks with Elizabeth Muller, CEO of Deep Fission, about a plan to place a conventional pressurized water reactor roughly a mile underground to use geology, gravity, and groundwater for containment, pressure, and emergency cooling, potentially cutting total nuclear costs by as much as 80%. They unpack how a narrow borehole reactor could serve always-on demand from data centers and industrial users, what “proven tech combined in a new...

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Business for Good Podcast

If you’ve ever checked the ingredients on a baked good, you know how ubiquitous eggs are. They bind, they lift, they emulsify, they hold moisture — they’re simply the structural engineers of cookies, cakes, and muffins everywhere. But they’re also volatile: prices spike, supply chains break, and for anyone with an egg allergy or who’s avoiding eggs for animal welfare or environmental reasons, eggs aren’t exactly a welcome ingredient to find on the ingredient deck.  Enter Hadar Ekhoiz Razmovich, CEO and co-founder of , an Israeli startup that’s figured out how to make peas...

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Business for Good Podcast

What if planting trees could be not just good for the planet, but also a profitable business? In this episode, I’m talking with Ben Dell, the founder and CEO of — a company that’s raised nearly $400 million, including $250 million of that in 2025, to turn farmland back into thriving native forests across the United States. And he’s already forging major carbon removal deals with the likes of Microsoft and Mercedes F1. Ben’s journey is a fascinating one: he began his career in oil and gas private equity, helping fossil-fuel companies optimize their operations. But during the...

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Ready for a Carpet Made of Human Hair? This Entrepreneur Turns Salon Waste into Textiles show art Ready for a Carpet Made of Human Hair? This Entrepreneur Turns Salon Waste into Textiles

Business for Good Podcast

What if one solution to fashion’s waste problem is literally growing on our own heads? Every day, salons around the world toss out millions of pounds of freshly cut human hair — a clean, protein-rich, renewable resource that mostly ends up in landfills or incinerators. But what if that so-called waste could become the next sustainable textile? My guest on this episode, Zsofia Kollar, is the founder and CEO of , a Netherlands-based startup turning salon hair waste into a high-performance fibre that behaves like wool — but with 43 times lower CO₂ emissions, 20 times less water use, and...

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From Fashion Model to Fission Mission: Isabelle Boemeke’s Nuclear-Powered Future show art From Fashion Model to Fission Mission: Isabelle Boemeke’s Nuclear-Powered Future

Business for Good Podcast

When you hear the word nuclear, does your mind flash to mushroom clouds, Chernobyl, or maybe the glowing three-eyed fish from The Simpsons? Well, what if nuclear electricity — far from being an environmental villain — is actually one of the safest, cleanest, and most land-efficient energy sources we have? It turns out that former fashion model Isabelle Boemeke is on a mission to change how we think about nuclear energy. When she and I met a few years ago, in Italy of all places, she was known by many simply as , her online persona that blends fashion, futurism, and fission to make nuclear...

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Fungi-Filled Diapers: How Plastic-Eating Fungi May Change Child-Rearing show art Fungi-Filled Diapers: How Plastic-Eating Fungi May Change Child-Rearing

Business for Good Podcast

If you’ve ever changed a diaper, you might’ve wondered what happens to it after it goes in the trash. The answer, unfortunately, is that it’ll sit in a landfill for hundreds of years—certainly longer than the baby who briefly wore it will live. In fact, every diaper you wore when you were a baby is still sitting around, at best in a landfill, or perhaps even in the ocean. And did you know the average American baby goes through 6,000 diapers before learning to use a toilet?  But what if fungi could change that? In this episode, I sit down with serial entrepreneur Miki Agrawal, the...

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Business for Good Podcast

Recently  had me as a guest on his show, the to talk about ’s . When it came out, more than one Business for Good listener heard it and told me they thought it would make a good episode to release to our audience too, so this episode is simply the conversation Alex and I had for his podcast. If you’ve been following the alternative protein sector (and the broader biotech sector), you’ve likely seen the wave of challenges that fermentation, cultivated, and plant-based startups have faced over the past few years. As recent reporting confirms, ag and food tech investment is at a...

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Bottling the Sky: Aircapture’s Carbon Capture Breakthrough show art Bottling the Sky: Aircapture’s Carbon Capture Breakthrough

Business for Good Podcast

When you think about climate change solutions, your mind might go to renewable energy, electric vehicles, or eating less meat. These are all of course important. But even if we stopped all emissions today, we’d still have too much CO2 in the atmosphere and would need to pull a lot of our emissions out of it. That’s the bold mission of , a California-based company pioneering modular direct air capture technology. On this episode, I speak with , Aircapture’s founder and CEO, about how his company is not only working to reduce atmospheric CO₂, but also profitably supplying it to...

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More Episodes
What if the fastest path to reliable clean electricity is not a new reactor design, but a new place to put one?
 
In this conversation, Paul Shapiro speaks with Elizabeth Muller, CEO of Deep Fission, about a plan to place a conventional pressurized water reactor roughly a mile underground to use geology, gravity, and groundwater for containment, pressure, and emergency cooling, potentially cutting total nuclear costs by as much as 80%. They unpack how a narrow borehole reactor could serve always-on demand from data centers and industrial users, what “proven tech combined in a new way” really means, how safety and groundwater concerns are handled through regulation and engineering practices, and the practical milestones from pilot to commercial operation so listeners can evaluate what it would take for underground nuclear to scale.

 
Things You Will Learn
  1. How putting a conventional reactor in a mile-deep borehole can replace major above-ground systems and cut nuclear cost drivers.
  2. How Deep Fission thinks about worst-case scenarios, groundwater protection, and regulatory proof points.
  3. What milestones convert LOIs into power purchase agreements, and what timelines look like for early deployment.
Tools & Frameworks Covered
  1. Geology-as-infrastructure – Uses rock, gravity, and water to replace containment and pressurization systems.
  2. Mature-tech recombination – Combines proven reactors, drilling, and geothermal heat transfer to speed time to market.
  3. Pilot-to-commercial pathway – Separates “go critical” demonstration from commercial electricity generation milestones.
 
Episode Timestamps
04:55 – Why a mile underground could cut nuclear costs by about 80%
08:47 – Borehole size, reactor dimensions, and how the hardware fits
09:31 – Replacement strategy, sealing, and stacking long-term operations
19:45 – Groundwater and safety concerns, what regulators need to see
21:43 – Timeline to power, DOE pilot program, and moving toward commercialization