PodcastDX
PodcastDX is an interview based weekly series. Guests share experience based medical insight for our global audience. We have found that many people are looking for a platform, a way to share their voice and the story that their health journey has created. Each one is unique since even with the same diagnosis, symptoms and the way each person will react to a diagnosis, is different. Sharing what they have experienced and overcome is a powerful way our guests can teach others with similar ailments. Many of our guests are engaging in self-advocacy while navigating a health condition, many are complex and without a road-map to guide them along their journey they have developed their own. Sharing stories may help others avoid delays in diagnosis or treatment or just give hope to others that are listening. Sharing is empowering and has a healing quality of its own. Our podcast provides tips, hints, and support for common healthcare conditions. Our guests and our listeners are just like you- navigating the complex medical world. We hope to ease some tension we all face when confronted with a new diagnosis. We encourage anyone wanting to share their story with our listeners to email us at info@PodcastDX.com
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Lung Cancer
11/18/2025
Lung Cancer
Lung cancer is the third most common cancer in the U.S. It’s caused by harmful cells in your lungs growing unchecked. Treatments include surgery, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation and targeted drugs. Screening is recommended if you’re at high risk. Advances in treatments have caused a significant decline in lung cancer deaths in recent years. Lung cancer is a disease caused by uncontrolled cell division in your . Your cells divide and make more copies of themselves as a part of their normal function. But sometimes, they get changes (mutations) that cause them to keep making more of themselves when they shouldn’t. Damaged cells dividing uncontrollably create masses, or , of tissue that eventually keep your organs from working properly. Lung cancer is the name for cancers that start in your lungs — usually in the airways ( or bronchioles) or small air sacs (alveoli). that start in other places and move to your lungs are usually named for where they start (your healthcare provider may refer to this as cancer that’s to your lungs). There are many cancers that affect the lungs, but we usually use the term “lung cancer” for two main kinds: non-small cell lung cancer and small cell lung cancer. Other types of cancer can start in or around your lungs, including (cancer in your lymph nodes), (cancer in your bones or soft tissue) and (cancer in the lining of your lungs). These are treated differently and usually aren’t referred to as lung cancer.
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Home Eye Safety
11/11/2025
Home Eye Safety
Did you know that about half of all eye injuries happen right at home? Home activities that can injure your eyes include: Cleaning. Chemicals like bleach in household cleaning products cause 125,000 eye injuries each year. Home Improvement. Screws, nails and hand tools can launch into the air—and into your eyes. Power tools can also send wood chips or other substances flying into the air. Yard Work. Lawn mowers, trimmers and even shovels can throw dirt and debris into the air. Branches, twigs and thorns can also be dangerous. Unfortunately, only about three out of 10 people wear protective eyewear during home projects that could hurt their eyes. The good news? Simply wearing protective eyewear can reduce your risk for eye injury by 90 percent! The American Academy of Ophthalmology urges every household to have at least one pair of ANSI-approved protective eyewear. (“ANSI-approved” means the protective eyewear is made to meet safety standards of the American National Standards Institute.) In the house Using dangerous chemicals such as oven cleaner and bleach (accidents involving common household products cause 125,000 eye injuries each year). Read the labels of chemicals and cleaners carefully, and don’t mix products. Cooking foods can that can splatter hot grease or oil. Use grease shields on frying pans to protect yourself from splattering. Opening champagne bottles during a celebration. Wrap a towel or cloth around the top of the bottle while unscrewing it to “catch” the cork. Never point a champagne bottle towards another person or yourself when opening it. Drilling or hammering screws or nails into walls or hard surfaces like brick or cement. The screws or nails can fly into the air, or fragments can come off the surface. Using hot objects such as curling irons around your face. Contact with your eyes can cause serious injury. Loose rugs and railings or other hazards that could cause falls or slips. Secure rugs with a non-slip pad underneath. Check to make sure railings are secure and not loose. Put padding on sharp corners and edges if you have children or the elderly in your house. In the yard Mowing the lawn. Check the lawn or the outdoor area first for sticks, rocks or other items that can fly out from under the mower. Using a power trimmer or edger. Clipping hedges and bushes. Playing sports. In the garage or workshop Using power or hand tools. Keep your tools in good condition; damaged tools should be repaired or replaced. Working with solvents or other chemicals. Make sure that all spray nozzles are directed away from you. Doing anything that can cause fragments or dust particles to fly around in the air. Tying down equipment or loads with bungee cords. Bungee cords are a serious danger to eyes when they snap back. For all of these activities, remember that people nearby also face serious risk. Bystanders should wear eye protection too or leave the area where the chore is being done. This is particularly important for children who watch their parents do chores in and around the home. (CREDITS: American Academy of Ophthalmology)
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Change the Outcome with Nutrition & Exercise
11/04/2025
Change the Outcome with Nutrition & Exercise
This week we discuss changing the outcome of your health with nutrition & exercise. Our guest today is Dr. James Thompson, the author of Fearless Wellness and a passionate advocate for transformational change. He completed medical training 35 years ago and has dedicated my career to empowering others to live healthier, more fulfilling lives. He experienced a life-changing event in 2012 and participated in a 2 with my church community. Though the three-week diet, equivalent to a whole food plant-based diet, was intended to emphasize prayer, the impact of the food intrigued him. By the end of the second week, he had more energy, fewer joint aches, more mental clarity, better sleep, and lower blood pressure. He surmised the benefits were mainly from consuming real food and omitting processed food. He decided to take a year-long certification course in integrative holistic nutrition which was the start of his transformation to a whole food plant-based lifestyle. His training course, combined with a decade of studying nutrition science, love of animals, and concerns about climate change, has led me to the current space where he resides, a vegan. Here is the basic outline & links to his and his new book : F – Food: Embrace plant-based eating E – Exercise: Stay active regularly A – Avoid toxins: Eliminate harmful habits (e.g., tobacco) R – Restorative sleep: Prioritize quality rest L – Lessen stress: Manage and reduce daily pressures E – Engage your mind: Stimulate mental growth S – Social energy: Cultivate empathy and connections S – Spiritual connectivity: Foster a sense of purpose and belonging
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Dangers of Impaired Driving
10/28/2025
Dangers of Impaired Driving
This week we discuss the dangers of impaired driving. Impaired driving poses significant dangers, leading to thousands of fatalities and injuries each year due to reduced coordination, judgment, and reaction times. Definition and Causes Statistics Effects of Impairment Preventive Measures Conclusion Impaired driving is a serious public safety issue that leads to numerous preventable deaths and injuries each year. By understanding the dangers and implementing effective preventive measures, we can work towards reducing the incidence of impaired driving and ensuring safer roads for everyone.
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Falls Prevention
10/21/2025
Falls Prevention
Falls are a threat to the health of older adults and can reduce their ability to remain independent. However, falls don't have to be inevitable as you age. You can reduce your chance of falling or help a loved one prevent falls. There are proven ways to reduce and prevent falls, even for older adults. We identify older adults as anyone 65 years and older. Physical changes and health conditions — and sometimes the medications used to treat those conditions — make falls more likely as you age. In fact, falls are a leading cause of injury among older adults. Still, fear of falling doesn't need to rule your life. Instead, consider six simple fall prevention strategies. 1. Make an appointment with your health care provider Start by making an appointment with your health care provider. To assess your risk and discuss fall prevention strategies, your health care provider may want to talk about the following: Your medications. Make a list of your prescription and nonprescription medications and supplements, or bring them with you to the appointment. Your health care provider can review your medications for side effects and interactions that may increase your risk of falling. To help with fall prevention, your health care provider may consider weaning you off medications that make you tired or affect your thinking, such as sedatives, antihistamines and some types of antidepressants. Any previous falls. Write down the details, including when, where and how you fell. Be prepared to discuss instances when you almost fell but were caught by someone or managed to grab hold of something just in time. Details such as these may help your health care provider identify specific fall prevention strategies. Your health conditions. Certain eye and ear disorders may increase your risk of falls. Be prepared to discuss your health conditions and how comfortable you are when you walk — for example, do you feel any dizziness, joint pain, shortness of breath, or numbness in your feet and legs when you walk? Your health care provider may evaluate your muscle strength, balance and walking style (gait) as well. 2. Keep moving Physical activity can go a long way toward fall prevention. With your health care provider's OK, consider activities such as walking, water workouts or tai chi — a gentle exercise that involves slow and graceful dance-like movements. These activities reduce the risk of falls by improving strength, balance, coordination and flexibility. If you avoid physical activity because you're afraid it will make a fall more likely, tell your health care provider. Your provider may recommend carefully monitored exercise programs or refer you to a physical therapist. The physical therapist can create a custom exercise program aimed at improving your balance, flexibility and muscle strength. 3. Wear sensible shoes Consider changing your footwear as part of your fall prevention plan. High heels, floppy slippers and shoes with slick soles can make you slip, stumble and fall. So can walking in your stocking feet. Instead, wear properly fitting, sturdy, flat shoes with nonskid soles. Sensible shoes may also reduce joint pain. 4. Remove home hazards Take a look around your home for potential fall hazards. To make your home safer: Remove boxes, newspapers, electrical cords and phone cords from walkways. Move coffee tables, magazine racks and plant stands from high-traffic areas. Secure loose rugs with double-faced tape, tacks or a slip-resistant backing — or remove loose rugs from your home. Repair loose, wooden floorboards and carpeting right away. Store clothing, dishes, food and other necessities within easy reach. Immediately clean spilled liquids, grease or food. Use nonslip mats in your bathtub or shower. Use a bath seat, which allows you to sit while showering. 5. Light up your living space Keep your home brightly lit to avoid tripping on objects that are hard to see. Also: Place night lights in your bedroom, bathroom and hallways. Place a lamp within reach of your bed in case you need to get up in the middle of the night. Make clear paths to light switches that aren't near room entrances. Consider trading traditional switches for glow-in-the-dark or illuminated switches. Turn on the lights before going up or down stairs. Store flashlights in easy-to-find places in case of power outages. 6. Use assistive devices Your health care provider might recommend using a cane or walker to keep you steady. Other assistive devices can help, too. For example: Handrails for both sides of stairways Nonslip treads for bare-wood steps A raised toilet seat or one with armrests Grab bars for the shower or tub A sturdy plastic seat for the shower or tub — plus a hand-held shower nozzle for bathing while sitting down If necessary, ask your health care provider for a referral to an occupational therapist. An occupational therapist can help you brainstorm other fall prevention strategies. Some solutions are easily installed and relatively inexpensive. Others may require professional help or a larger investment. If you're concerned about the cost, remember that an investment in fall prevention is an investment in your independence.
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BiPolar Revisited
10/14/2025
BiPolar Revisited
Due to a scheduling glitch we are doing a rerun today of an episode Paris Scobie did with us earlier this year. Paris is a Mental Health Speaker, Host of the top 1% globally ranked podcast, , & Best-Selling Author of her memoir, . Paris launched Live Well Bipolar to use her lived experience to help others overcome the shame, fear and isolation that can so often accompany living with bipolar. She shares how she went from being a patient struggling from inside the walls of a psychiatric hospital newly diagnosed with bipolar to returning to work at this same hospital years later. This unique perspective has allowed Paris to share her experiences on what truly made a difference for her to help others. Paris works to illustrate how everything she told herself she could never have or be is everything she has become today. Stay connected with Paris and learn more about her work here:
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Working as an Autistic adult
10/07/2025
Working as an Autistic adult
This week we discuss strategies autistic adults can use as employees. Temple Grandin PhD is our distinguished guest this week. Her website gives a great explanation of her theory on how best to prepare autistic children for a more independent life and active social integration through employment. She emphasizes that in earlier generations, (Temple grew up in the 1950s) activities such as newspaper delivery provided young people with formative work experiences. She suggests that, in the absence of such opportunities today, parents can help children build similar skills through neighborhood jobs like dog walking or by encouraging volunteer roles in community centers and places of worship. According to Temple, these experiences cultivate discipline and responsibility, while also enhancing self-esteem through recognition of a job well done. Temple also stresses the importance of nurturing the distinctive abilities of individuals on the autism spectrum. She argues that traits such as logical reasoning, strong attention to detail, and systematic problem-solving are not only beneficial to the individual but also valuable to society as a whole. Dr. Grandin contends that efforts should focus less on seeking a “cure” for autism and more on recognizing and cultivating these cognitive strengths. In her view, neurodiverse ways of thinking play a critical role in fields such as technology and engineering, making them indispensable to future innovation.
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Bartonella
09/30/2025
Bartonella
Bartonella is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria. It is the only genus in the family Bartonellaceae. Facultative intracellular parasites, Bartonella species can infect healthy people, but are considered especially important as opportunistic pathogens. Bartonella species are transmitted by vectors such as fleas, sand flies, and mosquitoes. At least eight Bartonella species or subspecies are known to infect humans. Bartonella henselae is the organism responsible for cat scratch disease. History Bartonella species have been infecting humans for thousands of years, as demonstrated by Bartonella quintana DNA in a 4000-year-old tooth. The genus is named for Alberto Leonardo Barton Thompson (1871–October 26, 1950), a Peruvian scientist. Infection cycle Though some studies have found "no definitive evidence of transmission by a tick to a vertebrate host," Bartonella species are well-known to be transmissible to both animals and humans through various other vectors, such as fleas, lice, and sand flies. Bartonella bacteria are associated with cat-scratch disease, but a study in 2010 concluded, "Clinicians should be aware that ... a history of an animal scratch or bite is not necessary for disease transmission." All current Bartonella species identified in canines are human pathogens. SUMMARY Bartonella is a type of bacteria that can make people very sick. There are three main kinds that cause most of the infections: B. henselae, B. quintana, and B. bacilliformis. Some of these bacteria are found all over the world (like B. henselae), but others only live in certain places (like B. bacilliformis). People can catch Bartonella in different ways: B. henselae – usually from a cat scratch or bite. B. quintana – spread by body lice. B. bacilliformis – spread by sand flies. Once the bacteria get into the body, they infect red blood cells and cause the blood vessels to grow abnormally. This can lead to symptoms like long-lasting fever, swollen lymph nodes, and enlarged liver or spleen. Doctors figure out if someone has Bartonella using lab tests. They might grow the bacteria in a culture, look for antibodies in the blood (serology), or look at tissues under a microscope. Special tests called PCR can find Bartonella DNA in blood or tissue samples, including heart valves. Treatment usually involves antibiotics, but the exact medicine depends on which type of Bartonella you have and how sick you are. In some cases, like with cat-scratch disease, a doctor may need to use a needle to drain swollen lymph nodes.
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Haemophilus influenzae H-Flu
09/23/2025
Haemophilus influenzae H-Flu
This week we are not featuring a guest, but will be discussing Haemophilus influenzae, or H. influenzae, a kind of bacteria. It can cause bacterial infections ranging from mild (such as bronchitis) to severe (such as septic arthritis). Treatment includes antibiotics but you may also require hospitalization depending on the severity of your condition. Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) is a type of bacteria that can cause several different kinds of infections. These bacterial infections can range from mild, such as , to severe, such as . The infections typically affect children younger than 5 years old. They also affect people who are immunocompromised, such as those with certain medical conditions. Some H. influenzae infections are “invasive,” which means the bacteria invade parts of your body that are normally free from germs. For instance, H. influenzae can invade the fluid surrounding your spinal cord and brain, which can cause . Meningitis is the swelling of the lining of your brain and spinal cord. Invasive diseases usually require hospital treatment and can sometimes be fatal.
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Haemophilus influenzae H-Flu
09/23/2025
Haemophilus influenzae H-Flu
This week we are not featuring a guest, but will be discussing Haemophilus influenzae, or H. influenzae, a kind of bacteria. It can cause bacterial infections ranging from mild (such as bronchitis) to severe (such as septic arthritis). Treatment includes antibiotics but you may also require hospitalization depending on the severity of your condition. Haemophilus influenzae (H. influenzae) is a type of bacteria that can cause several different kinds of infections. These bacterial infections can range from mild, such as , to severe, such as . The infections typically affect children younger than 5 years old. They also affect people who are immunocompromised, such as those with certain medical conditions. Some H. influenzae infections are “invasive,” which means the bacteria invade parts of your body that are normally free from germs. For instance, H. influenzae can invade the fluid surrounding your spinal cord and brain, which can cause . Meningitis is the swelling of the lining of your brain and spinal cord. Invasive diseases usually require hospital treatment and can sometimes be fatal.
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Resurgence of Worrisome Diseases
09/16/2025
Resurgence of Worrisome Diseases
Several preventable diseases are experiencing a resurgence due to declining vaccination rates. These include: Diphtheria: A bacterial infection that can lead to a thick membrane in the throat and respiratory failure. Tuberculosis: A bacterial infection that can affect the lungs and other organs. Chickenpox: A viral infection that can cause blisters and scarring. Polio: A viral disease that can cause paralysis. Measles: This highly contagious virus can lead to serious complications, including pneumonia and encephalitis. Mumps: A viral infection that can cause swelling of the salivary glands and complications such as meningitis. Rubella: A viral infection that can cause birth defects in pregnant women. Pertussis (whooping cough): A bacterial infection that can cause severe coughing fits and respiratory problems, especially in infants. It's important to note that these diseases can also spread among vaccinated individuals, but the vaccines significantly reduce the risk of infection and its severity.
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Understanding POTS with Dr. Diana Driscoll
09/09/2025
Understanding POTS with Dr. Diana Driscoll
This Week on PodcastDX: Understanding POTS with Dr. Diana Driscoll This week we are honored to welcome none other than Dr. Diana Driscoll, a world-renowned authority on the autonomic nervous system. An optometrist and Fellow of the American Academy of Optometry (FAAO), Dr. Driscoll is internationally recognized for her groundbreaking research on Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) and other conditions once thought to be “invisible.” Dr. Driscoll has dedicated her career to improving the lives of those affected by autonomic disorders. Her journey began as a patient herself, battling POTS. Frustrated by the lack of answers, she self-funded much of her research to accelerate progress for patients today. That personal fight has fueled over a decade of innovation in diagnosis and treatment strategies that are transforming patient care. In this episode, we explore her unique perspective as both a former patient and a leading researcher. Dr. Driscoll shares her story, her research, and her vision for the future of POTS treatment. What is Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS)? POTS is a form of orthostatic intolerance that causes the heart to beat abnormally fast when moving from sitting or lying down to standing up. Breaking down the name helps explain the condition: • Postural: Related to body position • Orthostatic: Related to standing upright • Tachycardia: A heart rate above 100 beats per minute • Syndrome: A collection of symptoms occurring together Normally, the autonomic nervous system keeps heart rate and blood pressure stable regardless of position. In POTS, that balance is disrupted. The body struggles to constrict blood vessels and regulate heart rate properly, leading to dizziness, lightheadedness, fainting, fatigue, and more. Who Does POTS Affect? POTS affects an estimated 1 to 3 million Americans, most often women between the ages of 15 and 50. However, men can develop the condition as well. Risk factors include: • Viral or serious infections (such as mononucleosis) • Pregnancy • Physical trauma or surgery • Certain autoimmune conditions (e.g., Sjögren’s syndrome, lupus, celiac disease) How Does POTS Affect the Body? When standing, gravity naturally pulls 10–15% of blood into the lower body. Normally, leg muscles and hormonal responses (like the release of epinephrine and norepinephrine) help keep blood circulating back to the brain and heart. For people with POTS, too much blood pools below the heart. Their blood vessels don’t constrict properly, forcing the heart to compensate by racing. This imbalance causes hallmark symptoms such as dizziness, exhaustion, brain fog, and even fainting. While POTS is not life-threatening, it can be life-altering. Daily tasks may become difficult, and symptoms often fluctuate over time. The good news: with the right combination of dietary adjustments, medications, and physical activity, many people experience meaningful improvements in their quality of life. Learn More Join us as Dr. Diana Driscoll shares her remarkable journey, her patient-centered research, and her continuing mission to bring visibility and solutions to the millions living with POTS.
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Spinal Muscular Atrophy SMA with Gyzele Brown
09/02/2025
Spinal Muscular Atrophy SMA with Gyzele Brown
Gyzele Brown is a proud native of Greenville, MS, now residing in Cleveland, MS. She is the owner and operator of Gyzele’s Salon and Spa, where she’s dedicated to not only transforming looks but also impacting lives through her work. A graduate of Delta State University and Goshen Cosmetology School, Gyzele’s journey began with a background in speech and hearing science — yet her passion for hair and beauty took center stage. Beyond her career, Gyzele is a proud mother of three amazing children who all have spinal muscular atrophy, a rare genetic disease. Her journey is filled with both challenges and blessings, and she’s here to encourage others, remind them of the power of faith, and show that even in tough times, you can keep going for your family and yourself. Join us as Gyzele shares her inspiring journey, full of hope, and powerful life lessons about strength, faith, and the importance of never giving up. Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a genetic disease that causes muscle weakness and wasting due to the degeneration of motor neurons. It's a progressive disease that can be fatal in severe forms. SMA is typically caused by mutations in the , which is responsible for producing a protein vital for motor neuron health. The severity and age of onset vary, with different types of SMA categorized based on symptom onset and severity. Key aspects of SMA: Progressive Nature: SMA is a progressive disease, meaning the symptoms worsen over time. Varied Severity: SMA is classified into types based on the age of onset and severity of symptoms. Types of SMA: : Most severe, symptoms appear at birth or within the first six months, and many affected individuals don't survive past early childhood. (Intermediate): Symptoms appear between 6 and 18 months, individuals can sit but not walk unaided, and life expectancy varies. (Juvenile-onset): Symptoms appear later in childhood, individuals can walk but may have difficulty, and life expectancy is generally normal. (Adult-onset): Rare, with symptoms appearing in adulthood and causing mild motor impairment. Symptoms: Symptoms include muscle weakness, difficulty with movement (sitting, crawling, walking), breathing and swallowing problems, and skeletal abnormalities like scoliosis. Diagnosis: Diagnosis often involves clinical evaluation, genetic testing, and sometimes neurological examinations. Treatment: While there is no cure, treatments like gene therapy and medications can help manage symptoms, improve motor function, and increase survival time. Physical therapy, occupational therapy, and assistive devices are also important. Genetic Basis: SMA is primarily caused by mutations or deletions in the SMN1 gene. Motor Neuron Degeneration: The disease affects motor neurons, which control muscle movement, leading to muscle weakness and atrophy.
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The Trifecta: EDS, POTs & MCAS
09/02/2025
The Trifecta: EDS, POTs & MCAS
What do we mean when we see the word "Trifecta" ? In Horse Racing you would be talking about a bet where you must pick the first, second, and third-place horses in the precise order they finish. In skincare, "The Trifecta" can refer to a set of three essential skincare products that work together for visible results, like a cleanser, serum, and moisturizer. But in this show where we discuss healthcare conditions, "" refers to the three specific diseases which are often found to occur together. For today's show that means EDS, (Ehlers Danlos Syndrome) POTs (Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome) & MCAS (Mast Cell Activation Syndrome) and our guest is Candace Johnson. Candace is a mom of three girls and a chronic illness advocate. She shares her journey living with what many of us call “the trifecta”: POTS, MCAS, and Ehlers Danlos Syndrome. She also has small fiber neuropathy. Her goal is to bring awareness, especially for people still searching for answers and to remind others they’re not alone in this.
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Friedreich's Ataxia with Alexia Baker
08/19/2025
Friedreich's Ataxia with Alexia Baker
This week we talk with Alexis, 25, was diagnosed with Friedreich ataxia (FA) five years ago and since then, has been using her voice and social media platforms to raise awareness for the rare disease. Alexis recently started a foundation, whose goal is to raise money to provide new walkers and wheelchairs for those in need. She currently lives in Tennessee, loves fashion and is currently planning a wedding to her fiancée. Friedreich's ataxia is a rare, inherited disease. It damages the spinal cord, peripheral nerves, and the cerebellum part of the brain. It also leads to heart problems. This disease tends to develop in children and teens. It slowly gets worse over time. Unsteady, awkward movements and a loss of feeling due to nerve injury develop as the disease gets worse. People with this disorder may have other health problems, such as diabetes and heart disease, along with nervous system symptoms.
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Hemiplegic Migraine
08/12/2025
Hemiplegic Migraine
Migraine can present in a variety of ways. Hemiplegic migraine is a rare form of migraine where people experience weakness on one side of their body (hemiplegia) in addition to the migraine headache attack. The weakness is a form of migraine aura and occurs with other forms of typical migraine aura like changes in vision, speech or sensation. Our guest on today's show is Amber is a Registered Nurse turned blogger and patient advocate for those with chronic illnesses. Amber Blackburn is a Registered Nurse turned blogger and patient advocate for those with chronic illnesses. She was forced to leave the workforce after ten years as a nurse; this gave her the patient medical experience and perspective. Being diagnosed and living with a chronic illness has given her the experience of everyday living so she understands both sides of the coin. Amber lives with Systemic Lupus, Migraines, Fibromyalgia, Interstitial Cystitis, IBS, Anxiety, Depression and Adrenal Insufficiency secondary to long term steroid use. Since being forced to leave the traditional workforce due to her illnesses, she has become a strong patient advocate and blogger with her blog being “The World Sees Normal.” Amber works with the Chronic Disease Coalition. She has had her work published by The Mighty, Yahoo and has been nominated for four WEGO Health Awards. She has published a symptom tracker for those with chronic conditions to track their symptoms and pain to share with their doctors. She understands the need for good communication between patients and doctors, but also support the chronic illness community, making sure those living with illnesses understand they are not alone or isolated.
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Dangers in the Beauty Industry
08/05/2025
Dangers in the Beauty Industry
This week we discuss dangers in the beauty industry. From a client's perspective, the issues might not be as severe, but the clinicians who must deal with chemicals day in and day out are at a greater risk. The average woman uses 12 different beauty products every day — cleansers, conditioners, hair dyes, fragrances, skin care products, scented lotions, nail polish, and makeup, to name a few. Take a quick glance at the labels, and you'll see a cocktail of chemical components. You might assume that all these ingredients have been tested to ensure that they're safe for long-term use. That's not the case. At least on the federal level, no one is checking to make sure that the chemicals you're putting on your body are harmless. "Products are tested to make sure they don't cause short-term problems, such as skin irritation. But they're not tested for long-term safety," says Dr. Kathryn M. Rexrode, associate professor of medicine and chief of the Division of Women's Health at Harvard Medical School. The FDA steps in only if people actually complain about a product because they suspect it harmed them. Prior to that, the onus is on the company alone. "Just because it's on your shelf doesn't mean that it's safe," says Tamarra James-Todd, the Mark and Catherine Winkler Assistant Professor of Environmental Reproductive and Perinatal Epidemiology at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. With this in mind, women should take some time to consider what they're putting on their bodies each day and how it could potentially affect their health, she says. Hair dye and breast cancer There's reason for concern about many of the chemicals in popular personal care products on the market today. Case in point: a study published online Dec. 3, 2019, by the International Journal of Cancer found a link between hair dye and breast cancer. Women in the study who used permanent hair dye at least once in the 12-month period leading up to the study had a 9% higher risk of developing breast cancer than women who didn't use hair dye. And when the study authors broke the findings down by race, they found an even higher risk for African American women. Women in that group who used any permanent dye in the previous 12 months had a 45% higher risk of developing breast cancer compared with women who did not use hair dye. It didn't seem to matter how often or for how many years the women had used the dye. The findings were not surprising, says James-Todd. "We conducted a study a year ago in which we saw similar findings for hair dyes," she says. Some hair care products contain more than 5,000 chemicals, including some known to disrupt the body's natural hormone balance or to have cancer-causing effects in animals, according to study authors. Even so, studies looking at hair dyes in the past have been a mixed bag, with some finding links between health problems and dye use, and others finding no link. The differences found in more recent studies, says James-Todd, may be due to the fact that they are testing different products. Today's products use different chemicals than older formulations, which were not linked to health risks in some previous studies. Analyzing the study results Authors of the 2019 study drew on data from the Sister Study, which enrolled more than 50,000 women — the healthy sisters of women with breast cancer — ages 35 to 74. The study ran from 2003 to 2009 and used questionnaires, which were updated every three years. The surveys included questions about how often women used hair dye, as well as what colors and types of dye they used and whether it was permanent or semi-permanent. The study also used information gathered about other hair products, specifically chemicals used to straighten hair. The average follow-up period for the study was a little over eight years, and the current analysis included information gathered through 2016. The analysis also linked hair straightening products to a higher risk of breast cancer. These chemical products were associated with an 18% higher risk of breast cancer in women who used them in the 12 months before the study period. The more often women used straightener, the higher the risk. Women who used the products every five to eight weeks had a 31% higher risk of going on to develop breast cancer compared with nonusers. Although African American women in the study were more likely than others to use straighteners, the increase in breast cancer risk was similar for all races. There didn't appear to be an elevated breast cancer risk among women who used semi-permanent dyes, except among women who used the dyes at home. Researchers speculated this may be because they were more likely to get the dye on their skin, or to use the dyes in spaces that weren't well ventilated, leading them to breathe in higher amounts of chemicals. Change your beauty standard It may not be easy to let your hair go gray and to embrace your wrinkles, but it's a cultural shift women should consider. Being healthy is beautiful, and women should challenge the cultural standard of beauty. "It's about being comfortable with these changes and changing what's acceptable," says Tamarra James-Todd, assistant professor at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health. "We should start teaching our children, teaching the next generation, that you should embrace the different stages of your life and not try to alter that." Interpreting the study results It's important to note that all the participants in the 2019 hair dye study were deemed to have a high risk for breast cancer because their sisters had the disease. This means that the findings might not apply to the average population. However, because this particular study already focused on a group of women that were at high risk because of family history, it's likely that the additional elevated risk seen in African American women was not due to genetic factors, says James-Todd. It's more likely to reflect environmental factors, such as differences in the chemicals used in products typically marketed to these women, she says. In the past, scientists have found higher concentrations of problematic hormone-disrupting chemicals in products marketed to African American women, said study authors. In addition, they noted that breast cancer rates have been increasing in recent years among African American women, who are more often diagnosed with aggressive types of breast cancer and are more likely to die from the disease. What to take from the study So, does this mean that women should stop using hair color entirely? Dr. Rexrode says it's too soon to say. "Over all, I don't tell people never to dye their hair again based on this paper. But a 40% increased risk is large enough for concern," she says. So, the findings also shouldn't be ignored, and the topic warrants more study. For the average woman in the study (that is, one whose sister had breast cancer), exposure to hair dye increased her baseline risk of breast cancer, she says. While there are certain breast cancer risk factors that you can't control, such as your family history or how old you were when you started menstruating, you can choose your hair products and how often you use them. Reducing your chemical exposure While researchers continue to look into this issue, James-Todd and Dr. Rexrode say there are several steps you can take to reduce potential risks related to personal care products. Do your research. When choosing a product, look at the label to see what chemicals it contains, and determine if it's something you want to use. Organizations such as the nonprofit Environmental Working Group () have analyzed many common products and provide information about potential safety concerns. The organization ranks some common beauty products on a scale from 1 to 10, from those generally thought to be safe to those that contain chemicals that raise more concerns, says James-Todd. "Find out as much as you can about what you are using," she says. Find safer alternatives. If products you are currently using contain potentially harmful chemicals, switch to a safer option if one is available. The nonprofit Silent Spring Institute has a smartphone app called Detox Me that you can use in the store to scan product barcodes. If a safer option is available, it will let you know. It also offers a Detox Me Action Kit, which allows you to send a urine sample to have your chemical exposure levels tested to get an idea of how your levels compare to others in the United States. The kit also gives you ideas on how to reduce your exposure. Be skeptical of product claims. Many companies are legitimately working to develop safer products, but some manufacturer claims are dubious. Many companies will remove chemicals that have been highlighted as problematic, such as bisphenol-A or phthalates (chemicals known to be endocrine disrupters, substances that mimic or suppress human hormones). But they may then replace those chemicals with ones that are equally problematic. So, the products aren't really safer, and in some cases, they may be even worse than the original, says James-Todd. Pare down. While it may be tempting to fill your bathroom shelves with all the latest lotions and potions, making more judicious choices may be a better option. Limiting your options to products you consider essential can reduce your exposure. "For example, I love perfume, but I don't wear it anymore," says James-Todd. Go natural. Many beauty treatments can be mixed up in your kitchen. Look online for recipes for natural skin and hair treatments. But be aware that some "natural" consumer products can also bring health risks. For example, essential oils are often recommended as an alternative to perfumes and fragrances. But some, in particular lavender and tea tree oils, have estrogenic properties that can pose some of the same health risks as their chemically laden counterparts, says James-Todd. Natural does not always mean safer. The bottom line: "Women should be thinking carefully about the products they use," says Dr. Rexrode. "And I think we should be demanding more information about their safety."
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Elderly Fade
07/29/2025
Elderly Fade
This week's episode has the cohosts talking about social isolation and earlier death among the elderly population. Studies have shown that loneliness is associated with a higher risk of mortality in older adults. For example, one study found that individuals experiencing loneliness at one or more points in time had a higher hazard for mortality compared to those who never experienced loneliness. Loneliness can trigger physiological stress responses, potentially leading to chronic inflammation and reduced immunity. These factors can contribute to the development of various health problems, including heart disease, Alzheimer's, and other age-related illnesses. Social isolation, which is closely linked to loneliness, can limit access to social support, including assistance with daily tasks, emotional support, and healthcare. This lack of support can negatively impact both physical and mental well-being. Loneliness and social isolation have also been linked to poorer cognitive function and an increased risk of conditions like dementia. Conversely, research suggests that maintaining social connections and receiving regular visits from loved ones can mitigate the risks associated with loneliness and potentially increase longevity. In essence, according to many studies prior to 2025, loneliness can create a cycle of negative health impacts, potentially increasing the risk of premature death, while social connections and support can act as protective factors. HOWEVER.... a new study was just reported last month that questions the previous assumptions. Researchers tracking home care recipients in Canada, Finland, and New Zealand discovered something unexpected: lonely were actually less likely to die within a year compared to their non-lonely peers. Among the most vulnerable — those receiving help at home with daily activities — being lonely was associated with an 18% to 23% lower risk of death. We are sure more research will now be done to either support the newest study or previous studies. Time will tell!
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Tularemia or Rabbit Fever
07/22/2025
Tularemia or Rabbit Fever
Tularemia is a highly infectious disease you get from the bacterium F. tularensis. You can get it from bug bites, infected animals, contaminated water or food, and particles of bacteria in the air. Tularemia can affect your skin, eyes, throat, lungs and intestines. Tularemia should be treated as soon as possible with antibiotics. We will not have a guest for this week, but would love to invite anyone who has been diagnosed with Tularemia to be a guest on a future show. Tularemia causes your lymph nodes to painfully swell and other symptoms in your lungs, eyes, throat and intestines, depending on where the bacteria infects you. It is a zoonotic disease, which means it spreads between animals and humans. Commonly called “rabbit fever” or “deer fly fever,” people get tularemia from exposure to deer flies and ticks that have F. tularensis infections. You can also get it from contact with infected animals (generally rabbits, hares and rodents) or food and water sources contaminated with the bacteria. Tularemia can cause your lymph nodes to swell severely, which looks like large bumps on your body. Sometimes it causes broken skin (ulceration) at the site where F. tularensis bacteria entered your body. People can in several ways, including: Tick and deer fly bites Skin contact with infected animals Drinking contaminated water Inhaling contaminated aerosols or agricultural and landscaping dust In addition, people could be exposed as a result of bioterrorism. vary depending how the person was infected. Tularemia can be life-threatening, but most infections can be successfully with antibiotics. Steps to tularemia include: Using insect repellent Wearing gloves when handling sick or dead animals Avoiding mowing over dead animals In the United States, naturally occurring infections have been reported from all states except Hawaii.
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Blastomycosis
07/15/2025
Blastomycosis
Our guest for this week is Sara Olson. Sara (her TikTok name is ) is from the Wolf River area of Wisconsin which just happens to hold the highest concentration of the fungus that causes Blastomycosis. When Sara got Blastomycosis in January 2024, she thought it was 'just the flu'. With a chest xray, she was diagnosed with pneumonia. Several rounds of antibiotics didn't help so she did a CT scan where they found an embolism. Still not knowing anything else, they continued treating her for bacterial pneumonia. They did a swab of her sputum in which her health providers found no bacterial growth, but there was fungal growth. "For some reason they didn't do fungal testing" she was admitted, released and readmitted all the while she was being treated for bacterial pneumonia. The final hospitalization had her O2 levels drop to 30 and she was intubated, her family was called to come and say their goodbyes... You'll have to listen to the interview to learn more. She is lucky to be alive! Blastomycosis is a fungal infection and was linked to the Little Wolf River in Waupaca County, Wisconsin, during a summer 2015 outbreak. People who went tubing on the river were exposed to the fungus, with 59 confirmed and 39 probable cases reported according to the Wisconsin Department of Health Services (W-DHS). The fungus, , lives in soil and decaying organic matter, and its spores can become airborne when disturbed. Inhaling these spores can cause blastomycosis, a disease primarily affecting the lungs, though it can spread to other parts of the body. While most blastomycosis cases are sporadic, this outbreak highlighted the need for awareness about this preventable cause of illness. Key Details about the Outbreak: Cause: The outbreak was attributed to the fungus Blastomyces, which is commonly found in soil and decaying matter. Exposure: People who participated in river tubing on the Little Wolf River were exposed to the fungus. Symptoms: Blastomycosis can cause flu-like symptoms, such as fever, cough, muscle aches, and fatigue, but it can also lead to serious health problems if not treated. Transmission: The infection is not spread from person to person. Treatment: Blastomycosis can be treated with antifungal medications. Outbreak Scale: This outbreak was one of the largest in recent Wisconsin history, with 59 confirmed and 39 probable cases. Prevention: Awareness of the potential for infection is key, especially in areas where the fungus is known to be present. Additional Information: Endemic Area: Blastomycosis is endemic in the Ohio and Mississippi River valleys, the Great Lakes region, and the southeastern United States according to the CDC. Symptoms: Common symptoms include cough, fever, chest pain, fatigue, and skin sores. Risk Factors: Individuals with weakened immune systems or chronic illnesses may be more susceptible to severe illness. Not Limited to the Wolf River: While the Little Wolf River outbreak was significant, blastomycosis can occur in other areas with suitable environmental conditions. Blastomyces lives in moist soil in parts of North America. It’s too small to see, so you can breathe it into your lungs without knowing it. There, it can grow and make you sick. It sometimes spreads to your skin or other parts of your body. It’s hard to avoid breathing in Blastomyces fungus if you live in an area where it’s common. While not entirely preventable, there are some steps you can take to reduce your risk of blastomycosis: Avoid disturbing large areas of dirt and dust, especially in areas near water. If your job or hobbies expose you to soil that’s likely to contain Blastomyces, wear an N95 (or KN95) respirator mask to help filter the air you breathe.
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Cruising to Disaster
07/08/2025
Cruising to Disaster
When people ask about getting sick on a cruise ship, they’re often worried about . But what happens if you catch a nasty cold, sprain your ankle, or (even worse) have a serious medical emergency like a heart attack? Rest assured, because cruise ships are well prepared. Are there doctors on cruise ships? Of course! Cruise ships will always have at least one doctor along with a staff of nurses. Larger ships will have more personnel with larger infirmaries. What kind of medications do they have? If you you’re looking for aspirin, seasickness meds or other basic over-the-counter meds, you probably can skip the a trip the infirmary and just buy them at the ship’s store. If you need , medical facilities on cruise ships will have drugs on hand to treat infectious diseases like the flu and norovirus, problems with of the eyes, ear, nose and throat, and a variety of gastrointestinal and respiratory issues.
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Waste Water Monitoring
07/01/2025
Waste Water Monitoring
Wastewater monitoring is a valuable, efficient, and robust tool that public health officials can use to guide public health decision making across the nation. When we turn on the tap or flush the toilet, we often don’t think about where all that water goes. Wastewater, the used water from our homes, schools, and businesses, holds valuable information about the health of our community. Wastewater monitoring can help cities manage wastewater effectively and also creates a safer, healthier, and more responsive living environment for their communities. This blog takes a closer look at five important things to know about wastewater monitoring and how it can help city leaders ensure the health of their communities. 1. Wastewater is more than just water Wastewater is a mix of bits and pieces that go down our drains – soap, food bits, medicines, toilet paper, and even poop. When this mix is let loose into the environment without proper cleaning, it can mess up our lakes, rivers, and oceans. And not only that, it can be bad for our health too. 2. Wastewater monitoring gives communities a health checkup Just as doctors examine us to catch early signs of illness, experts examine wastewater to see what’s in it. They look for things like diseases that can affect our health. Wastewater monitoring data can help city leaders identify disease spread early and take steps to keep everyone safe. 3. Wastewater monitoring is an early warning system for disease spread Wastewater holds clues about outbreaks of diseases like COVID-19, polio, flu, and more before they happen. When experts test wastewater, they can notice if diseases are starting to spread more. This helps them catch possible outbreaks early and take action to keep everyone safe. They don’t leave anyone out—every home, business, and neighborhood connected to the sewage system is included in the process. 4. Monitoring wastewater involves sampling, testing, and analysis Sampling: Small amounts of wastewater are collected from different points in the treatment process. Experts use these samples to see what’s in the water. Testing: Using various tools and equipment, they test the samples to find out the levels of chemicals, bacteria, and other substances. Analysis: Experts analyze the data to understand the changes in disease spread and whether new diseases are starting to appear. Analysis results enable city leaders to make proactive decisions to protect community health and well-being. 5. Wastewater monitoring is a special tool for city leaders that benefits everyone City leaders can use information from monitoring wastewater to make important decisions that protect the health of everyone in their communities. Wastewater monitoring data can help city leaders: Talk to the public in better ways Promote actions to keep the community safe (like wearing masks and staying apart) Send medical tests, vaccines, and treatments to the people and places that need them the most Make sure hospitals and clinics have enough staff Wastewater might not be dinner table conversations, but it impacts our lives more than we realize. Wastewater monitoring is an important tool that can help city leaders make good decisions and take early action to prevent disease spread to keep the people they serve healthy. So, next time you flush, remember that what you send down the drain has important information that can help create and maintain healthy communities where everyone thrives. About the authors: and are freelance writers at This article is a product of NLC’s partnership with WastewsterSCAN. The National League of Cities (NLC) is partnering with , a national initiative to monitor wastewater for a growing list of infectious diseases including COVID-19 and its variants, flu, and RSV gives communities reliable, sensitive, and actionable data to help them make public health decisions. As a national partner, NLC is raising awareness about the important role of wastewater monitoring in guiding public health responses, creating learning opportunities for NLC members interested in wastewater monitoring, and sharing information with communities across the country about WastewaterSCAN. CREDITS:
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Health & Human Services
06/24/2025
Health & Human Services
The Public Health Agencies are created to deliver on the Government's commitment to help protect the health and safety of all people and communities in whatever country they live in. For example: Canada's activities focus on: promoting health, well-being and equity protecting against threats to public health preventing and reducing diseases and injury Health Canada is responsible for helping Canadians maintain and improve their health. It ensures that high-quality health services are accessible, and works to reduce health risks. The UK supports ministers in leading the nation’s health and social care to help people live more independent, healthier lives for longer. They are responsible for: supporting and advising their ministers: they help them shape and deliver policy that delivers the government’s objectives setting direction: they anticipate the future and lead debate ensuring they protect and improve global and domestic health accountability: they make sure the department and their arm’s length bodies deliver on their agreed plans and commitments acting as guardians of the health and care framework: they make sure the legislative, financial, administrative and policy frameworks are fit for purpose and work together troubleshooting: in the last resort, the public and Parliament expect them to take the action needed to resolve crucial and complex issues Although we at PodcastDX reside in the USA, due to recent administration changes we do not feel comfortable listing them as a resource at this time.
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Fluoride and Healthy Teeth
06/17/2025
Fluoride and Healthy Teeth
Fluoride has been in the news recently with some people questioning the worth of adding this vital mineral to the water supplies in the United States. Fluoride repairs and prevents damage to teeth caused by bacteria in the mouth. Bacteria in the mouth produce acid when a person eats or drinks. The acid dissolves minerals in a tooth's surface, making the tooth weaker and open to cavities. Fluoride replaces the minerals lost from a tooth due to acid breakdown. Some fluoride can replace minerals in the tooth surface, making the outer enamel layer harder to dissolve. Fluoride also may reduce the amount of acid that cavity-causing bacteria produce, as well as making it harder for these bacteria to stick to the teeth. Protecting teeth requires consistent, low levels of fluoride in the mouth (in the saliva and on tooth surfaces). Fluoride can also be incorporated into developing dental enamel before a tooth erupts into the mouth, enhancing the tooth's resistance to acid breakdown and preventing cavities later in life. that adding fluoride to drinking water poses health risks, such as reduced intelligence in children and cancer. When used at recommended levels, fluoride in drinking water is safe and effective for preventing tooth decay, which also provides benefits for people’s overall health. Extensive research has consistently demonstrated that optimal fluoridation .
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Cannabis and the Heart
06/10/2025
Cannabis and the Heart
Many people assume that ingesting cannabis — whether through edibles, oils, or tinctures — eliminates the cardiovascular risks associated with smoking it. While it's true that edibles avoid the harmful byproducts of combustion (such as carbon monoxide and tar), ingested cannabis still carries significant heart health risks due to the effects of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), its main psychoactive compound. When THC is absorbed through the digestive system, it can cause substantial increases in heart rate and blood pressure — sometimes more dramatically than when cannabis is smoked or vaped. This cardiovascular strain can persist for several hours, making the heart work harder for an extended period. For individuals with existing heart disease, high blood pressure, or other risk factors, this can significantly increase the chances of experiencing arrhythmias, heart attacks, or strokes. Additionally, edible cannabis products often contain higher doses of THC, and because their effects are delayed, people sometimes consume more than intended — compounding the cardiovascular impact. In short: while ingesting cannabis might seem safer than inhaling it, it still triggers systemic effects that can stress the heart and blood vessels — particularly in older adults or anyone with underlying cardiovascular conditions.
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Stress and the Immune System re-run
06/01/2025
Stress and the Immune System re-run
This week we have re-posting a brief insight to the fact that stress can play havoc on the immune system and we hope to have a new guest soon to discuss this weighty problem. If you are a member of the health care community and would like to be a guest on our show to discuss how stress affects the immune system, please drop us a line at . Remember chronic stress = excessive cortisol and too much cortisol = a host of medical ailments. Poor sleep Cortisol levels are supposed to drop at nighttime, allowing your body to relax and recharge. But if your cortisol levels are too high, you might notice that, even if you’ve been tired all day, you get a second wind right around bedtime. Then you toss and turn all night – and feel tired again the next day. Over time, high levels of cortisol deplete the adrenal glands and predispose you to chronic fatigue. So if you feel like your get up and go got up and went, you’re probably stressed. You’re gaining weight, especially around your abdomen, even when you eat well and exercise. Cortisol tends to make you thick around the middle, even when you’re doing everything “right.” You catch colds and other infections easily. Cortisol deactivates your body’s natural self-repair mechanisms, which means that your immune system which is perfectly designed by nature to keep you healthy goes caput, leaving you vulnerable to every cootie you encounter. You crave unhealthy foods. Cortisol raises your blood sugar, putting you at risk of diabetes. High glucose levels then bump up your insulin levels, which then drop your blood sugar it's a vicious cycle! You experience backaches and headaches. When your cortisol levels are high over a long period of time, your adrenal glands start to get depleted. This raises prolactin levels, increasing the body’s sensitivity to pain, such as backaches and muscle aches. Excessive cortisol also hypersensitizes the brain to pain, such that even the slightest twinge can excite the nerves of the brain, causing headaches. Lo-Libido Consider cortisol the anti-Viagra. When stress hormones are high, libido-inducing hormones like testosterone drop. GI Issues. Your gastrointestinal system is very sensitive to stress hormones like cortisol. You might experience nausea, heartburn, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, or constipation as a result of too many stress hormones. Emotional Problems. Cortisol and epinephrine can lead to jitters, nervous stomach, feelings of panic, even paranoia. High levels of cortisol suppress production of serotonin, and next thing you know, you’re awash in doom and gloom. Chronic High Cortisol=Adrenal Fatigue When your cortisol levels are bumped up, day after day, your adrenal glands, responsible for the production of cortisol, get worn out. Precursor hormones required for cortisol production get depleted. This could result in full blown adrenal collapse. (Credits: Dr Lissa Rankin M.D. )
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Navigating the VA
05/27/2025
Navigating the VA
This week's episode is very special for all of the veterans out there... We welcome back three previous guests to discuss receiving healthcare at the Veteran Health Administration (VHA) a component of the Department of Veteran Affairs (VA). Our main guest (from left to right above) is Mark Frerichs, a Navy veteran who was held captive by the Taliban while working as a government contractor in Afghanistan. His battle didn't end with his eventual release and he was home trying to get the health care services he deserved. Supporting him are: Kristal Kent, an Army veteran explaining the difficulties she has taken on as a female veteran with what some call "invisible-illness" Fibromyalgia. And Marine Corps veteran Brain Tally who also had great difficulty within the VA, so much so that he took it upon himself to sponsor a bill and get a new law that will help countless numbers of veterans if they run into problems with their contract doctors in the VA. Although two of the three co-hosts here at PodcastDX are also Army veterans, Jean Marie and Lita will not provide their own input on the topic for this episode. They do however completely agree with the difficulties navigating the largest healthcare system in the United States.
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Dangers of Nitrous Oxide
05/20/2025
Dangers of Nitrous Oxide
Nitrous oxide, also sometimes known as “laughing gas,” is used in medicine for its sedative and anesthetic (pain prevention) properties. Joseph Priestley, an English chemist, and multidisciplinary scholar, first synthesized nitrous oxide, which has the chemical formula N2O, in 1772. After Priestley’s initial discovery of this substance, fellow chemist Humphry Davy performed various tests on the substance, including breathing the gas alone, with oxygen, and with air. Through this testing, it became clear that nitrous oxide had psychogenic properties, including as a sedative and anesthetic (pain-preventer). At first, nitrous oxide was not used for its medicinal properties; it was sold recreationally as “laughing gas.” However, it was established for use in dentistry in the mid-1860s to relieve discomfort from tooth extractions and other painful dental procedures. By the 1880s, it was used for anesthesia during labor and childbirth. Today, nitrous oxide is still used in dentistry, during labor and childbirth, as well as in emergency medicine. When used medicinally, nitrous oxide is delivered with 30-70% oxygen so a person is never breathing in 100% nitrous oxide. Breathing in 100% nitrous oxide displaces oxygen from the lungs and can result in asphyxiation, damage the body’s organs, and even death. Nitrous oxide is sometimes misused recreationally for its euphoric, pleasurable and hallucinogenic effects. However, inhaling nitrous oxide outside of medical settings can be dangerous and even deadly, particularly when used heavily. Although it’s not common, repeated use of inhalants like nitrous oxide and whippets can also result in addiction, or .
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Vaccine Safety
05/13/2025
Vaccine Safety
Vaccination is one of the best ways to prevent diseases. Over the past 50 years, essential vaccines saved at least 154 million lives (1). During the same period, vaccination has reduced infant deaths by 40%. Together with governments, vaccine manufacturers, scientists and medical experts, WHO's vaccine safety program is constantly helping monitor the safety of vaccines. This helps ensure that vaccines are safe for you and your family. In the United States, a number of safeguards are required by law to help ensure that the vaccines we receive are safe. Because vaccines are given to millions of healthy people—including children—to prevent serious diseases, they’re held to very high safety standards. Every authorized or approved vaccine goes through safety testing, including: Testing and evaluation of the vaccine before it’s licensed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and recommended for use by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Monitoring the vaccine’s safety after it is recommended for infants, children, or adults Before a vaccine is ever recommended for use, it’s tested in labs. This process can take several years. FDA uses the information from these tests to decide whether to test the vaccine with people. During a clinical trial, a vaccine is tested on people who volunteer to get vaccinated. Clinical trials usually start with 20 to 100 volunteers, but eventually include thousands of volunteers. These tests can take several years and answer important questions like: Is the vaccine safe? What dose (amount) works best? How does the immune system react to it? Throughout the process, FDA works closely with the company producing the vaccine to evaluate the vaccine’s safety and effectiveness. All safety concerns must be addressed before FDA licenses or authorizes a vaccine. Once a vaccine is approved or authorized, it continues to be tested. The company that makes the vaccine tests batches to make sure the vaccine is: Potent (It works like it’s supposed to) Pure (Certain ingredients used during production have been removed) Sterile (It doesn’t have any outside germs) FDA reviews the results of these tests and inspects the factories where the vaccine is made. This helps make sure the vaccines meet standards for both quality and safety. Once a vaccine is recommended for use, FDA, CDC, and other federal agencies continue to monitor its safety. The United States has one of the most advanced systems in the world for tracking vaccine safety. Each of the systems below supplies a different type of data for researchers to analyze. Together, they help provide a full picture of vaccine safety. : VAERS is an early warning system managed by CDC and FDA that is designed to find possible vaccine safety issues. Patients, health care professionals, vaccine companies, and others can use VAERS to report side effects that happen after a patient received a vaccine. Some side effects might be related to vaccination while others might be a coincidence (happen by chance). VAERS helps track unusual or unexpected patterns of reporting that could mean there’s a possible vaccine safety issue that needs further evaluation. : VSD is a collaboration between CDC and several health care organizations across the nation. VSD uses databases of medical records to track vaccine safety and do research in large populations. By using medical records instead of self-reports, VSD can quickly study and compare data to find out if reported side effects are linked to a vaccine. : PRISM is part of the Sentinel Initiative, which is FDA’s national system for monitoring medical products after they’re licensed for use. PRISM focuses on vaccine safety—it uses a database of health insurance claims to identify and evaluate possible safety issues for licensed vaccines. : CISA is a collaboration between CDC and a national network of vaccine safety experts from medical research centers. CISA does clinical vaccine safety research and—at the request of providers—evaluates complex cases of possible vaccine side effects in specific patients. : A system that uses multiple data sources and rapid queries to detect or evaluate adverse events or study specific safety questions. Additional research and testing: The Department of Defense (DoD), the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA), and the Indian Health Service (IHS) have systems to monitor vaccine safety and do vaccine safety research. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Office of Infectious Disease and HIV/AIDS Policy (OIDP) also support ongoing research on vaccines and vaccine safety. During emergencies, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, additional safety activities are utilized to help evaluate the data in quickly and with special populations. For example, a new smartphone tool called uses text messaging and surveys to check in with COVID-19 vaccine recipients after vaccination.
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Whooping Cough or Pertussis
05/06/2025
Whooping Cough or Pertussis
Whooping cough, also known as pertussis, is a highly contagious respiratory infection caused by the bacteria Bordetella pertussis. It's characterized by severe, persistent coughing fits, often ending with a high-pitched "whoop" sound. The disease can be very serious, especially for infants, and is preventable through vaccination. Whooping cough is an illness that can spread easily. It's also called pertussis. An infection with bacteria causes it. Many people with the illness get a serious hacking cough. Breathing in after coughing often causes a high-pitched noise that sounds like a "whoop." Before the vaccine for pertussis came out, whooping cough was thought of as a childhood disease. Today, whooping cough mainly affects children too young to have gotten all their shots of the vaccine. The illness also tends to affect teenagers and adults whose protection from the vaccine has faded. Deaths linked with whooping cough are rare. Most often, they occur in infants. But pregnant people can help protect their babies by getting a booster shot of the vaccine during pregnancy. Vaccination also is recommended for other people who will have close contact with an infant. Once you become infected with whooping cough, it takes about 5 to 10 days for symptoms to start. Sometimes it takes up to three weeks. The symptoms often are mild at first. They may seem like those of a common cold. They can include: Runny or stuffy nose. Red, watery eyes. Fever. Cough. After a week or two, the symptoms become worse. Thick mucus builds up inside the airways. This causes rapid coughing that can't be controlled. The cough can last for weeks or months, and it may be worse at night. Intense coughing attacks may cause: Vomiting. A red or blue face. Extreme tiredness. A high-pitched "whoop" sound during the next breath of air. People with mild illnesses often don't make the whooping sound. Sometimes, an ongoing hacking cough is the only symptom of whooping cough in teens and adults. Many babies with the illness don't cough at all. Some babies and young children might. Gag or struggle to breathe. Have skin, lips or nails that turn blue or purple. Have life-threatening pauses in breathing called apnea.
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