Ransomware Evolution
Easy Prey
Ransomware has changed dramatically over the years. What started as criminals locking up individual computers and demanding relatively small payments has grown into a much larger operation involving stolen data, entire networks, third-party vendors, and increasingly sophisticated ways of pressuring victims to pay. Now AI is adding another wrinkle, giving criminals new tools while also creating some unexpected problems for them. Joining me to talk about how ransomware has evolved is Allan Liska, a ransomware researcher and Field CISO at Recorded Future. Allan has more than 30 years of...
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The Counterfeit Economy
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A counterfeit handbag may leave someone disappointed. A counterfeit medication, airbag, or child’s car seat can do far more damage. Fake products now reach into nearly every part of daily life, and many of them arrive through online stores that look completely legitimate. Kari Kammel saw the danger firsthand when a pharmacist overseas offered her several versions of the same medication. Some were authentic, while others were openly described as counterfeit. That experience stayed with her. She now directs the Center for Anti-Counterfeiting and Product Protection at Michigan State University,...
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The Internet is Playing You
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A convincing lie no longer needs to look suspicious. It can appear in a familiar social media feed, come from someone who seems real, or arrive as a video that looks almost impossible to fake. By the time doubt sets in, the post may already have been shared thousands of times. Few people understand that online environment better than today’s guest. Nina Jankowicz has spent more than a decade studying what she calls the bad things that happen on the internet. She is an internationally recognized expert on disinformation and online harassment. She was also named one of Time magazine’s 100...
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The Psychology of Yes
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It is easy to say you would never fall for a scam when you are looking at the situation from the outside. In the moment, though, things can feel much less obvious. A request may sound reasonable, the person may seem trustworthy, and saying no can feel awkward enough that you go along with something you would normally question. Today’s guest studies exactly why that happens. Vanessa Bohns is the Bronstein Family Professor and Chair of Organizational Behavior at Cornell University’s ILR School. Her work focuses on social influence, compliance, and the pressure people feel to cooperate, even...
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Drink Spiking
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A drink can be out of your sight for only a moment, but that may be all it takes for someone to tamper with it. Spiking can happen in bars, restaurants, festivals, and even among people who already know and trust each other. It also goes far beyond alcohol. Drinks, food, vapes, cigarettes, and other substances can be altered without someone’s knowledge, leaving them vulnerable before they fully understand what is happening. Dawn Dines has spent more than 20 years working to change how people understand and respond to spiking. She is the founder and CEO of Stamp Out Spiking, a UK charity...
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Love, Lies and Locked Up
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What sounds like the plot of a crime thriller was Sharon Armstrong’s real life. An online romance drew her into an elaborate web of lies involving overseas contracts, invented emergencies, and several people playing carefully planned roles. By the time she arrived at an airport in Argentina with five kilograms of cocaine hidden inside her suitcase, she still believed she was carrying business documents for the man she loved. Sharon was arrested and spent more than two years in an Argentinian prison before returning home without a conviction. During that time, she had to confront the truth of...
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The Recruitment Trap
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Everybody is searching for ways to increase income. Unfortunately, MLMs often look like an easy way to start a business without taking on the cost of a traditional company. The pitch sounds simple. Buy the product, follow the plan, and put in the work. The numbers behind those promises often tell a different story. Today’s guest, Stacie Bosley, has spent years studying what really happens inside MLMs. She is a professor at Hamline University in Minnesota and holds a Ph.D. in applied economics. Her research covers multi-level marketing, consumer protection, income claims, and pyramid scheme...
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Convincing Deepfakes
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A familiar voice on the phone or a recognizable face on a video call used to offer some reassurance that you knew who you were dealing with. AI has changed that. Voice cloning, face swaps, and real-time video impersonation now allow scammers to convincingly pose as executives, job candidates, romantic interests, or even family members. Understanding how these attacks work and where they may be headed is a central part of Tom Cross’s work as Head of Threat Research at GetReal Security. Tom has spent more than 30 years studying cybersecurity threats, software vulnerabilities, and the methods...
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When Trust Becomes a Trap
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Most people use technology all day without giving much thought to what is happening behind the screen. We trust routers that may not have been updated in years, depend on internet systems few of us understand, and now turn to artificial intelligence for everything from travel plans to home repairs. That convenience comes with tradeoffs. In this episode, we look at the weaknesses built into our connected world and what happens when our technical knowledge fails to keep pace with the technology surrounding us. Sherrod DeGrippo leads threat intelligence for Unit 42 at Palo Alto Networks, where...
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Scam Compounds
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When most people think about online scams, they picture criminals sitting behind a screen and stealing from victims around the world. But in Southeast Asia, many of the people sending those messages are victims too. Some were promised legitimate jobs, flown across borders, trapped inside guarded compounds, and forced to scam others while trying to survive. In this episode, I talk with Ivan Franceschini, a lecturer in Chinese Studies at the Center for Contemporary Chinese Studies Asia Institute. After years of studying labor rights, civil society, and Chinese investment in Cambodia,...
info_outlineA familiar voice on the phone or a recognizable face on a video call used to offer some reassurance that you knew who you were dealing with. AI has changed that. Voice cloning, face swaps, and real-time video impersonation now allow scammers to convincingly pose as executives, job candidates, romantic interests, or even family members. Understanding how these attacks work and where they may be headed is a central part of Tom Cross’s work as Head of Threat Research at GetReal Security.
Tom has spent more than 30 years studying cybersecurity threats, software vulnerabilities, and the methods attackers use to exploit technology. Before joining GetReal Security, he held leadership roles at IBM X-Force, Lancope, and Drawbridge Networks, and he has shared his research at major security conferences including Black Hat and DEF CON. His current work focuses on deepfake-enabled social engineering and the development of tools that can detect digital impersonation, including signs that are often too subtle for a person to recognize.
In this episode, we learn how little audio is needed to clone someone’s voice, why live video is no longer reliable proof of identity, and how deepfakes are being used in romance scams, investment fraud, identity theft, and remote hiring schemes. We also talk about AI agents that can carry on persuasive conversations, adjust their behavior based on a victim’s reactions, and repeat those tactics on a massive scale. The discussion offers a revealing look at why familiar advice for spotting fakes is quickly becoming outdated and what individuals and organizations will need to do differently as the technology improves.
Show Notes:
- [01:05] Tom shares how his early work in vulnerability research led to a career studying sophisticated cybersecurity threats.
- [03:32] Running a bulletin board system as a teenager helped spark an enduring interest in hacking and computer security.
- [06:11] A look back at early online communities, text-based games, Fidonet, and the pre-internet era.
- [09:36] The conversation shifts to deepfake research and the technology being developed to detect manipulated media.
- [11:29] Deepfakes are divided into audio, visual, file-based, and real-time forms, each creating different risks.
- [15:20] Modern voice clones can fool both people and biometric authentication systems, making specialized detection increasingly important.
- [18:30] Virtual backgrounds and other subtle processing artifacts may reveal manipulation even when nothing looks obviously wrong.
- [20:31] Deepfake detection has become another cybersecurity arms race as attackers continually improve their methods.
- [22:30] Romance scams, investment fraud, remote job schemes, and identity theft are among the growing uses of deepfake technology.
- [25:26] Scammers succeed by exploiting desires, expectations, and the human tendency to rationalize warning signs.
- [27:56] Large-scale phishing and business email compromise attacks only need a small percentage of targets to respond.
- [29:22] Criminal compounds in Southeast Asia use trafficked workers and deepfake tools to conduct scams on a massive scale.
- [30:27] North Korean remote workers may use stolen identities and shared deepfake personas to secure jobs at American companies.
- [33:45] Purpose-built criminal software combines face swapping with appearance-enhancing features designed for romance scams.
- [35:05] Common visual tests for identifying deepfakes are becoming unreliable as the technology advances.
- [39:24] Emotional investment makes detection even harder because people often explain away signs that something is wrong.
- [40:47] Building authentication into the internet could help people determine whether digital content is genuine.
- [42:13] AI agents may soon conduct automated scams that respond naturally, apply pressure, and adjust to a victim’s behavior.
- [45:14] Automation could allow criminals to target hundreds of thousands of people while making impersonation increasingly convincing.
- [46:22] Machine learning may create self-improving scams that test countless variations and concentrate on the tactics that work.
- [49:18] AI lowers the technical barrier to cybercrime by helping people create tools they could not build on their own.
- [51:06] Phones and messaging platforms may eventually require stronger controls as automated calls and texts become more common.
- [53:09] Digital signatures, watermarks, and verified content could help distinguish malicious deepfakes from authorized uses.
Thanks for joining us on Easy Prey. Be sure to subscribe to our podcast on iTunes and leave a nice review.